A total of one hundred samples of marketed fish farm; 25each of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Mugil cephalus, Carp (Silver) and fry; were collected from different localities at Al- Behera and Kafr El-Shakh Provinces. The samples were examined for detection of testosterone hormone by Thin Layer chromatography (TLC) as well as it was quantitatively assayed by Radio-Immuno-Assay (RIA). The obtained result revealed that the testosterone residues were detected in flesh of farm fish of Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotocus) and Carp (Silver), each constituting 24% and 4 %; respectively but it could be failed to detect in each of Mugil cephalus and fry. The hormonal residues of testosterone was ranged from 3.25 to 34.9 ng/g with mean value 4.22±1.1 ng/g in positive samples of Tilapia, while only one sample of Carp showed 22.0 ng/g, Mugil cephalus and Fry showed no detectable level of hormonal residues. The public health significance of detectable levels was discussed as well as the recommendations to avoid health hazards from such fish were mentioned.

The present study was designed to investigate the sedative anaesthetic activity of a combination of Xylazine (X), Fentanyl (F) and Ketamine (K) in local domestic pigeons. Twelve pigeons of either sex were used. The combination of (X) and (K) were administered as pre-medication to induce sedation. Fiften minutes, after (X+F) administration, (K) was injected. All drugs were injected into the pectoral muscles. The anaesthetic effect of these drugs was reversed by injection of Yohambine (Y) and Naloxone (N) combination subcutaneously. The sedative and anesthetic activity of the (X+F-K) combination and, alterations in heart rate (RR), Respiratory rate (RR) and cloacal temperature (CT) were investigated at 10 minute before (X+F) injection, 10 and 15 minute after (X+F) administration, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 minutes, after (K) injection and at 1, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45 and 60 minutes after (Y+N) injection. The HR, RR and CT of pigeon decreased within 10 minute after (X+F) injection and remained lower until its improvement after (Y-N) injection. The drugs combination used in this study produced a satisfactory general anaesthesia in ten of the twelve pigeons. The (Y-N) combination was an effective reverse that provide safe recovery from this anaesthetic protocol in pigeons.

The isolate of Alternaria alternata that isolated from soil produced extracellularsecondary metabolites (Mycotoxin) of carbohydrate with reducing nature which hadinhibitory effect against Gm positive & Gm negative standard and pathogenic bacteria insolid media. Three types of media Malt Extract Agar (MEA), Potato Dextrose Agar(PDA) and Potato Carrot Agar (PCA) can be using as solid or liquid media for productionthis mycotoxin. The mycotoxin extracted from free cell supernatant by simple extractionmethod using ethanol 90%. The cytotoxicity of extracted mycotoxin against human bloodcells (RBCs) was (25) ppm. The acute toxicity of extracted toxin as determined by LD50of laboratory mice was 150 mg/kg.

It was found that 0.1gm of para-aminophenyl mercuric acetate PAPMA dissolved in 10ml of distilled water added in to,Muller-Hinton agar, inhibited the growth of four standard strains bacteria [E.coli ATCC25922, S.aureus ATCC 25923, P.aeruginosa ATCC27853 and S.aureus NCTC6571] and four clinical strains bacteria positive and negative to gram stain [Klebsiella sp.,from blood isolate , E.coli, from stool isolate, Staphylococcus sp., from blood isolate, and Proteus sp.,from urine isolate]. Higher concentrations of PAPMA solution in to the medium inhibited growth of bacteria under study more strongly. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and cytotoxicity of PAPMA were studied against human blood and it was found that it has no hemolytic in RBCs for human in 1– 5µg/ml. The acute toxicity LD50 of PAPMA was studied and it was about 11.3mg/Kg.

A study was conducted during the autumn of 2000 with sheep fed on pasture from areas very near to the military operations yards in which bombs containing depleted uranium were used during 1991 war. These areas were:Safwan, Zubair, North Rumaila, tanks grave yards and Sanam Mountain. 18 samples were collected from sheep grazed in these areas Tow methods were used to measure the Radioactive nucleosides in the blood; Lyoluminescence and Track detectors methods, so that blood samples were divided into radiated and non radiated. Results of the hematological evaluation showed no significant difference between radiated and non radiated samples in Hb, PCY, and RBC. Insignificant increase was noticed in total and differential leukocytes of radiated blood samples-The biochemical parameters were also insignificantly changed in radiated blood samples as compared with those obtained from non radiated animals. These includes; total protein, cholesterol .Blood serum enzymes showed significant decreased in Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) , while no such changes were observed in, Alaninaminotransferase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphates (ALP)

