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Approaches to increase recovery of bacterial and fungal abortion agents in domestic ruminants
2023
Jonker, Annelize(University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases) | Thompson, Peter N.(University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Production Animal Studies) | Michel, Anita L.(University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases)
Abortions in domestic ruminants cause significant economic losses to farmers. Determining the cause of an abortion is important for control efforts, but it can be challenging. All available diagnostic methods in the bacteriology laboratory should be employed in every case due to the many limiting factors (autolysis, lack of history, range of samples) that complicate the investigation process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the recovery of diagnostically significant isolates from domestic ruminant abortion cases could be increased through the use of a combination of the existing aerobic culture and Brucella selective method with methods that are commonly recommended in the literature reporting abortion investigations. These methods are examination of wet preparations and impression smears stained by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen method, anaerobic, microaerophilic, Leptospira, Mycoplasma and fungal culture. Samples of placenta and aborted foetuses from 135 routine clinical abortion cases of cattle (n = 88), sheep (n = 25) and goats (n = 22) were analysed by the new combination of methods. In 46 cases, bacteria were identified as aetiological agents and in one case a fungus. Isolation of Brucella species increased to 7.4% over two years compared with the previous 10 years (7.3%), as well as Campylobacter jejuni (n = 2) and Rhizopus species (n = 1). Salmonella species (5.9%) and Trueperella pyogenes (4.4%) were also isolated more often. In conclusion, the approach was effective in removing test selection bias in the bacteriology laboratory. The importance of performing an in-depth study on the products of abortion by means of an extensive, combination of conventional culture methods was emphasised by increased isolation of Brucella abortus and isolation of C. jejuni. The combination of methods that yielded the most clinically relevant isolates was aerobic, microaerophilic, Brucella and fungal cultures.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Rift Valley fever virus in small ruminants in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
2019
Tshilenge, Georges M.(University of Kinshasa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Preclinical Medicine) | Mulumba, Mfumu L.K(University of Kinshasa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Medicine) | Misinzo, Gerald(Sokoine University of Agriculture Department of Microbiology and Parasitology) | Noad, Rob(Royal Veterinary College London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences) | Dundon, William G.(Joint Food and Agriculture Orginazation/ International Atomic Energy Agency Animal Production and Health Laboratory ,International Atomic Energy Agency Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications)
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the RVF phlebovirus (RVFV) that infects a variety of animal species including sheep and goats. Sera (n = 893) collected between 2013 and 2015 from randomly selected indigenous sheep and goats in seven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) were tested for the presence of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) against RVFV, using two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was also used to detect RVFV nucleic acid. There was significant variation in true seroprevalence of RVFV for both sheep and goats between the seven provinces investigated. Values ranged from 0.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0-6.55) to 23.81 (95% CI 12.03-41.76) for goat and 0.0 (95% CI 0.0-7.56) to 37.11 (95% CI 15.48-65.94) for sheep, respectively. One serum (1.85%) out of 54 that tested positive for IgG was found to be IgM-positive. This same sample was also positive by RT-PCR indicating an active or recent infection. These findings report the presence of RVFV in small ruminants in the DRC for the first time and indicate variations in exposure to the virus in different parts of the country.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]A review of the infectious diseases of African wild ruminants
2001
Worthington, R.W. | Bigalke, R.D.
The use of sucrose-acetone-extracted Rift Valley fever virus antigen derived from cell culture in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and haemagglutination-inhibition test
1995
Paweska, J.T. | Barnard, B.J.H. | Williams, R. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.)
The detection of antibodies cross-reacting with Cowdria ruminantium in the sera of domestic ruminants in regions of South Africa where Amblyomma hebraeum does not occur
1994
Du Plessis, J.L. | Boersema, B.R. | Van Strijp, M.F. (Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst. (South Africa). Protozoology Div.)
The role of fluorescence polarization immuno-assay in the diagnosis of plant-induced cardiac glycoside poisoning livestock in South Africa
Schultz, R.A. | Kellerman, T.S. | Van den Berg, H.(Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Research Inst.)
Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody against Rift Valley fever virus in domestic and wild ruminant sera
2003
Paweska, J.T. | Smith, S.J. | Wright, I.M. | Williams, R. | Cohen, A.S. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.) | Van Dijk, A.A. | Grobbelaar, A.A. | Croft, J.E. | Swanepoel, R. | Gerdes, G.H.
Development of a diagnostic one-tube RT-PCR for the detection of Rift Valley fever virus
2002
Espach, A. | Romito, M. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.) | Nel, L.H. | Viljoen, G.J.
A chemically defined medium for the growth of Cowdria ruminantium
2001
Zweygarth, E. | Josemans, A.I. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.)
Cowdria ruminantium DNA is unstable in a SuperCos 1 library
1999
Brayton, K.A. | De Villiers, E.P. | Fehrsen, J. | Nxomani, C. | Collins, N.E. | Allsopp, B.A. (Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort (South Africa). Onderstepoort Veterinary Inst.)