In this study 87 fish feed samples were randomly collected from feed mills and fish farming establishments from 14 provinces in Turkey to determine the occurrence of total aflatoxin (AF) and total fumonisin contamination. The quantitative analysis of total AF and total fumonisin of the samples was carried out using commercial kits. The samples were analysed by microplate reader. Total AF residues were found in 86 (98.85%) of 87 analyzed samples. The avarage value for total AF (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) in positive samples was found as 8.776±4.178 µg/kg ranged from 1.023-17.566 µg/kg, and these values were found to be less than the recommended level 20 ppb (Food Drug Administration). Total fumonisin (B1, B2, B3) residues were found in 49 (56.98%) of 86 samples analysed. The avarage value for total fumonisin in positive samples was found as 0.3028±0.2584 mg/kg ranged from 0.0107-0.9278 mg/kg. These values were below the tolerable limit of 10 ppm for fumonisin (B1, B2) announced by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in Turkey. It was suggested that although mycotoxin residues were detected in the collected feeds, these values remained below the tolerable values.

Mycotoxins are fungal metabolic byproducts that can contaminate animal feedand human food. To investigate the incidence of mycotoxins in poultry feed inSulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq, 173 samples of feed (n =150) and feed ingredients(n = 23) were collected from 49 poultry farms and feed mills. The samples wereanalyzed to quantitatively determine the existence of five mycotoxins, namelyaflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, T-2, and zearalenone, using specific kits. All thetested samples contained ochratoxin at concentrations ranging between 1.0 and 6.0μg/kg and averaging 3.4 ± 0.1 μg/kg. About 94.8% of the feed and feed ingredientsamples contained a minimum of four mycotoxins in different concentrations. Thereis a need to understand the cumulative toxic effects better when several mycotoxinsoccur in animal feed, which may result in issuing new regulations about the maximumallowed concentrations of mycotoxins in feedstuff.