细化搜索
结果 31-40 的 420
Hematological manifestations in dogs progressing to the iron deficiency anemia by repeated phlebotomy
2006
Kwon, Y.W. (Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea) | Kim, D. (Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea) | Pak, S.I. (Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea), E-mail: paksi@kangwon.ac.kr
Progressing to the iron deficiency anemia was experimentally induced in 4 clinically healthy dogs by repeated phlebotomy to characterize hematologic features, serum iron values, and RBC indices. Abnormal RBC morphologies were also evaluated semiquantitatively on Wright's-stained blood films. Hematologic abnormalities in early stage of anemia included decreased both hematocrit and hemoglobin, and reticulocytosis, with no changes in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were represented.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Type Ⅰ immune-mediated polyarthritis with azathioprine therapy in a Shih-tzu dog
2006
Jung, D.I. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Park, C. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Kang, B.T. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Kim, J.W. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Kim, H.J. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Lim, C.Y. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Ko, K.J. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Lee, S.Y. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Cho, S.K. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Gu, S.H. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Heo, R.Y. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Park, H.J. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Jeon, H.W. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Kim, J.H. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Han, S.K. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Yoon, A.R. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Sung, J.H. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Yoo, J.H. (Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Park, H.M. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea), E-mail: parkhee@konkuk.ac.kr
A 2-month-old female Shih-tzu dog was referred because of lameness, exercise intolerance, depression, elbow and stifle joint swelling. Physical examination, complete blood counts, serum-chemistry, radiography, synovial fluid analysis, antinuclear antibody test, and rheumatoid factor measurement were initiated. On radiography, soft tissue swelling of elbow and stifle joints without erosiveness were founded. The results of synovial fluid analysis revealed severe neutrophilic pleocytosis (nondegenerative), decreased viscosity, increased turbidity, positive on mucin-clot test, and negative on bacterial culture.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]A case of suspected bacterial meningoencephalitis in a Miniature Pinscher dog
2006
Jung, D.I. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Park, C. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Kang, B.T. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Yoo, J.H. (Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | Park, H.M. (Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea), E-mail: parkhee@konkuk.ac.kr
A 4-year-old male Miniature Pinscher was referred because of head tilt, nystagmus, and ataxia. The hemogram revealed a moderate neutrophilic leukocytosis. On magnetic resonance imaging, cerebellar inflammation was detected. And cerebrospinal fluid analysis indicated marked neutrophilic pleocytosis. Based on these results, bacterial meningoencephalitis was suspected. The clinical signs were well controlled by a combination antibiotics therapy of the third generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime and cefixime) and metronidazole.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Hemodynamic effects of methylprednisolone acetate administration in cats
2006
Ployngam, T. | Tobias, A.H. | Smith, S.A. | Torres, S.M.F. | Ross, S.J.
Objective-To investigate the mechanisms by which corticosteroid administration may predispose cats to congestive heart failure (CHF). Animals-12 cats receiving methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) for the treatment of dermatologic disorders. Procedure-The study was conducted as a repeated-measures design. Various baseline variables were measured, after which MPA (5 mg/kg, IM) was administered. The same variables were then measured at 3 to 6 days and at 16 to 24 days after MPA administration. Evaluations included physical examination, systolic blood pressure measurement, hematologic analysis, serum biochemical analysis, thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and total body water and plasma volume determination. Results-MPA resulted in a substantial increase in serum glucose concentration at 3 to 6 days after administration. Concurrently, RBC count, Hct, and hemoglobin concentration as well as serum concentrations of the major extracellular electrolytes, sodium and chloride, decreased. Plasma volume increased by 13.4% (> 40% in 3 cats), whereas total body water and body weight slightly decreased. All variables returned to baseline by 16 to 24 days after MPA administration. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-These data suggest that MPA administration in cats causes plasma volume expansion as a result of an intra- to extracellular fluid shift secondary to glucocorticoid-mediated extracellular hyperglycemia. This mechanism is analogous to the plasma volume expansion that accompanies uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in humans. Any cardiovascular disorders that impair the normal compensatory mechanisms for increased plasma volume may predispose cats to CHF following MPA administration.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Biomechanical and histologic comparison of single-layer continuous Cushing and simple continuous oppositional cystotomy closure by use of poliglecaprone 25 in rats with experimentally induced inflammation of the urinary bladder
2006
Hildreth, B.E III | Ellison, G.W. | Roberts, J.F. | Adin, C.A. | Holloway, T.J. | Archer, L.L. | Van Gilder, J.M.
