Electrodiagnostic visual testing (electroretinogram [ERG] and visual-evoked potential [VEP]) was performed on 5 ruminants (3 lambs, 1 kid, and 1 steer) with thiamine-responsive polioencephalomalacia (PEM) and on 2 sheep with listeriosis. The lambs and kid had typical clinical signs of PEM, especially blindness. In these animals, the ERG was normal but the VEP was abnormal. Follow-up recordings in the kid and 1 lamb indicated an improvement in VEP recordings accompanying a gradual return of vision after thiamine treatment. Possible subtle changes in VEP peak latencies could not be assessed because of lack of normative VEP data for sheep and goats. All animals had complete return of vision (owner-assessed). The steer did not have signs of blindness, and the ERG and VEP were normal. Changes in VEP accompanying permanent PEM blindness are not known. One sheep with suspected listeriosis had lack of menace response and palpebral and corneal reflexes, but had intact vision. The ERG and VEP were normal. The second sheep with suspected listeriosis had intact menace response and vision, but became acutely blind and died; the ERG was normal, but VEP amplitudes were depressed.

Objective: To evaluate the refractive error induced by intraocular administration of silicone oil (SiO) in dogs. Animals: 47 client-owned dogs evaluated for blindness secondary to retinal detachment. Procedures: 3-port pars plana vitrectomy with perfluoro-octane and SiO exchange (1,000- or 5,000-centistoke SiO) was performed in 1 or both eyes for all dogs (n = 63 eyes), depending on which eye or eyes were affected. Dogs were normotensive, had complete oil filling of the eyes, and were examined in a standing position for retinoscopic examination of both eyes (including healthy eyes). Results: The mean refractive error for SiO-filled phakic and pseudophakic eyes was 2.67 and 3.24 D, respectively. The mean refractive error for SiO-filled aphakic eyes was 6.50 D. Dogs in which 5,000-centistoke SiO was used had consistently greater positive refractive errors (mean, 3.45 D), compared with dogs in which 1,000-centistoke SiO was used (mean, 2.10 D); however, the difference was nonsignificant. There was no significant linear relationship between refractive error and the number of days between surgery and retinoscopy. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Hyperopia was observed in all dogs that underwent SiO tamponade, regardless of lens status (phakic, pseudophakic, or aphakic). Aphakic eyes underwent a myopic shift when filled with SiO. Pseudophakic eyes appeared to be more hyperopic than phakic eyes when filled with SiO; however, additional investigation is needed to confirm the study findings.