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of human chorionic gonadotophic (HCG), 17β-estradiol and hydrocortisone on some blood parameters and body weight in female rabbits. Twenty local rabbits were subdivided randomly and equally into four groups . The1st group used as control . The 2nd group was injected daily (30 IU /kg B.W) HCG intramuscularly . The 3rd group was injected subcutaneously daily with 0.1 mg /kg B.W s/c 17 β-estradiol and the 4th group was injected daily 0.1 mg /kg B.W intramuscularly hydrocortisone. After five weeks blood serum was tested for total Cholesterol, HDL(height density lipo-protein), LDL (low density lipo- protein),TG (triglycerides), total protein and pH. Body weight was taken dialy from first day . The results showed that the administration of HCG raised high significantly LDL(p>0.01) while total Cholesterol , TG, glucose failed to reach the significant level, .However HCG significantly lowered HDL (p>0.01) Total protein and body weight were decreased with no change in blood pH compared with the control group. The treatment with 17β-estradiol decreased the level of cholesterol , , TG and lowered significantly HDL(p 0.05 >and increased significantly LDL (p > ( 0.05. Glucose and total protein were increased with no significant effect on body weight and pH compared with the control group. While hydrocortisone increased ,HDL ,TG ,LDL and glucose and decreased cholesterol and total protein level moreover body weight and pH did n,t effected

Trocarization was used for diagnosis of sheep sarcocystosis for the first time with current study by using human biopsy needle. The obtained samples exposed to recommended sarcocystosis diagnosis techniques ( Trichinoscopy, Post trichinoscopy drop examination , Peptic digestion method and histopathlogical method ) . Out of eleven biopsy samples ( taken from the oblique muscles of the left flank )Trichinoscopy was the less sensitive ( 7/11 ) , Post trichinoscopy drop examination ( 9/11 and lately the most efficient methods which are Peptic digestion ( 11/11) and histopathological method (3/3 ). The biopsy technique showed to be suitable for sarcocystosis diagnosis in sheep without any effects on the live of the animals which make it the preferable method for advance researchs.

The present study was conducted on (40) white mice of approximately the same age (4-6 weeks) and body weight (23-25 gm) for the aim of observing the histopathological changes for male and female reproductive organs due to prolonged treatment (6 months) with anticancer chemotherapeutic agent namely methotrexate.Forty mice were divided into 4 groups (10 mice of each group 5 mice per sex). The first group (low or therapeutic dose group ) was received 0.15 mg/kg B.W. The second group ( intermediate dose group ) received 0.3 mg/kg B.W. The third group ( toxic dose group ) received 0.45 mg/kg B.W. the fourth group was a control group; it received 0.2 ml buffered physiological saline.All these groups injected intramuscularly, once weekly for 6 months. The results showed that methotrexate can cause suppression of spermatogenesis. In female, methotrexate can cause obvious pathological changes in uteri and ovaries such as reduced endometrial glands and ovarian follicles respectively

The effect of hepatic glutathione (GSH) depletion and enzymes Induction on hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST’s) activity, biliary excretion of GSH cadmium, zinc was studied in rats. The GSH depletor Methyl Iodide did not Influence hepatic GST activity but depending on the substrate used , Phenobarbital benzopyeren increased it by 50-60% , 20-30% respectively GSH depletor decreased (60%) , benzopyrene did not effect Phenobarbital increase(90%) the transport of GSH into bile.The biliary excretion of cadmium and zinc was reduced by methyl iodide depletor (52-65%) and enhanced by Phenobarbital (99- 110)% . treatment with benzopyrene did not affect the excretion of zinc into bile ,but decreased that of cadmium, these result do not provide evidence for the role of hepatic GST but support the importance of biliary GSH excretion in the hepatobiliary transport of cadmium & zinc . It is assumed that Phenobarbital enhance the biliary excretion of metals by increasing the transport of GSH as a chemical complexation (cadmium-glutathione, zinc-glutathion) while the benzopyrene was less effect .

The present study was done to investigate the ability of tracheal allograft transplantation in adult dogs and evaluate the health condition of the outcome of the allograft transplantation respect of the healing. Tow groups of adult dogs (each group 4 dogs) were used as both donors and recipients. A rectangle tracheal allograft was transplanted in recipient dog and fixed by suturing, gross evaluation showed that there are no signs of tracheal stenosis or any complication like difficult breathing and blood stained coughing, the animals remained in good health through out the procedure. Histopathological examination one moth after transplantation revealed prominent cartilage enclosed by fibrosis and absence of any infiltration of inflammatory cells while histopathological finding 2 months after operation showed sub epithelial fibrosis and presence of cartilage. This will give indication that tracheal allograft can be used as tissue replacement for treatment of tracheal defects.