Objective-To biomechanically and histologically compare single-layer continuous Cushing and simple continuous appositional cystotomy closure in rats with xylene-induced cystitis. Animals-40 female Sprague-Dawley rats. Procedure-Rats were anesthetized, their urinary bladders catheterized and evacuated, and xylene instilled in each bladder for 5 minutes and then aspirated. Forty-eight hours later, ventral midline celiotomy and cystotomy (8 mm) were performed. Cystotomies were closed with 6-0 poliglecaprone 25 by use of a single-layer continuous Cushing or simple continuous appositional pattern (20 rats/group), and cystotomy times were recorded. Rats were allocated to healing durations (5 rats/group) of 0, 3, 7, and 14 days. Celiotomies were closed in a routine manner. After the allotted healing interval, another celiotomy was performed, the urethra cannulated, and ureters ligated. The cannula was secured to the urethra, and the bladder infused at 0.1 mL/min. Leak pressure volume, leak pressure, peak pressure volume, and peak pressure were recorded via a pressure transducer. Bladders were harvested and histologically assessed. Results-Cystotomy time, biomechanical testing values, and overall inflammation scores did not differ between closure methods for any healing duration. Both methods had significantly greater leak pressures, with the appositional method also having significantly greater peak pressures on day 7, compared to day 0. Biomechanical testing values decreased from day 7 to 14 as a result of juxtaincisional weakening of the bladder and xylene-induced changes in collagen. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Simple continuous appositional was equal biomechanically and histologically to continuous Cushing for all comparison variables. Poliglecaprone 25 was acceptable for cystotomy closure.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Correlation of magnetic resonance images with anatomic features of the equine tarsus
2006
Latorre, R. | Arencibia, A. | Gill, F. | Rivero, M. | Henry, R.W. | Ramirez, G. | Vaquez, J.M.
Objective-To correlate anatomic features of the equine tarsus identified in plastinated sections with images obtained via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Animals-4 horses. Procedure-MRI (1.5-Tesla magnet) of the tarsus was performed on the pelvic limbs of 4 clinically normal horses following euthanasia. After imaging, tarsocrural joint spaces and vasculature were injected with colored latex. Sagittal and transverse sections of the tarsi were plastinated to facilitate interpretation of MR images. Results-Relevant anatomic structures were identified and labeled on the plastinated tissue slices and corresponding MR images. Results indicated high correlations between MRI findings and those of plastinated sections. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The data obtained provided certain reference standards for normal anatomic structure sizes and positions in the equine tarsus. This information may aid future physiologic or clinical studies of this joint.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Quantitative assessment of nociceptive processes in conscious dogs by use of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex
2006
Bergadano, A. | Andersen, O.K. | Arendt-Nielsen, L. | Schatzmann, U. | Spadavecchia, C.
Objective-To investigate the feasibility of evoking the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) from fore- and hind limbs in conscious dogs, score stimulus-associated behavioral responses, and assess the canine NWR response to suprathreshold stimulations. Animals-8 adult Beagles. Procedure-Surface electromyograms evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation of ulnaris and digital plantar nerves were recorded from the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, biceps femoris, and tibialis cranialis muscles. Train-of-five pulses (stimulus(train)) were used; reflex threshold (I(t train)) was determined, and recruitment curves were obtained at 1.2, 1.5, and 2 X I(t train). Additionally, a single pulse (stimulus(single)) was given at 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, and 3 X I(t train). Latency and amplitude of NWRs were analyzed. Severity of behavioral reactions was subjectively scored. Results-Fore- and hind limb I(t train) values (median; 25% to 75% interquartile range) were 2.5 mA (2.0 to 3.6 mA) and 2.1 mA (1.7 to 2.9 mA), respectively. At I(t train), NWR latencies in the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, biceps femoris, and cranial tibialis muscles were not significantly different (19.6 milliseconds 17.1 to 20.5 milliseconds, 19.5 milliseconds 18.1 to 20.7 milliseconds, 20.5 milliseconds 14.7 to 26.4 milliseconds, and 24.4 milliseconds 17.1 to 40.5 milliseconds, respectively). Latencies obtained with stimulus(train) and stimulus(single) were similar. With increasing stimulation intensities, NWR amplitude increased and correlated positively with behavioral scores. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-In dogs, the NWR can be evoked from limbs and correlates with behavioral reactions. Results suggest that NWR evaluation may enable quantification of nociceptive system excitability and efficacy of analgesics in individual dogs.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Activity of feline interferon-omega after ocular or oral administration in cats as indicated by Mx protein expression in conjunctival and white blood cells
2006
Bracklein, T. | Theise, S. | Metzler, A. | Spiess, B.M. | Richter, M.
