Mean phosphorus (P) content in bovine rib bone was 102.9, 108.3, and 182.7 mg/g of bone on fresh, dry, and ash weight bases, respectively. Values for calcium (Ca) were 194.3, 203.7, and 344.6 mg/g, respectively, and for magnesium (Mg) were 5.3, 5.5, and 9.4 mg/g, respectively. Mean percentage of ash in rib bone was 59.12%. Expected concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg were determined on fresh, dry, and ash weight bases and for 3 age groups, 3 breeds, and bulls, females, and steers. On an ash weight basis, cattle 6 to 18 months old had 185.74 mg of P/g, 372.52 mg of Ca/g, and 12.37 mg of Mg/g. Those 19 to 36 months old had 182.02 mg of P/g, 322.35 mg of P/g, and 8.09 mg of Mg/g. Those > 36 months old had 174.80 mg of P/g, 340.36 mg of Ca/g, and 6.62 mg of Mg/g. Steers had 183.93 mg of P/g, 352.73 mg of Ca/g, and 10.15 mg of Mg/g. Females had 178.47 mg of P/g, 320.28 mg of Ca/g, and 6.5 mg of Mg/g. Males had 176.15 mg of P/g, aH on an ash weight basis. Dairy breeds were found to have 186.08 mg of P/g, 351.25 mg of Ca/g, and 10.47 mg of Mg/g. Cattle of mixed breeding had 177.42 mg of P/g, 341.28 mg of Ca/g, and 6.54 mg of Mg/g. The Africander breed of beef cattle had 167.07 mg of P/g, all on an ash weight basis.

Mean phosphorus (P) content in bovine rib bone was 102.9, 108.3, and 182.7 mg/g of bone on fresh, dry, and ash weight bases, respectively. Values for calcium (Ca) were 194.3, 203.7, and 344.6 mg/g, respectively, and for magnesium (Mg) were 5.3, 5.5, and 9.4 mg/g, respectively. Mean percentage of ash in rib bone was 59.12%. Expected concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg were determined on fresh, dry, and ash weight bases and for 3 age groups, 3 breeds, and bulls, females, and steers. On an ash weight basis, cattle 6 to 18 months old had 185.74 mg of P/g, 372.52 mg of Ca/g, and 12.37 mg of Mg/g. Those 19 to 36 months old had 182.02 mg of P/g, 322.35 mg of P/g, and 8.09 mg of Mg/g. Those > 36 months old had 174.80 mg of P/g, 340.36 mg of Ca/g, and 6.62 mg of Mg/g. Steers had 183.93 mg of P/g, 352.73 mg of Ca/g, and 10.15 mg of Mg/g. Females had 178.47 mg of P/g, 320.28 mg of Ca/g, and 6.5 mg of Mg/g. Males had 176.15 mg of P/g, aH on an ash weight basis. Dairy breeds were found to have 186.08 mg of P/g, 351.25 mg of Ca/g, and 10.47 mg of Mg/g. Cattle of mixed breeding had 177.42 mg of P/g, 341.28 mg of Ca/g, and 6.54 mg of Mg/g. The Africander breed of beef cattle had 167.07 mg of P/g, all on an ash weight basis.

Packed cell volume and plasma total protein (TP), serum albumin (Alb) and globulin (Glb), and plasma ionized calcium (PCa) concentrations, blood viscosity (BV), and plasma viscosity (PV) were measured in 42 horses at rest and after the cross country jumping phase of a horse trial competition. The BV and Pv were determined at 6 shear rates (230, 115, 46, 23, 11.5, 5.75 s 1), using a digital rotational cone and plate microviscometer. A paired t-test was used to determine differences between PCV, TP, Alb, Glb and PCa values at rest and after exercise. The PCV, TP, Alb, and Glb values increased (P < 0.05) in horses after exercise. The PCa concentration decreased (P < 0.05) in horses after exercise. Mean BV and Pv in the 42 horses at rest and after exercise were fitted to an asymptotic function. Significant (P < 0.05) correlation at aH shear rates was seen between BV at rest and PCV, TP, Alb, Glb, and PCa values at rest; and between BV after exercise and PCV, TP, Alb, Glb, and PCa values after exercise. Significant correlation was not seen between PV at rest and TP, Alb, Glb, and PCa at rest, or between PV after exercise and TP, Alb, Glb, and PCa concentrations after exercise at any shear rate.