BACKGROUND: Probiotics, in form of microbial supplements, are known to be a suitable alternative for antibiotics and can affect the health indicators of host. Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the combined effects of dietary autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger on haematological and serumbiochemicalparameters of beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles. Methods: This study was based on a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates on beluga juveniles with average weight of (mean ±SE) 31.8±2.81g. Beluga Juveniles were divided randomly into 12 fiber glassy tanks with density of 30 fish per tank and were fed with diet contain dietary probiotic with density of 2×106 (Cells/g) for the first treatment, 4×106 (Cells/g) for the second treatment, 6×106 (Cells/g) for the third treatment and basal diet without probiotic for the control group for 8 weeks. Results: Diet supplementing with concentration of 6×106 (Cells/g), significantly improved serum biochemical parameters (p<0.05), however hematological parameters were affected by supplemented diet with probiotics that showed no significant difference in comparison with the control group (p>0.05). Also results indicate that growth factors were improved in experimental treatments in comparison with the control group. Conclusions: The results showed that the use of combination of these species with studied concentrations can improve the performance of some biochemical parameters such metabolites factors, immune, enzymes and serum electrolytes of belugajuveniles. It is recommended that the concentration of A. niger and S. cerevisiae, used for third treatment be used as an immune stimulator for beluga juveniles.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Haemonchus contortus infection on rams’ haematological, biochemical and clinical parameters and reproductive performances. A total number of 12 Barbarine rams (control and infected) were included in the experiment. The infected group received 30 000 H. contortus third-stage larvae orally. Each ram’s ejaculate was immediately evaluated for volume, sperm cell concentration and mortality rate. At the end of the experiment (day 82 post-infection), which lasted 89 days, serial blood samples were collected in order to assess plasma testosterone and luteinising hormone (LH) concentrations. There was an effect of time, infection and their interaction on haematological parameters (p < 0.001). In infected rams, haematocrit, red blood cell count and haemoglobin started to decrease from 21 days post-infection. There was an effect of time and infection for albumin. For total protein, only infection had a statistically significant effect. For glucose, only time had a statistically significant effect. Concentrations were significantly lower in infected rams compared to control animals. A significant effect of infection and time on sperm concentrations and sperm mortality was observed. The effect of infection appears in time for sperm concentrations at days 69 and 76 post-infection. Sperm mortality rate was significantly higher in infected animals at day 46 post-infection when compared to control group (p < 0.05). Finally, plasma testosterone traits (average concentration, cumulated levels during the sampling period and pulse frequency) were depressed in infected rams when compared to control counterparts; none of these endocrine traits were affected for plasma LH.

Whippets are traditionally trained to compete in lure coursing. While in humans and horses, training is routinely monitored by special tests, this is not carried out in the training of whippets. The aim of this study was to check if laboratory tests designed for racehorses could be useful in monitoring whippets training for lure coursing.

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in haematological parameters and the antioxidant system in the early and late pregnancy of red deer (Cervus elaphus).

Although peripheral blood analysis has become increasingly automated, microscopy is the only available method for the diagnosis of anisocytosis and poikilocytosis. The aims of the study were to compare RBC volume data obtained with two different analysers and by manual assessment of smears and to compare this data between dogs in various stages of heart failure secondary to degenerative mitral valvular (DMV) disease. The impact of diuretic administration on RBC morphology was also assessed.

The study was conducted on 20 clinically healthy stallions, aged 3-4 years. The evaluation of the degree of adaptation of stallions to exercise loads in the course of a 100-d training programme was conducted three times: (I) - on the 1st d of training, (II) - on the 46th d of training, and (III) - on the 97th d of training. Rectal temperature (T) and number of heart and respiratory rates were measured. Blood was sampled before exercise (1), after exercise (2), and 30 min after rest (3). The following indices were determined in the blood: concentration of haemoglobin, haematocrit level, number of red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and platelets. Post-exertion changes in the evaluated indicators showed moderate intensity to the applied loads with respect to functional potential of tested horses. The effect of the standard 100-d training was to stimulate the body's adaptation to functional tasks, which was evidenced, among others, by lower variability of post-exertion T and the number of red blood cells. The highest T increase was found at the beginning of the programme (about 2.1%), whereas during the subsequent studies (II and III) it was significantly (P<0.05) lower (0.98% and 0.84%, respectively). The variability in red blood cell count in the course of training showed a downward trend (16.4%, 13.7%, and 11.0%, respectively). The results confirm the relatively low exercise loads and good health of young stallions during the 100-d performance test.

