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HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF VULVAR SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND RUMINALFIBROPAPILLOMAIN COWS IN BASRAPROVINCE 全文
2015
Zainab W. Khudair
Eight Samples of tumor masses were collected from cases of (3)squamous cellcarcinoma in vulva (SCC) and(5) ruminalfibropapillama in cows fromBasraprovincesouth of Iraq during the period February 2013 through January 2014 . The cases of SCCcases were characterized by smooth, dry, white poorly demarcated dermal bundles ofhomogenous tissue with necrotic or\and hemorrhagic foci separated by fibrous tissue intheearlyand late stage named as acanthosis . The size offibropapilloma cases werevariable in size and characterized byabundant proliferating fibrous tissue massgrowth inthe rumen covered by stratified squamous epithelium of varying thickness exhibitingmarked hyperkeratosis of the stratumcorneum of rumen.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]First molecular isolation of <i>Mycoplasma ovis</i> from small ruminants in North Africa 全文
2015
Mohamed R. Rjeibi | Mohamed A. Darghouth | Houda Omri | Khemaïs Souidi | Mourad Rekik | Mohamed Gharbi
Eperythrozoonosis is a small ruminant disease caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma ovis (formerly known as Eperythrozoon ovis). Whilst acute infection in sheep may result in an anaemia and ill thrift syndrome, most animals do not develop clinical signs. Molecular methods were used to compare and evaluate the prevalence of infection with M. ovis in sheep and goats in Tunisia. A total of 739 whole blood samples from 573 sheep and 166 goats were tested for the M. ovis 16S rRNA gene using PCR. The overall prevalence was 6.28% ± 0.019 (36/573). Only sheep were infected with M. ovis (p < 0.001), and the prevalence was significantly higher in central Tunisia (29.2%) compared with other regions (p < 0.05). The prevalence revealed significant differences according to breed and bioclimatic zones (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence in young sheep (35/330; 10.6%) was higher than in adults (1/243; 0.41%) (p < 0.001). Only sheep of the Barbarine breed were infected, with a prevalence of 11.8% (p < 0.001). This is the first molecular study and genetic characterisation of M. ovis in North African sheep breeds.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Time-series analysis of ruminant foetal wastage at a slaughterhouse in North Central Nigeria between 2001 and 2012 全文
2015
Nma B. Alhaji | Ismail A. Odetokun | Aminu Shittu | Joshua Onyango | Umar M. Chafe | Muhammed S. Abubakar | Issa A. Muraina | Folorunso O. Fasina | Hu Suk Lee
Time-series analysis of ruminant foetal wastage at a slaughterhouse in North Central Nigeria between 2001 and 2012 全文
2015
Nma B. Alhaji | Ismail A. Odetokun | Aminu Shittu | Joshua Onyango | Umar M. Chafe | Muhammed S. Abubakar | Issa A. Muraina | Folorunso O. Fasina | Hu Suk Lee
In developing countries, foetal wastage from slaughtered ruminants and the associated economic losses appear to be substantial. However, only a limited number of studies have comprehensively evaluated these trends. In the current study, secondary (retrospective) and primary data were collected and evaluated to estimate the prevalence of foetal wastage from cattle, sheep and goats slaughtered at an abattoir in Minna, Nigeria, over a 12-year period (January 2001 – December 2012). Time-series modelling revealed substantial differences in the rate of foetal wastage amongst the slaughtered species, with more lambs having been wasted than calves or kids. Seasonal effects seem to influence rates of foetal wastage and certain months in the year appear to be associated with higher odds of foetal wastage. Improved management systems are suggested to reduce the risk of foetal losses.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Time-series analysis of ruminant foetal wastage at a slaughterhouse in North Central Nigeria between 2001 and 2012 全文
2015
aminu shittu | hu suk lee | joshua onyango | ismail a. odetokun | umar m. chafe | muhammed s. abubakar | issa a. muraina | folorunso o. fasina | nma b. alhaji
Nma B. Alhaji et al., 'Time-series analysis of ruminant foetal wastage at a slaughterhouse in North Central Nigeria between 2001 and 2012', Onderstepoort J Vet Res, vol. 82(1), AOSIS, 2015 | In developing countries, foetal wastage from slaughtered ruminants and the associated economic losses appear to be substantial. However, only a limited number of studies have comprehensively evaluated these trends. In the current study, secondary (retrospective) and primary data were collected and evaluated to estimate the prevalence of foetal wastage from cattle, sheep and goats slaughtered at an abattoir in Minna, Nigeria, over a 12-year period (January 2001 ? December 2012). Time-series modelling revealed substantial differences in the rate of foetal wastage amongst the slaughtered species, with more lambs having been wasted than calves or kids. Seasonal effects seem to influence rates of foetal wastage and certain months in the year appear to be associated with higher odds of foetal wastage. Improved management systems are suggested to reduce the risk of foetal losses
