A postpartum graded Murrah buffalo that calved 25 days before was presented with a history of swelling of the perianal region immediately after parturition. On examination, ventral anal region was found to be enlarged with a pouch that contained around 1.5 kg of dung. The buffalo was given caudal epidural anaesthesia and the perianal mucous membrane was scarified and sutured. Postoperatively antibiotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-histamine were given for 5 days and animal exhibited normal defecation without straining. The correction of unusual case of peri-partum third degree perineal laceration associated with rectal-vaginal fistula and rectal pouch formation in a graded Murrah buffalo, its management and successful recovery is reported.

A primiparous Jersey cow was brought in lateral recumbency with the history of straining and past occurrence of antepartum prolapse a week before. Vaginal examination revealed incomplete two finger cervical dilatation with a very thin cervical rim. Cervicotomy was performed to remove the live male fetus and the animal recovered uneventfully.

Parasitic infestation is the primary aetiology of anaemia in goats. Chronic parasitic infestation being the most common cause for severe anaemia in addition to the elimination of aetiology, supportive therapy is necessary for the early regain of normal physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters. The present study was conducted at the Veterinary clinical complex, Veterinary College, Bidar. Six severely anaemic goats were selected for the present study to know the efficacy of iron sucrose as supportive therapy. Rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate were recorded as per the standard procedures. Haemato-biochemical parameters were estimated on day 0 and day 15 of post therapy as per the standard procedures. Goats were promptly treated for the primary complaint, dipped, and dewormed to eliminate the Endecto parasites. Selected goats were supplemented with 50 mg of iron sucrose on every alternate day four times in 100 mL normal saline solution by slow intravenous route. A significant (p< 0.05) improvement was observed in physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters after 15 days of post therapy. 

A study was conducted on Soviet chinchilla rabbits (n=28) with mange infestation at Rabbit Breeding Unit, Post Graduate Research Institute in Animal Sciences, Kattupakkam, Tamil Nadu. The infested rabbits evinced the symptoms of alopecia, anorexia, pruritus, skin erosion, and dry crust like lesions on extremities, ears, nose, and face. The affected rabbits were grouped into four groups (7 for each group) for different therapeutic treatments along with antihistamine and vitamin supplementation for a period of 4 weeks with weekly intervals. It was established that treatment group 4 was successful in curative and early revival of mange infestation.

Aflatoxins are produced in poultry feed by two major fungal species viz., Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus during hot and humid seasons. To detoxify these aflatoxins, various binders are being used in the field which are mostly synthetic compounds with possible other toxicities, the harmless beneficial probiotics are being considered as binders to neutralize the effect of aflatoxins in the feed. Bacterial organisms (probiotics) like Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were selected and their cell wall structures have been retrieved and molecular docking was performed against four types of aflatoxins namely AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2. The results revealed that cell wall components of the chosen bacterial organisms have a good binding affinity towards four types of aflatoxins. Based on this in silico results, it is evident that the both the lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and wall teichoic acid (TA) in the cell wall of probiotic organisms is responsible for its binding against aflatoxins.

The diseases in poultry cause huge losses in the form of mortality in acute infections or as substandard performance due to chronic illness. Biosecurity and vaccination are considered as two important primary strategies for disease prevention in poultry. On the other hand, breeding for disease resistance is an alternate strategy to combat the damages of diseases. Although, attempts were initiated to develop disease resistant poultry by breeding almost a century before, this branch of science renewed the interest among scientists because of catastrophic emerging and reemerging diseases like Avian influenza. It has proven over a period of time that poultry  exhibits genetic resistance to viral diseases like avian leukosis complex, Marek’s disease, avian influenza and Newcastle disease, bacterial disease like salmonellosis and may parasitic infestations. The key genes responsible for resistance to specific diseases have also been demonstrated. The breeding attempts for developing disease resistant poultry has yielded positive results with varying degree of success. The advent of sophisticated molecular methods like genomic selection using highdensity SNP chips, RNA-seq technique and identification of key marker genes and transgenesis could complement the conventional breeding methods to a larger extent in developing disease resistant poultry.

