In recent years mammary gland neoplasm has been recognized in pet and laboratory rabbits. The present study describes the concurrence of two malignant mammary gland neoplasms in a six-year-old intact female domestic rabbit. On clinical examination, the masses were observed in the left inguinal and right thoracic mammary glands. Based on owner information, the inguinal mammary gland mass within the previous 3-month period, and the thoracic mammary gland mass within the previous 6-month period, had become evident. Finally, complete surgical removal of the masses was selected. Tissue samples of the masses were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and stained with H&E. In addition, immunohistochemical studies on masses sections were performed using primary antibodies against cytokeratins AE1/AE3. Microscopically, the left mass was diagnosed as solid carcinoma, and the right mass was diagnosed as intraductal papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed diffuse positive cytoplasmic staining of the neoplastic cells in both of masses with primary antibodies against cytokeratins AE1/AE3. The best treatment option for mammary masses in pet rabbits is surgical excision, that is performed under general anesthesia. In this case, no new growth of the masses was observed 4 months following surgical procedures.

Canine transmissible venereal tumor also known as transmissible venereal tumor, contagious venereal tumor, transmissible lymphosarcoma, transmissible venereal sarcoma and infectious granuloma. This tumor commonly affects the external genitalia in dogs of both sexes but More incidences in females are occurring as compared to males. The clinical signs of the genital system include serosanguineous vaginal discharge, cutaneous discharge, protrusion of neoplastic lesions, intermittent or continuous skin lesions, swelling of the genital area, excessive licking of the genital region and pain. The tumor initially is small and its color varies from pink to red, subsequently transforming into a large, ulcerated and infected mass. Over time, the volume of the tumor increases and the lesions develop into fragile, hyperemic, bleeding, multilobular and cauliflower resembling masses. A Sarabi bitch, 18 months old, was referred to the hospital of faculty of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz, suffering from serosanguineous vaginal discharge for the past three months. During examinations, the size of the vagina was normal and the discharge was observed to be red in color. CBC and biochemistry tests indicated a decrease in red blood cells and hematocrit level, along with an increase in fibrinogen. In the vaginal cytology sample, red blood cells, large and small intermediate cells and TVT round cells were observed. After multiple assessments, a diagnosis of transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) was confirmed. However, due to the owner’s lack of follow up, treatment was not completed.

Although sabiyal wetland is supposed to sieve pollutants carried by the lake, growing human activity has caused it to deteriorate and shrink in size, reducing its ability to do so and allowing waste to flow into the lake. This makes evaluating the effects of wastewater in that lake urgently necessary. Since little is known about the use of serum and haematological assays to assess fish health in relation to heavy metals, this study is essential. This study aims to evaluate African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) blood profiles and heavy metal concentrations in Sabiyal Lake, Aliero, Nigeria. The study was conducted in Kebbi State's Aliero Local Government Area, specifically at Sabiyal Lake. For this investigation, five percent (5%) of the C. gariepinus that were caught were used. Samples of blood, gills, and bone were obtained using conventional techniques. Heavy metal analysis was done on all samples, while haematological, plasma, and serum analyses were done on the blood samples. The findings indicated that there was a huge variation in the haematological variables during the course of the research periods (p<0.05). Decreased plasma biochemistry (p<0.05) and different enzymes (p<0.05). The blood, gills, and bone of fish collected from Sabiyal Lake showed varying levels of heavy metal contamination. Fish collected in October had the highest concentration of lead, copper, zinc, cadmium, and iron, while fish recorded in December had the lowest concentration.  The investigation found that the high concentration of heavy metals had an impact on the fish from Sabiyal Lake's haematology, biochemistry, and blood enzymes. Therefore, more study should be done to monitor and control the fish and water in Sabiyal Lake.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal viral haemorrhagic disease affecting pigs. This study uses official surveillance data to investigate the persistence and spread of ASF in wild boar populations in Serbia from 2020 to 2024. A total of 480 ASF cases were analysed, with spatiotemporal clustering conducted via SaTScan™ and proximity analyses performed in the Quantum Geographic Information System. The yearly prevalence of ASF in wild boar rose steadily from 0.66% in 2020 to 1.47% in 2023. Seasonal trends showed a significant increase in cases during winter (68%) and spring (24%). Five distinct clusters were identified, predominantly near the borders with North Macedonia and Bulgaria, suggesting potential cross-border transmission. Proximity to major roads was significantly associated with ASF case distribution (p  0.01), while proximity to water bodies and elevation showed no consistent pattern. The findings highlight critical gaps in current passive surveillance systems, which likely underestimate ASF prevalence. The study underscores the need for enhanced surveillance in remote and wooded areas and proposes strategies to improve ASF monitoring and control in wild boar populations. Contribution: This study highlights the feasibility of cost-effective, non-invasive surveillance methods for ASF detection, offering critical insights for low-income countries where resources for intensive disease monitoring are limited. By demonstrating how environmental and anthropogenic factors drive ASF dynamics, this research provides actionable strategies for improving regional and global ASF control efforts.