The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between cystatin C (Cys-C) and some hematologic and biochemical parameters in neonatal calves diarrhea. Materials and In this research the animal material of the study was obtained from different breeds, genders and ages (0-30 days) 10 samples have been taken from healthy neonatal calves and 22 samples from diarrhea calves which didn′t received any medicine. Otherwise, the general examination has been done for all the calves. The levels of hematologic, biochemical and blood gas have been determind for both healthy calves and neonatal calves diarrhea.Results: Depending on the control group, we have observed that the neonatal calves diarrhea hematologic parameters WBC, Neu, Hct, Hb levels (p<0.05) and biochemical parameter BUN (p<0.01) and Cr (p<0.05) level statistically have been increased. On the other hand, Alb (p<0.05) and glucose (p<0.01) levels have been decreased. In term of blood gas analysis and depending on the control group the level of K+ (p<0.05) has been increased, the levels of pH, pO2 and base (p<0.05) have been decreased. We evaluate the Cys-C level in the neonatal calves diarrhea and we have found that Cys-C level is statistically increased this was detected comparing to the control group (p <0.01).In this research the obtained level of Cys-C can be used as normal for calves; statistically there is no relationship between Cys-C and some of the hematologic and biochemical parameters, the Cys-C level in the calves diarrhea is an important parameter it can be used to determine the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease; but still much more research about the topic should be done.

This report describes atypical chronic trypanosomosis in a three year male Spitz dog. Fever, lethargy and anorexia were the early presenting signs without any hemato-biochemical abnormality. Peripheral blood smear examination was non-diagnostic on three consecutive times. Trypanosma evansi was confirmed in the Leishman stained thin blood smears (moderate parasetemia) on fourth parasitological examination. Biochemical profile showed a remarkable elevation in total serum bilirubin (6.7 mg%) and activities of alanine amino transferase (ALT) (950 IU/L) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (1050 IU/L) after a month. Anemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia suggestive of bone marrow depression appeared by about 73 days of presentation of case. A rapid complete clinical recovery occurred within a week after treatment with quinapiramine sulphate and chloride combination @ 3.5mg/kg bwt. Hemoglobin, leucocyte and thrombocyte count improved within six days, however, liver enzyme activity normalized slowly over three months.

Newcastle and Influenza diseases are important viral diseases and its occurrence and virulence in Iran has increased in recent years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune responses of chickens vaccinated with inactivated dual oil emulsion Newcastle disease and avian influenza vaccine in two methods of intramuscular and subcutaneous injection as well as to assess the possible changes in serum biochemical factors. In this study, after subcutaneous and intramuscular inoculation of inactivated dual oil emulsion Newcastle-Influenza vaccine, the serum antibody level and hematobiochemical factors of these avian were analyzed on 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after vaccine injection.The results showed that the values of biochemical parameters such as albumin, glucose, total protein, triglyceride, cholesterol, ALT, AST, and ALP enzymes, sodium and potassium minerals, and hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in vaccinated and non-vaccinated chickens were not significantly different. Also, in chickens injected with antigen, Newcastle disease and influenza antibody titers were significantly different with those groups containing adjuvant.The results of this study indicate that the intramuscular and subcutaneous injection of dual combination vaccine is similar in terms of changes in biochemical and hematological factors and Newcastle disease and influenza antibody titers. To ensure safety in inactivated vaccines, the presence of proper adjuvant is essential for immune response.

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in some biochemical and haematological parameters due to liver damage caused by parasites in sheep infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum. The study was conducted on 10 healthy sheep and 60 sheep infected with D. dendriticum. After the blood was taken from the sheep brought to the slaughterhouse in Van Municipality, the liver and gall bladder were examined after the slaughter, and the blood of sheep infected with D. dendriticum was brought to the laboratory and examined for some haematological and biochemical parameters.As a result of the examination, some changes were observed in the biochemical and haematological parameters. In statistical analysis: Haematologically compared with the healthy group of sheep infected with D. dentriticum; WBC, Neu, Eo and Mon values were higher than the control group's values, while RBC, Hct, Hb and MCV values were lower and no significant change was found in the Lym level. Results of biochemical parameters of sheep infected with D. dentriticum according to statistical analysis; ALT, AST and GGT values were higher than of the health group sheep, while serum TP, Alb and glucose values were found than lower.As a result; WBC, Neu, Eo, Mon, ALT, AST and GGT levels in infected sheep due to dicrocoeliasis which cause important pathological disorders in liver that have functions such as synthesis, metabolism and detoxification in the organism were found to be significantly higher compared to the same values of the healthy group. It is predicted that these parameters may be useful in determining the degree and prognosis of liver damage and will shed light on the studies to be performed in this field.