Research of possibility of application of sapropel (putrid mud) of the Chervonnoe lake (the Republic of Belarus) in diets of bred and milking sows as one of the ingredients of mixed fodders, as well as the evaluation of its influence of sow development and digestibility of nutritive elements were studied. Application of dry sapropel a source of energy, protein, mineral and vitamin nutritive elements for mixed fodder production rendered the positive influence on sows productive qualities: there was stated the increased number of born piglets on o,5 heads with a higher growing capacity; there was noted the increasing of coefficients of nutritive elements metabolism (crude protein – on 2,7%, crude fat – on 2,9%, free-nitrogen extracts – on 1,3%, and dietary fibre – jn 4,7%) with the simultaneous increasing of nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous uptake by sows. Nutritional value of the analysed sapropel was 0,23 fodder units and 3,13 MJ of exchange energy per 1 kg of dry matter. Inclusion of 3% sapropel into mixed fodders for pregnant and suckling sows promoted the increasing of quantity of pigs at a birth, body weight of one pig to 3-week age and has ensured young growth with higher energy of growth. Use of sapropel in mixed fodders for sows makes active a metabolism and promotes increase of digestibility of the basic nutrients of a rations

Application of protein, vitamin and mineral supplement in diets of 1-3 months old calves in rate of 5% per weight instead of a part of sunflower cake, containing rape, peas, lupin and vitamid on a basis of halites, phosphite, phosphate, sapropel and a mineral-vitamin preparation in structure of grain forage against winter rations on the basis of rich in herbs hay (5%), milk (68%), mixed fodder (20%), whole grain (7%), and also summer rations with grass and legume mixture (7%), hay (1%), milk (65%), mixed fodder (20%), integral grain (7%) makes it possible to receive daily average weight gain of calves at level 833-867 grams at expenses of forages for 1 centner of weight gain on 3,3-3,4 сentner of forage units. Introduction into rations of the protein, vitamin and mineral supplement on the basis of local protein and mineral raw materials in number of 10% per weight in structure of mixed fodder for calves at the age of 3-6 months old against the background of winter diets with haylage (28%), mixed fodder (64%), molasses (8%), as well as summer diets with grass and legume mixture (30%), mixed fodders (66%), molasses (4%) makes it possible to receive daily average weight gains of calves on 944-967grams at expenses of forages of 4,0-4,1 сentner of forage units. Feeding of 1-6 months old calves with mixed fodders with inclusion of 5-10% of protein, vitamin and mineral supplement per weight with grain high-protein crops against the background of winter and summer diets with a ratio of the deconjugate protein to the non deconjugate one - 65:35 (in control group - 71:29) instead of sunflower cake makes it possible to receive the daily average weight gain at the level of 900-927 grams at expenses of forages 3,7-3,8 сentner per forage unit. Cost of presented mixed fodders decreases on 14%, and the cost price per 1 centner gain - on 7-8%

Improvement of the standards of energy and protein diets of young stock cattle of 1-6 month old and determination of its influence on animal productivity was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The studied made it possible to determine that at the age of 1 month the calf diet should contain 1,02 kg of dry matter and 21,2 MJ of metabolic energy; at the age of 2 months - 1,26 kg and 23,5 MJ; at the age of 3 months - 2,2 kg and 25,6 MJ; at the age of 4 months - 2,9 kg and 31 MJ; at the age of 5 months - 3,28 kg and 34,2 MJ; at the age of 6 months - 3,76 kg and 37,6 MJ, respectively. Metabolic energy concentration per 1 kg of dry matter should not be lower than 20,7 MJ at the first month, 19 MJ - at the second month, after the third month it should lower up to 10 MJ. In course of 6 months the presented diet scheme made it possible get 832 g of average weight gain in the conditions of forage expenses of 3,52 forage units per 1 kg

The research directed on perfection of a cattle protein food system, taking into account its fractional structure, and also establishment of objective indicators of an estimation of forage protein nutrient density, have great value. It is established, that for young growth of cattle of 4-6 months of age the optimum parity of decomposable and un-decomposable protein in rations corresponds to size 68:32, allowed to raise digestibility of nutrients on 3-4%, nitrogen adjournment in an organism of animals on 10% and daily average a gain on 4% in comparison with parity 80:20. The optimum parity of fractional structure of protein makes positive impact on oxidation-reduction processes in organism to what testifies morphological-biochemical structure of blood. Thus concentration of crude protein raises on 1,7%, urea quantity decreases on 23%. The least cost price of a gain has appeared in group with a parity of decomposable and un-decomposable protein in rations 68:32, or it is better on 4,4% than an indicator of group with a parity 80:20%

Research of the influence of biologically active preparations of natural origin on zoological indices and quality of animal products was studied by the example of their application in broiler chicken diets in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. On the basis of realized research it was established, that application of biologically active substances immunoamplifier Alveozan, probiotic Dialakt, probiotic Bifidoflorin liquid, prebiotic Biofon and prebiotic Biofon AIL (produced in the Republic of Belarus) did not render negative effect on quality of animal products (all studied meat samples had high quality). The received results testify to necessity of complex application of the above-stated preparations. Application of biologically active preparations made it possible to increase livability of growing birds on 100%, average live weight increase from 1,9 up to 5,1%, daily average weight gain - from 1,9 up to 5,1%, improvement of feed conversion ratio - from 18,3 up to 21%. All studied biologically active preparations made it possible to restore the physiological environment in poultry intestines, normal flora, to suppress the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The above mentioned preparations could be applied both with preventive, and with the medical purposes

