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Effect of milk stasis on Brucella abortus infection of the mammary gland in goats.
1991
Meador V.P. | Deyoe B.L.
To compare the effects of milk stasis and milk flow on Brucella abortus infection of the mammary gland under the same systemic conditions, primiparous goats (n = 5) were inoculated IV with B abortus on the day of parturition, and suckling by their neonates was restricted to one mammary gland. Goats were euthanatized and necropsied at 3 weeks after inoculation, and milk, mammary glands, and supramammary lymph nodes were evaluated by bacteriologic, histologic, and immunoenzymatic staining techniques. Nonnursed mammary glands had high titers of brucellae in milk, moderate interstitial mastitis, and brucellar antigen in macrophages located primarily in alveolar and ductal lumina. Brucellae often filled the macrophage cytoplasm. In contrast, nursed mammary glands had fewer brucellae in milk, minimal inflammatory changes, and no detectable brucellar antigen in histologic sections. Hyperplastic changes were only seen in supramammary lymph nodes draining nonnursed mammary glands; these contained more brucellae than lymph nodes draining nursed mammary glands. These studies show that milk stasis may be the sole cause of increased susceptibility of nonnursed mammary glands to B abortus infection.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Luteinizing hormone and progesterone concentrations and induction of estrus after use of norgestomet ear implants or constant infusion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in anestrous, nonlactating dairy goats.
1991
Bretzlaff K.N. | Nuti L.C. | Scarfe A.D. | Elmore R.G. | Capehart J. | Varner D.D. | Weston P.G.
Plasma luteinizing hormone and progesterone concentrations, time to onset of estrus, and pregnancy rates were determined in nonlactating anestrous does given 1 of 4 treatments: subcutaneous ear implants containing 3 mg of norgestomet for 9 days (NOR; n = 6); subcutaneous administration, using osmotic minipumps, of 250 ng of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/h for 48 hours (GnRH; n = 6); 3 mg of NOR for 9 days, followed immediately by 250 ng of GnRH/h for 48 hours (NOR + GnRH; n = 6); or no treatment (control; n = 6). During the 72-hour period after removal of NOR or insertion of GnRH pumps, 6 of 6, 0 of 6, 6 of 6, and 3 of 6 does were observed in estrus at a mean (+/- SE) of 49 (+/- 3.0), 0(+/- 0), 32 (+/- 2.0), and 35 (+/- 13.8) hours in groups NOR, GnRH, NOR + GnRH, and control, respectively. Time from end of treatment to peak concentrations of luteinizing hormone were 56 +/-4.0, 28 +/- 4.7, 34 +/- 4.3, and 41 +/- 9.7 hours (mean +/- SE) for NOR, GnRH, Nor +/- GnRH, and control, respectively. Peak concentrations of luteinizing hormone were significantly greater and occurred significantly later in does given NOR. Progesterone concentrations in does that became pregnant increased to concentrations greater than or equal to 1.0 ng/ml 3 to 5 days after breeding and remained high. Functional corpora lutea (CL) was found in 6 does that did not become pregnant, 1 CL was associated with pseudopregnancy and 1 CL was associated with ovulation prior to placement of the GnRH pumps. Functional CL failed to form in 10 of the 12 does in groups GnRH and control. Does had either continual low concentrations of progesterone (3 does) or short-term increases in concentrations of progesterone (7 does). Conception rates for does in groups NOR, GnRH, NOR + GnRH, and control were 83%, 0%, 50% and 0%, respectively. Four does given GnRH and 3 control does were observed in estrus and were bred during the subsequent 2-week period. All of these does, except 1 control became pregnant subsequent to these breedings. The treatments NOR and NOR + GnRH were effective in inducing a synchronized estrus in dairy goats. However, the use of bucks to detect estrus may have introduced the buck effect and enhanced the performance of NOR alone, which has not been this effective in other studies with small ruminants.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Three-dimensional reconstruction of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the Korean native goat using a plaster
1991
Lee, B.H. (Gyeongsang National Univ., Chinju (Korea Republic). Coll. of Medicine) | Lee, H.S. | Lee, I.S. | Yi, S.J. (Seoul National Univ., Suwon (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine)
Effects of levamisole, selenium and tocopherol on the lymphocyte blastogenesis and production of antibody in Korean native goat
1991
Kim, J.M. (Rural Development Administration, Anyang (Korea Republic). Veterinary Research Institute) | Mah, J.S. | Jeon, Y.S. (Seoul National Univ., Suwon (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine)
Effects of levamisole, selenium and tocopherol on the functions of blood neutrophil and peritoneal macrophage of Korean native goats
1991
Kim, J.M. (Rural Development Administration, Anyang (Korea Republic). Veterinary Research Institute) | Mah, J.S. | Jeon, Y.S. (Seoul National Univ., Suwon (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine)
Biochemical properties and antimicrobial drug susceptibility of Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from pneumonic calves and goats.
1991
Cho, K.H. | Kim, B.H. (Kyungpook National Univ., Taegu (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine)
Chorioptic mange in a flock of goats in Brazil
1991
Pereira, M. de C. | Traldi, A. de S.