细化搜索
结果 451-457 的 457
Fatty acid and amino acid profiles of cheese, butter, and ghee made from buffalo milk
2022
Abu Hena Md. Asif (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Abid Hasan Sarker (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Gautam Kumar Deb (Animal Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh) | Md. Rezwanul Habib (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Sumaiya Arefin (Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Md. Sadakatul Bari (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Zakirul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Md. Harun-ur- Rashid (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Shohel Rana Siddiki (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Umma Fatema Shahjadee (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Sharmin Akter Lisa (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Salma Ahmed (Institute of Food Science Technology IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research BCSIR, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Mohammad Ashiqul Islam (Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.)
Objective: The objective was to assess the chemical composition, cholesterol, fatty acid (FAs), and amino acid (AAs) profiles of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Materials and Methods: Buffalo milk (raw) was collected from the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Dairy Farm, BAU, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Cheese, butter, and ghee were prepared at the Dairy Chemistry and Technology Laboratory, Department of Dairy Science, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, and subjected to subsequent analyses. The gross nutritional composition and AAs profile of milk were analyzed prior to the manufacture of cheese, butter, and ghee. The gross nutritional composition of milk and dairy products was analyzed by apply¬ing an automated milk analyzer and the Association of Agricultural Chemists techniques, respec¬tively. The cholesterol, FAs, and AAs contents of cheese, butter, and ghee were determined by the Bangladesh Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Furthermore, atherogenic and thrombogenic indices were also calculated using reference equations. Results: The results indicated that the buffalo milk is a good source of first-rate nutrients (dry matter: 16.50%, fat: 7.50%, protein: 3.75%). Findings indicated that the butter was significantly rich with (p < 0.05) total solids and fat where higher (p > 0.05) protein, carbohydrate, and miner¬als were found in cheese. The saponification, Reichert-Meissl, Polenski, and Kirschner values of buffalo ghee were found to be 225, 30, 1.2, and 25, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) variation was found in the cholesterol content of buffalo cheese, butter, and ghee. Butter and ghee had 40.14 and 39.57 mg more cholesterol, respectively, than cheese. The results revealed identical FA profiles except for C24:0 among the three dairy products where the major FA compositions were C4:0, C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 and C18:1 cis-9. The atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index of cheese, butter, and ghee were statistically similar (p > 0.05). Butter was found with the most conducive anti-atherogenic and anti-thrombogenic characteristics due to lower saturated and higher polyunsaturated FAs. However, all the AAs concentrations were statistically higher (p < 0.05) in cheese than in butter and ghee. Conclusion: To conclude, buffalo cheese is superior to butter and ghee as regards nutrient density, but consumers can choose other foods based on their choice. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 144-154]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus in rabbits with several applications
2022
Dwi Desmiyeni Putri (Department of Animal Husbandry, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia) | Okti Nadia Poetri (Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, West Java, Indonesia) | Agung Adi Candra (Department of Animal Husbandry, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia) | Retno Damajanti Soejoedono (Department of Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, West Java, Indonesia.)
Objective: This study aimed to produce hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with several applications. Materials and Methods: Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII NDV was performed on eight New Zealand white rabbits divided into four groups. Rabbits were immunized three times on the 1st day, the 14th day, and the 30th day. Blood sampling was carried out on the 8th day after the third immunization. Results: All groups showed the same pattern of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer results. HI titers would peak on the 5th or the 9th day after the second immunization, then decrease until the 3rd day after the third immunization, and increase again on the 5th day after the third immu¬nization. Rabbits immunized intravenously showed higher HI titers than the other groups. These results indicate that the intravenous route for hyperimmune serum production against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus greatly affects the immune response result. Conclusions: The production of hyperimmune serum by intravenous immunization three times was able to produce the highest titer of 210 at 38 days. The agar gel precipitation test and the Western blot assay showed that the hyperimmune serum was specific for the Newcastle disease antigen. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 211-220]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Morphometric parameters and food preference in relation to sex and reference hematological values for Upupa epops from Pakistan
2022
Rida Tahir (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Warda Zafar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Waseem Aslam (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ahmad Waheed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Umar (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Sana Fatima (Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan) | Tariq Javed (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tabish Liaqat (Department of Fisheries and Aquaculure, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Allah Ditta (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Ashfaq (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Zaman (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Ali Nawaz (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Tehmina Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Wajid (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan) | Muhammad Saleem Khan (Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan.)