The possibility of production of hormone-free all male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in F2  generation, through the production of YY super males in F1 generation, was investigated in the present study. Feminization of Nile tilapia was carried out using the hormone, 17 beta estradiol at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg concentrations, orally through feed. The hormone enhanced the growth significantly (p<0.05) both in terms of length (55.39±0.67 cm) and weight (55.39±0.67 g) at 300 mg/kg feed when compared to other treatments and control. With the increasing concentrations (300 mg/kg) of the hormone, the survival rate decreased significantly (p<0.05) to 62±1.53%. The feminization rates increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the hormone, with the highest feminization percentage of 98.27±0.87% observed at 300 mg/kg concentration of the hormone. Two fish from F generation with the PIT tag numbers 81 and 88 produced all male progeny which was confirmed through morphological examination. The genotype of these two YY supermales was re-confirmed through molecular genotyping with the help of primers amhX1+36 and amhdY+5 DNA markers, specific to X and Y chromosomes, respectively using RAPD-PCR.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different levels of dried capsicum powder on the quality characteristics of chicken koftas. The capsicum dried powder was incorporated at three different levels viz. 2, 4 and 6% in the formulation. The products were analyzed for various physicochemical and sensory attributes. The pH, emulsion stability (83.56±0.011) (%), cooking yield (81.12±0.011) (%), crude protein, crude fat and total ash contents of the products showed significant (P<0.05) decreasing trend with increase in levels of incorporation of dried capsicum powder. However, a significant (P<0.05) increase in the water holding capacity (%), moisture (67.10±0.008) and crude fibre (1.56±0.006) contents of the chicken koftas was observed with increasing levels of incorporation. Sensory evaluation revealed that koftas prepared with 4 per cent capsicum dried powder had superior scores (P<0.05) compared to 2 and 6 per cent. Hence, incorporation of dried capsicum powder at 4 per cent level in chicken koftas was considered to be optimum. (Include some values of important findings). 

A study was conducted to identify the suitable planting material (stem cuttings/ root slips) for propagation of Cumbu Napier Hybrid Grass Co(BN)5 understorey Cocus nucifera with different fertilizers and manures and to examine the nutritive value of the fodder. The experiment had seven treatments replicated thrice, T1 (Stem cuttings for propagation-Control), T2 (Stem cuttings + Recommended dose of fertilizer), T3 (Root slips + Recommended dose of fertilizer), T4  (Stem cuttings + Farm yard manure@10t/ha), T5 (Root slips + Farm yard manure @ 10t/ha), T6  (Stem cuttings + Farm yard manure @10t/ha + Recommended dose of fertilizer) and T7  (Root slips + Farm yard manure @10t/ha + Recommended dose of fertilizer). No significant (P>0.05) variations were observed in the yield irrespective of planting material and manuring. Significantly highest plant height was observed in Root slips + Farm yard manure @10t/ha + Recommended dose of fertilizer (T7), the number of tillers / plant and leaves per tiller, were significantly highest in Stem cuttings + Farm yard manure @10t/ha + Recommended dose of fertilizer (T6), leaves per clump were significantly highest in T6 and T7. No significant variation existed in the fortnightly body weight, average daily gain and dry matter intake of animals fed Cumbu Napier hybrid grass Co(CN)4 Vs Cumbu Napier hybrid grass Co(BN)5. However, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in the IVth week was significantly better in Cumbu Napier hybrid grass Co(BN)5 fed cattle. It was concluded that to cultivate Co(BN)5 understorey Cocus nucifera stem cutting with application of farm yard manure and recommended dose of fertilizer was the best practice.

A study was carried out to assess the effect of dietary crude protein on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Kadaknath chicken up to 12th weeks of age. A total of 240-day old Kadaknath chicks were purchased from the College of Poultry Production and Management, TANUVAS, Hosur and wing banded, weighed individually and distributed randomly into four experimental groups with three replicates of 20 chicks each. Four experimental diets were formulated with four levels of crude protein viz., 14, 16, 18 and 20 per cent with 2800 kcal/kg ME. Growth performance and carcass characteristics were studied. All the data generated were statistically analysed and interpreted. The Kadaknath chicken fed with 20 per cent crude protein with 2800 kcal /kg ME had highest 12th week body weight (1018.66± 55.19 g ) when compared to other treatment groups. The carcass characteristics of Kadaknath chicken showed significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) among treatment groups for eviscerated carcass weight, eviscerated carcass yield, ready-to-cook weight, ready-to-cook yield and per cent giblets. The per cent cut–up parts of Kadaknath chicken at 12 th week of age did not show significant difference among treatment groups. The present study concluded that Kadaknath chicken fed with higher crude protein (20 % CP) resulted in significantly higher 12th week body weight, eviscerated carcass and ready-to-cook yield.