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Time-series analysis of ruminant foetal wastage at a slaughterhouse in North Central Nigeria between 2001 and 2012 全文
2015
Alhaji, N.B. | Odetokun, I.A. | Shittu, A. | Onyango, J. | Chafe, U.M. | Abubakar, M.S. | Muraina, I.A. | Fasina, F.O. | Hu Suk Lee
In developing countries, foetal wastage from slaughtered ruminants and the associated economic losses appear to be substantial. However, only a limited number of studies have comprehensively evaluated these trends. In the current study, secondary (retrospective) and primary data were collected and evaluated to estimate the prevalence of foetal wastage from cattle, sheep and goats slaughtered at an abattoir in Minna, Nigeria, over a 12-year period (January 2001 – December 2012). Time-series modelling revealed substantial differences in the rate of foetal wastage amongst the slaughtered species, with more lambs having been wasted than calves or kids. Seasonal effects seem to influence rates of foetal wastage and certain months in the year appear to be associated with higher odds of foetal wastage. Improved management systems are suggested to reduce the risk of foetal losses.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Functional anatomy of the lacrimal gland in African black ostrich <i>Struthio camelus domesticus</i> in the embryonic and postnatal period 全文
2015
Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot | Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk | Renata Nowaczyk | Krzysztof Krasucki
The aim of the present study was morphological and histochemical analysis of the lacrimalgland (LG) in African black ostrich Struthio camelus domesticus in the embryonic and postnatalperiod. Studies were conducted on 50 ostriches aged between the 28th day of incubation until7 months old. Tissue sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Azan trichrome,periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian blue pH 2.5, aldehyde fuchsin and Hale’s dialysed iron. The LGin ostrich was classified as a tubulo-acinar type. The primordia of the lobes were determinedin the LG structure on the 28th day of incubation, whilst the weakly visible lobes with aciniand tubules were observed on the 40th day of incubation. Morphometric studies of the LGshowed steady growth, characterised by an increase in both length and width. Histometricmeasurements of lobe size showed little difference between the first, second and third agegroups, whilst in the fourth age group a marked increase in size of lobes was observed.The study showed that, apart from morphological changes, during the growth of the LGthe character of acid mucopolysaccharides changed. Sulphated acid mucopolysaccharideswere indicated, particularly with aldehyde fuchsin (AF) staining in the fourth age group.The Hale’s dialysed iron (HDI) staining showed a low concentration of carboxylated acidmucopolysaccharides in the first and second age groups and a higher concentration in thethird and fourth age groups. Periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS)-positive cells were observedin each age group, but only a small number of cells with a weakly PAS-positive reaction weredemonstrated in the first age group.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]The slaughter of increased numbers of pregnant cows in Tanga abattoir, Tanzania: A cause for concern? 全文
2015
Emmanuel S. Swai | Abdu A. Hayghaimo | Ayubu A. Hassan | Bartholomeo S. Mhina
The slaughter of increased numbers of pregnant cows in Tanga abattoir, Tanzania: A cause for concern? 全文
2015
Emmanuel S. Swai | Abdu A. Hayghaimo | Ayubu A. Hassan | Bartholomeo S. Mhina
Information on the level of foetal wastage in slaughtered cattle in Tanzania is limited. A three-month observational study (April – June 2014) of animals slaughtered at the Tanga abattoir in Tanga region, Tanzania was carried out to determine the number of pregnant cows slaughtered. The total number of cattle slaughtered during the study period was 3643, representing a monthly kill average of 1214 and a daily kill average of 40. Over 98% of the cattle presented to the abattoir for slaughter were local breed (Tanzania shorthorn zebu) and most were above 3 years of age. Improved breeds of cattle represented only 1.3% of all slaughters. Of the cattle slaughtered, 2256 (61.9%) were female and 1387 (38.1%) were male. A total of 655 slaughtered cows were pregnant, representing a foetal wastage of 29.1%. Of the 655 recovered foetuses, 333 (50.8%) were male and 322 (49.2%) were female. Of the recovered foetuses, 25.8% were recovered in the first, 42.7% in the second and 31.6% in the third trimester. This study indicates cases of significant foetal losses, negatively impacting future replacement stock as a result of the slaughter of pregnant animals. The indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant cows suggests that existing animal welfare legislation is not sufficiently enforced and routine veterinary ante-mortem inspection of trade animals is failing to prevent the high level of foetal wastage.