Mahyaveh, a traditional fermented fish product consumed as condiments in the southern part of Iran. In this study, the effects of the Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus  as starters culture on the chemical and microbial properties of fermented sauce were studied during a 45-days interval. The studied parameters were pH, acidity, crude protein, TVB-N, salt content, biogenic amines (i.e. Histamine and tyramine), halophilic bacteria, LAB, mold and yeast counts. The results showed that pH values and crude protein content were significantly different among the studied groups (p<0.05). The interaction between time and applying starters on significant changes in acidity was observed. The highest amount of TVB-N was measured for the treated group. The amount of histamine and the salt content of the samples decreased over time. There was also a significant difference in the tyramine levels of the samples (p<0.05). The highest count of Halophiles, Bacillus, Mold and Yeast were observed in the control group. The cfu of LAB increased during the time of fermentation process. It can be concluded that the inoculated sauce with L. plantarum and L.starters was more acceptable in terms of chemical and microbial properties compared to the control group.

A gravid, previously-injured, female, wild Eastern chicken turtle (Deirochelys reticularia reticularia) was treated by the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Turtle Rescue Team for prolonged anorexia and possible dystocia.  Medical management included successful induction of oviposition with oxytocin.  Radiographs and ultrasonography were used to confirm the presence of eggs within the oviducts prior to oxytocin therapy.  Ultrasonography revealed Doppler blood flow within at least one egg and the presence of a developing embryo.  It is hypothesized that these findings may be unique to Eastern chicken turtles.  This case demonstrated that case management may be complicated by a patient’s medical history and also unique life-history traits.

Yersiniosis, caused by Yersinia ruckeri, is recognized as one of the most significant diseases affecting cold-water and sturgeon fish in aquaculture. Vaccination has emerged as the most cost-effective and sustainable method for controlling infectious diseases in fish. This study investigated the effects of a bath vaccine against yersiniosis on certain biochemical parameters in the serum of beluga sturgeon (Huso huso). For this purpose, 400 to 500 juvenile fish with an average weight of approximately 10 gr were divided into 14 tanks and raised for 10 to 14 days to acclimatize to environmental conditions. The treatments included: A single bath vaccination with anti-yersiniosis vaccine (with Brand name: Antiyersin) for 10 gr fish, two-stage bath vaccination against yersiniosis for 10 gr fish. two-stage hyperosmotic bath vaccination against yersiniosis (antiyersin) for 10 gr fish. Single injection vaccination against yersiniosis for 10 gr fish and a control group of unvaccinated fish. The impact of the vaccine on the biochemical factors in the blood of beluga sturgeon was also evaluated. The results indicated that in the vaccinated treatments, biochemical blood indices such as glucose, uric acid, urea, cholesterol, total protein, triglycerides, calcium, creatinine, and albumin were measured. The findings from this study demonstrated that the vaccine had a better effect on the health of beluga sturgeon weighing between 10 to 15 gr, with significant differences observed in glucose, uric nitrogen, uric acid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and calcium levels between the vaccinated groups and the control group. However, there was no significant effect on total protein, creatinine levels, and the gene expression of dismutase among the vaccinated groups compared to the control group.