Objective-To assess the biological response to recombinant feline interferon-omega (rFeIFN-omega) following ocular or oral administration in cats via estimation of Mx protein expression in conjunctival cells (CCs) and WBCs. Animals-10 specific pathogen-free cats. Procedures-In multiple single-dose drug experiments, each cat received various concentrations of rFeIFN-omega administered topically into both eyes (50 to 10,000 U/eye) and orally (200 to 20,000 units). The same cats received saline (0.9% NaCl) solution topically and orally as control treatments. The CCs and WBCs were collected prior to treatment (day 0), on day 1, and every third or seventh day thereafter until samples yielded negative results for Mx protein. Samples were examined for Mx protein expression via immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting procedures involving murine anti-Mx protein monoclonal antibody M143. Results-After topical application of 10,000 U of rFeIFN-omega/eye, CCs stained for Mx protein for a minimum of 7 days, whereas WBCs were positive for Mx protein for a minimum of 31 days. After topical application of lower concentrations, CCs did not express Mx protein, in contrast to WBCs, which stained for Mx protein at 1,000 units for at least 1 day. Following oral administration, Mx protein was expressed in WBCs at rFeIFN-omega concentrations as low as 200 units, whereas CCs did not stain for Mx protein at any concentration. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results indicate that Mx protein expression (a marker of the biological response to rFeIFN-omega) in CCs and WBCs of rFeIFN-omega-treated cats depends on the dose of rFeIFN-omega, site of administration, and cell type.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effect of exercise on activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase, and heat shock protein 27 in equine skeletal muscle
2006
Ginneken, M.M.E van | Graaf-Roelfsema, E de | Keizer, H.A. | Dam, K.G van | Wijnberg, I.D. | Kolk, J.H van der | Breda, E van
Objective-To investigate the effects of exercise on activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling proteins in horses. Animals-6 young trained Standardbred geldings. Procedure-Horses performed a 20-minute bout of exercise on a treadmill at 80% of maximal heart rate. Muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from the vastus lateralis and pectoralis descendens muscles before and after exercise. Amount of expression and intracellular location of phosphospecific MAPK pathway intermediates were determined by use of western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Results-Exercise resulted in a significant increase in phosphorylation of p38 pathway intermediates, c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK), and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in the vastus lateralis muscle, whereas no significant changes were found in phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase. In the pectoralis descendens muscle, phosphorylation of p38 and HSP27 was significantly increased after exercise. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed fiber-type-specific locations of phosphorylated JNK in type 2a/b intermediate and 2b fibers and phosphorylated p38 in type 1 fibers. Phosphorylated HSP27 was strongly increased after exercise in type 1 and 2a fibers. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The p38 pathway and JNK are activated in the vastus lateralis muscle after a single 20-minute bout of submaximal exercise in trained horses. Phosphorylation of HSP27 as detected in the study reported here is most likely induced through the p38 signaling pathway.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Use of intra-articular administration of ethyl alcohol for arthrodesis of the tarsometatarsal joint in healthy horses
2006
Shoemaker, R.W. | Allen, Alan A. | Richardson, C.E. | Wilson, D.G.
Objective-To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-articular administration of ethyl alcohol for arthrodesis of tarsometatarsal joints in horses. Animals-8 healthy female horses without lameness or radiographic evidence of tarsal joint osteoarthritis. Procedure-In each horse, 1 tarsometatarsal joint was treated with 4 mL of 70% ethyl alcohol and the opposite joint was treated with 4 mL of 95% ethyl alcohol. Lameness examinations were performed daily for 2 weeks, followed by monthly evaluations for the duration of the 12-month study. Radiographic evaluations of both tarsi were performed 1 month after injection and every 3 months thereafter. Gross and histologic examinations of the tarsi were undertaken at completion of the study. Results-Horses had minimal to no lameness associated with the treatments. Radiography revealed that 8 of 16 joints were fused by 4 months after treatment, with significantly more joints fused in the 70% ethyl alcohol group. Fifteen of 16 joints were considered fused at postmortem examination at 12 months. Gross and histologic examinations revealed foci of dense mature osteonal bone spanning the joint spaces. Bony fusion appeared to be concentrated on the dorsolateral, centrolateral, and plantarolateral aspects of the joints. Significant differences were not detected between treatment groups for lameness or pathologic findings. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Administration of ethyl alcohol into the tarsometatarsal joint of healthy horses appeared to facilitate arthrodesis of the joint in a pain-free manner. Results warrant further investigation into the potential use of ethyl alcohol in horses clinically affected with osteoarthritis of the tarsometatarsal and distal intertarsal joints.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]