Determination of the efficiency of young fat stock feeding with wet rolled maize grain which was preserved by means of different preparations was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The following preserving agents were applied: HV-2 (by- product of amino-formaldehyde resin); AIV 3 Plus (mixture of 62% formic acid and 24% ammonium formate; KEMIRA, Finland); carbamide (30 kg/t) with 40 g/t of complex mineral supplement. Feeding of young fat stock with rolled maize grains preserved by NV-2 promoted the increasing of nutrient digestibility on 1,5-5,0%, nitrogen use - on 2% in comparison with control. Application of rolled maize grain preserved with AIV-3Plus and carbamide with the complex mineral supplement made it possible to increase the digestibility of nutrients on 1,0-4,8% and nitrogen use - on 1,6-1,7%. Introduction of rolled maize grain preserved with NV-2 into rations of bull calves increased their productivity on 4,7% (P less than 0,05) with the simultaneous lowering of forage expenses on 1,9%. Application rolled maize grains preserved with AIV-3Plus made it possible to increase daily average weight gain on 3,8% and lower the forages expenses on 2,6%. Use preserved with NV-2 and AIV-3Plus rolled maize grains in rations of young fat stock lowered the production cost price on 11,9% and 10,8% that proved the efficiency of the studied fodder

Evaluation of maize (Zea mays) silage prepared in combination with biological preserving agent Laktotim and calculation of its economic efficiency were realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Application of Laktotim rendered positive influence on forage dry matter content, on nutritive substance safety, and made it possible to increase the organoleptic indicators of silage. Use of the maize silage prepared with the preservative in a cow ration has positively affected their dairy efficiency. Cow milk yields have raised on 4,5%. Application of the preparation for silage making of green maize mass proved to be economically worth. The realized toxicological estimation of biological preserving agent Laktotim did not reveal any signs of preparation toxicity. Introduction of the preparation into mice stomach in a single maximum dose (25000 mg/kg; 12500; 5000 mg/kg of body weight), as well as application of the preparation in mixture with water in ratio which in 100 and 200 times exceeded the standard ratio in plant green mass, did not cause destruction of experimental animals. According to classifications of All-Union State Standard 12.1.007-76, the preparation Laktotim belongs to the4 class of danger - low-hazardous substances (LD50 over 5000 mg/kg)

Nowadays in connection with an interdiction for antibiotics use in animal feeding it is very actual to work out and apply new forms of probiotic preparations which should be as ecologically safe and harmless both to people and animal products. Probiotics make it possible to improve the digestibility of nutritive substances of forages, normalize metabolism, enrich with biologically active substances that promotes the increasing of their productivity. In the Republic of Belarus the probiotics are produced in the obviously insufficient quantity that creates problems of young stock livability. Influence of application of Akozil and Sublicin probiotics in diets of suckling calves on biochemical parameters of blood serum was analysed. It was stated that use of the analysed probiotics made it possible to decrease the level of urea and total cholesterol, to increase of the total protein content in blood serum of the experimental calves. There was noted the increasing of glucose level in blood serum of calves fed with Akozil. There was marked the tendency of more optimal level of calcium and phosphorus in calves having Sublicin in their diets. The obtained results testified the normalization of metabolic processes taking place in calves which were fed by the mentioned above probiotics

In the conditions of biogeochemical zone of the Republic of Belarus the most important role in mineral metabolism is played by such major mineral elements as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements - cobalt, cupper, iron, iodine, zinc, manganese, and selenium. Based on the above there was determined the interrelation between the content of these minerals in fodder and blood of milking and dry pregnant cows. As a result of realized study it was found out that the content of major mineral elements and trace elements in fodder did not always correspond to their level in blood. In the conditions of insufficient supply of Ca, F, Mg, K, Fe, Си and Co in cow diets, the level of potassium in blood was lower standard and the other analysed minerals were within the standard limits. There was stated the direct correlation relationship between the level of some biochemical indices and content of mineral substances in cow diets. Positive correlation was stated between the content of calcium and magnesium and cholesterin level in blood

Traditional raw materials in Belarus for mixed fodders production are wheat, barley, oats, rye, peas, lupine, sunflower and rape cakes, bran. However, productive action of these forages is limited because of presence of antinutritious factors and the raised cellulose content. In the Republic of Belarus there was organized production of national enzyme fodder additive Fekord 2004. Peculiar feature of the presented enzyme complex was addition of into its structure of enzyme glucoamylase, promoting hydrolytic starch splitting, and accordingly, the increasing of absorbency of difficult carbohydrates of forages. It was especially important for stores at early stages. Thereupon it was expedient to study the efficiency of application specified multienzyme composition in diets of growing and fattened stores. It was established, that enrichment of mixed fodder with the analysed fodder fermental additive at the rate of 0,13 and 0,15 kg per ton of mixed fodder made it possible to increase the growth rate of pigs and lower charges for forages per unit of body weight gain. Higher economic return on the fodder enzymic additive an additional gain of body weight appeared at its introduction in quantity of 0,15 kg per ton of mixed fodder