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]The slaughter of increased numbers of pregnant cows in Tanga abattoir, Tanzania: A cause for concern? 全文
2015
Swai, Emmanuel S.(Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries) | Hayghaimo, Abdu A.(Ministry of Livestock Development and Fisheries) | Hassan, Ayubu A.(Tanga Municipal Livestock Office) | Mhina, Bartholomeo S.(Tanga Municipal Livestock Office)
Information on the level of foetal wastage in slaughtered cattle in Tanzania is limited. A three-month observational study (April - June 2014) of animals slaughtered at the Tanga abattoir in Tanga region, Tanzania was carried out to determine the number of pregnant cows slaughtered. The total number of cattle slaughtered during the study period was 3643, representing a monthly kill average of 1214 and a daily kill average of 40. Over 98% of the cattle presented to the abattoir for slaughter were local breed (Tanzania shorthorn zebu) and most were above 3 years of age. Improved breeds of cattle represented only 1.3% of all slaughters. Of the cattle slaughtered, 2256 (61.9%) were female and 1387 (38.1%) were male. A total of 655 slaughtered cows were pregnant, representing a foetal wastage of 29.1%. Of the 655 recovered foetuses, 333 (50.8%) were male and 322 (49.2%) were female. Of the recovered foetuses, 25.8% were recovered in the first, 42.7% in the second and 31.6% in the third trimester. This study indicates cases of significant foetal losses, negatively impacting future replacement stock as a result of the slaughter of pregnant animals. The indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant cows suggests that existing animal welfare legislation is not sufficiently enforced and routine veterinary ante-mortem inspection of trade animals is failing to prevent the high level of foetal wastage.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Indirect prediction of total body water content in healthy adult Beagles by single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis 全文
2015
Yaguiyan-Colliard, Laurence | Daumas, Caroline | Bousbiat, Sana | Jaffrin, Michel | Cardot, Philippe | Grandjean, Dominique | Priymenko, Nathalie | Nguyen, Patrick | Roux, Francise
OBJECTIVE To develop equations for prediction of total body water (TBW) content in unsedated dogs by combining impedance (resistance and reactance) and morphological variables and to compare the results of those equations with TBW content determined by deuterium dilution (TBWd). ANIMALS 26 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURES TBW content was determined directly by deuterium dilution and indirectly with equations developed from measurements obtained by use of a portable bioelectric impedance device and morphological variables including body length, height, weight, and thoracic and abdominal circumferences. RESULTS Impedance and morphological data from 16 of the 26 dogs were used to determine coefficients for the following 2 equations: TBW1 = −0.019 (BL2/R) + −0.199 (RC + AC) + 0.996W + 0.081H + 12.31; and TBW2 = 0.048 (BL2/R) + −0.144 (RC + AC) + 0.777W + 0.066H + 0.031X + 7.47, where AC is abdominal circumference, H is height, BL is body length, R is resistance, RC is rib cage circumference, W is body weight, and × is reactance. Results for TBW1 (R21 = 0.843) and TBW2 (R22 = 0.816) were highly correlated with the TBWd. When the equations were validated with data from the remaining 10 dogs, the respective mean differences between TBWd and TBW1 and TBW2 were 0.17 and 0.11 L, which equated to a nonsignificant underestimation of TBW content by 2.4% and 1.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that impedance and morphological data can be used to accurately estimate TBW content in adult Beagles. This method of estimating TBW content is less expensive and easier to perform than is measurement of TBWd, making it appealing for daily use in veterinary practice.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Development of a clonal equine myoblast cell line capable of terminal differentiation into mature myotubes in vitro 全文
2015
Naylor, Rosie J. | Piercy, Richard J.