Objective: The study was conducted to investigate the gut content and record morphometric and hematological parameters in the common hoopoe (Upupa epops). Materials and Methods: Twenty samples of healthy birds (10 from each sex) were collected from different locations in Okara District, Punjab, Pakistan, from September 2020 to March 2021. Birds were captured live for blood samples and morphometric and gut analyses. Results: It was revealed that the concentrations of different hematological parameters were as follows: hemoglobin, 20.03g/dl; red blood cells, 3.28 × 106/μl; white blood cells, 326.67 × 103/ μl; hematocrit, 56.47%; MCV, 173.33 FL; MCH, 57.4 pg; MCHC, 57.4 pg; PLT, 8.33/μl; and RDW, 8.33/μl. The percentages of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils were 84.67%, 11.67%, 2.00%, and 1.67%, respectively. The gut content of the common hoopoe mostly consisted of Coleoptera and Acrididae larvae. However, Lepidoptera, Gryllotalpidae, and sand were also recorded, along with seeds of Salvadora persica. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between male and female U. epops in feeding content, total weight of the gut, or weight of the empty gut. Regarding the morphometric param¬eters, there was a significant difference in both sexes' wingspan, body length, and body weight. Males were significantly heavier than females. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 290-294]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Valorization of cricket, Acheta domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758), flour as a source of dietary protein in Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1849), farming
2022
Francois Djitie Kouatcho (Department of Science and Technology of Organic Agriculture, Faculty of Sciences / School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon) | Razvan Mihail Radu Rusu (Department of Management of Animal Productions, Faculty of Food and Animal Sciences, Iaşi University of Life Sciences, Iaşi, Romania) | Bachirou Mohamadou (Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon) | Bobga Aoudou (Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon) | Ioan Mircea Pop (Department of Management of Animal Productions, Faculty of Food and Animal Sciences, Iaşi University of Life Sciences, Iaşi, Romania) | Marius Giorgi Usturoi (Department of Management of Animal Productions, Faculty of Food and Animal Sciences, Iaşi University of Life Sciences, Iaşi, Romania) | Leonard S. Ngamo Tinkeu (Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.)
Objective: Quail production is ranked as an important alternative animal protein source in Cameroon. One of the main constraints of this production is the quality of feed, which lacks pro¬tein that is regularly supplied by fish meal. To avoid disagreements due to the constant shortage of fish meal, alternative protein sources are needed, and among them are crickets (Acheta domes¬ticus). The goal of this study was to find out how well Japanese quails could be raised if fish meal was replaced with cricket meal. Materials and Methods: A total of 192, 4-week-old quails were divided into 12 similar sets of 8 females and 8 males. The Four experimental diets (T00, T15, T30, and T45) were all formulated based on the level (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%, respectively) of fish meal substitution with cricket meal in the basal diet (crude protein: 20.18% and ME: 3,013.78 kcal/kg) and randomly assigned to three sets in a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments each repeated three times. Growth, carcass, and some reproduction parameters were collected. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Duncan test, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Cricket meal diets increased body weight in males (204.32 ± 5.69 gm for T45) and regard¬less of the sex (226.72 ± 29.45 gm for T30) compared to 184.17 ± 3.11 gm and 214.55 ± 32.77 gm for the control group, respectively. In females, substitution at 30% increased body weight (253.80 ± 6.48 gm), while 45% induced a reduction (216.67 ± 6.49 gm) when compared to the control group value (244.92 ± 6.07 gm). Carcass yield and the proportion of different parts were not significantly affected by the experimental diets. Liver proportions were significantly higher at 15% and 35% cricket meal incorporation compared to 45%. First songs and egg laying were recorded at 7 weeks with T15, which also led to improved egg laying performance compared to the other treatments. Ovaries were poorly developed in the T45 females compared to the other treatments. Conclusions: Cricket flour might be a good candidate as a locally available protein source to sub¬stitute fish meal in the Japanese quail's diet at the finisher and reproductive stages, and the level of 30% seems to be more efficient. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 310-322]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Review of anthrax: A disease of farm animals
2022
Md. Emtiaj Alam (Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh) | Md. Mostofa Kamal (Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh) | Moizur Rahman (Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh) | Aurangazeb Kabir (Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh) | Md. Shafiqul Islam (Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Jayedul Hassan (Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.)