OBJECTIVE To produce a clonal equine myoblast cell line that retains the ability to divide for multiple passages and differentiate into multinucleated myotubes during specific conditions. SAMPLE Cultured primary equine skeletal muscle-derived cells from a healthy Thoroughbred. PROCEDURES Cell cultures were transfected by electroporation with a plasmid (pNIT) that expresses the temperature-sensitive simian vacuolating virus 40 large T antigen (TAg), which can be controlled by a doxycycline-responsive promoter. Cells that stably integrated the TAg were selected and expanded to passage 25. For each passage, differentiation and fusion properties of the cells were determined and immunocytochemical analyses were performed to evaluate expression of TAg and other muscle-specific proteins. Optimum conditions that led to cell differentiation into myotubes were also determined. RESULTS Compared with nontransfected control cells, myogenic, desmin-positive cells expressed the TAg when incubated at 33°C and could be maintained in culture for numerous passages. Reduced expression of TAg was identified in cells incubated at 37°C or when incubated with doxycycline at 33°C. Expression of TAg was not detected when cells were incubated with doxycycline at 37°C, and when serum was withdrawn from the culture medium, those clones differentiated into a pure population of multinucleated myotubes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that production of an immortalized clonal equine skeletal muscle cell line was possible. A clonal equine skeletal muscle cell line will be a valuable in vitro tool for use in equine physiology and disease research.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Assessment of the excretion time of electronic capsules placed in the intestinal lumen of cows with cecal dilatation-dislocation, healthy control cows, and cows with left displacement of the abomasum 全文
2015
Devaux, David J. A. L. | Lempen, Markus | Schelling, Ester | Koch, Volker M. | Meylan, Mireille
OBJECTIVE To analyze the transit time from various locations in the intestines of cows with cecal dilatation-dislocation (CDD), healthy control cows, and cows with left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). ANIMALS 15 cows with naturally occurring CDD (group 1), 14 healthy control cows (group 2), and 18 cows with LDA (group 3). PROCEDURES 5 electronic transmitters were encased in capsules and placed in the lumen of the ileum, cecum, proximal portion of the colon, and 2 locations in the spiral colon (colon 1 and colon 2) and used to measure the transit time (ie, time between placement in the lumen and excretion of the capsules from the rectum). Excretion time of the capsules from each intestinal segment was compared among groups. RESULTS Cows recovered well from surgery, except for 1 cow with relapse of CDD 4 days after surgery and 2 cows with incisional infection. High variability in capsule excretion times was observed for all examined intestinal segments in all groups. Significant differences were detected for the excretion time from the colon (greater in cows with CDD than in healthy control cows) and cecum (less in cows with LDA than in cows of the other 2 groups). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The technique developed to measure excretion time of capsules from bovine intestines was safe and reliable; however, the large variability observed for all intestinal segments and all groups would appear to be a limitation for its use in assessment of intestinal transit time of cattle in future studies.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effect of castration on the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio of male dogs 全文
2015
Bertieri, Marie-Blanche | Lapointe, Catherine | Conversy, Berenice | Gara-Boivin, Carolyn
OBJECTIVE To assess the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) of healthy sexually intact male dogs and to compare the UPCR of these dogs before and after castration. ANIMALS 19 client- or shelter-owned healthy adult sexually intact male dogs. PROCEDURES Physical, hematologic, and biochemical examinations and urinalysis (including calculation of the UPCR) were performed on each dog. Dogs were then castrated, and physical examination and urinalysis (including calculation of the UPCR) were performed again at least 15 days after castration. RESULTS A dipstick test yielded positive results for protein in the urine of 10 sexually intact male dogs, but the UPCR was < 0.5 for all sexually intact male dogs. Mean UPCR for sexually intact male dogs was 0.12 (range, 0.10 to 0.32). The UPCR was < 0.2 for all castrated dogs, except for 1. Mean UPCR for all castrated dogs was 0.08 (range, 0.05 to 0.69). There was a significant difference between mean UPCR before and after castration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, pathological proteinuria was not detected in sexually intact male dogs. Positive results for a urine dipstick test should be interpreted with caution in sexually intact male dogs and should be confirmed by assessment of the UPCR. An increased UPCR in sexually intact male dogs may be considered abnormal.
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