Anthrax is a rapidly fatal infectious disease affecting herbivores and people. In the farm ani¬mals, cattle and sheep are more susceptible, followed by goats and horses, while dwarf pigs and Algerian sheep are relatively resistant. Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, produces spores and persists for decades in the soil, initiating an outbreak through a favorable climate shift. Anthrax is enzootic in many Asian and African countries, and is reported in Australia, some parts of Europe, and America. The clinical courses of this disease in animals are peracute, acute, sub¬acute, and chronic forms. In severely infected cases, the animals are dead without premonitory clinical signs. The blood may fail to clot and can be found in the mouth, nostrils, and anus in the animals that die from anthrax. This bacterium is susceptible to many antibiotics, yet only penicillin and oxytetracycline have the most effective under field conditions. When an outbreak occurs in a defined area, it is necessary to take early steps to break the infection cycle by maintaining strict biosecurity and vaccinating uninfected animals. This disease is still a challenge to farm animal production in many countries. This review intends to give a fair knowledge of the etiology, epi¬demiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and control of this disease. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 323-334]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]The effect of simvastatin–Acalypha indica Linn. combination on the improvement of fatty pancreas in rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet
2022
Desak Gede Budi Krisnamurti (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Siti Farida (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Rizky Clarinta Putri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Wilzar Fachri (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia) | Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih (Department of Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. & Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.)
Objective: The study aimed to determine the effect of Acalypha indica Linn. (AI) root extract and a combination of simvastatin–AI on improving the fatty pancreas in Sprague–Dawley rats induced with a high fructose and cholesterol diet. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were induced with a high fruc¬tose and cholesterol diet for 4 weeks before being divided into four groups. Each group receiving treatments consisting of simvastatin only, A. indica extracts only, or simvastatin–A. indica extract combination. A histological examination was conducted to determine the effect of each treatment. Also, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Bonferroni test were conducted to assess the comparison of groups from the histological examination. Results: Significant improvement was found in fatty pancreas between rats without therapy and rats treated with simvastatin therapy (p = 0.024, 95% CI: 0.038–0.696), and also between rats without treatment and rats treated with simvastatin–A. indica extract combination therapy (p = 0.000, 95% CI: 0.241–0.873) using one-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Bonferroni test. Conclusions: The results of the combination of simvastatin–A. indica Linn. root extracts treatment showed a synergistic effect on the improvement of fatty pancreas, but further research is needed to find potential adverse effects on the interaction of these two substrates to confirm the safe use of this treatment. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(2.000): 346-350]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Catabolic profiling of selective enzymes in the saccharification of non-food lignocellulose parts of biomass into functional edible sugars and bioenergy: An in silico bioprospecting
2022
Parag Kumar Paul (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Salauddin Al Azad (Fermentation Engineering Major, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China) | Mohammad Habibur Rahman (Vaccinology Lab, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh) | Mithila Farjana (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA) | Muhammad Ramiz Uddin (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA) | Dipta Dey (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh) | Shafi Mahmud (Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh) | Tanzila Ismail Ema (Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh) | Partha Biswas (Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh) | Maliha Anjum (Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh) | Ozifatun Jannat Akhi (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mymensingh Engineering College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) | Shahlaa Zernaz Ahmed (Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.)
Objectives: The research aims to analyze the catabolic strength of different hydrolytic enzymes in assessing the biological conversion potential of lignocellulose parts of agricultural biomass wastes into functional edible sugars and biofuels. Materials and Methods: The enzymes' hydrolytic properties—versatile peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase were used to identify their complexing strength with the lignin substrate, whereas endoglucanase cel12A, acidocaldarius cellulase, and Melanocarpus albomyces endoglucanase were tested on the cellulose gel substrate. Because the biodegradation properties are heavily influenced by the "enzyme-substrate complexing energy level," proper molecular optimization and energy minimization of the enzymes and substrates were carried out, as well as the identification of the enzyme's active sites prior to complexing. comprehensive molecular dynamic simulation was run to study their—alpha carbon, root-mean-square deviation (Å), molecular surface area (Å2), root-mean-square fluctuation (Å), radius of gyration (nm), hydrogen bonds with hydrophobic interactions, and solvent accessible surface area (Å2) values for 50 ns. The simulated data mining was conducted using advanced programming algorithms to establish the final enzyme-substrate complexing strength in binding and catalysis. Results: Among the lignin-degrading enzymes, versatile peroxidase shows promising catalytic activity with the best docking pose and significant values in all the dynamic simulation parameters. Similarly, Melanocarpus albomyces endoglucanase shows the best activity in all aspects of molecular docking and dynamics among the cellulose-degrading enzymes. Conclusion: The lignin content of biomass wastes can be degraded into cellulose and hemicellulose using lignin-degrading enzymes. The cellulose can be further degraded into glucose and xylose sugars following the cellulose-degrading enzyme activity. These sugars can be further degraded into biofuel through anaerobic fermentation. Systematic bioconversion of the lignocellulosic components can ensure sustainable biomass management, creating an alternative food and energy source for human beings to face the challenges of global hunger where the enzymes can pave the way. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 19-32]
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]