Poultry layer houses are mostly open house system that generally faced with flies and odour and has become nuisance factors to society and the environment. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of applying EM in controlling pollutant gas emission at poultry layer house. A commercial poultry layer farmwas selected. Two treatments were carried out, the control without any application of microorganisms and the treated group with commercial microorganism application. Atmospheric ammonia and hydrogen sulphide were measured using a special instrument called ‘multi-gas detector’. The levels of ammonia and hydrogensulphide were measured twice a week. Odour production cannot be completely prevented on a farm. Therefore, most odour control methods are designed to keep or dissipate odours within the farm boundary, thus minimising odour complaints from surrounding neighbours. This paper reports that applying of effective microorganisms into the manure showed some positive influence in controlling atmospheric ammonia levels.

This study was carried out to investigate the role of both calcium chloride and Vitamin C in protection against the deterioration effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure on thyroid function .Fifty adult male rats were used, which divided randomly into five equal groups, the first group: The animals of this group served as control group administrated distilled water orally by gavage. Second group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavage. Third group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) + Calcium Chloride (20mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavage. Fourth group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) + Vitamin C (100mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavage. Fifth group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) + Calcium Chloride (20mg/kg.bw/day) + Vitamin C (100mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavag . The treatment continued for 45 days. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed under anesthesia. Blood samples were taken and the serum was separated for the study of the thyroid hormones, and tissue samples of the thyroid gland were taken for histological changes. The study showed a significant elevation in thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH), and a significant reduction in tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) hormones concentration in NaF treated group compared with control, however a significant improvement were recorded in above cited parameters in all treated groups. Histopathological study revealed hyperplasia include presence of large number of small follicles in NaF treated group whereas a significant amelioration were found in all other treated groups which appeared semi-normal compared with control group

This study was to investigate study the effect of adding the aqueous extract of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) by two different levels to drink water to improve the productive efficiency and some physiological characteristics of the broiler. The study was carried out on 180 chicks of Hubbard at one day old. They were divided randomly into three groups (60 bird in each group) with three replicates for each group (20 bird for each replicate. In this experment, the bird was given two types of diets, the first diet was a starter that has been feeding on the 1-2٢ day age-old , whereas the second diet was finisher that has been feeding on 2٣-4٨ day age-old. The experimental treatments divided into three groups. In control group, birds drink free water without any addition. In group T1, birds received 1% of aqueous extract of clove flower in drinking water, whereas group T2 received 5% of aqueous extract of clove flower in drinking water. The current study showed a significant improvement (p

During the period of seven months from October 2016 to May 2017, 299 samples were collected, 152(51%) human samples, of which 69 (45.4%) were from urine and 83 (54.6%) were from children suffering from diarrhea in hospitals in AlBasra governorate. 147 (49.2%) samples were from fecal of animals, of which 82 (55.8% ) samples were from buffalo and 65(44.2%) were from cow .A total of 101 E. coli serotype O157: isolates out of 299 were suspected E. coli analyzed 52/101 (34.2%%) were from human 16 (10.5%) samples were from urine and 36 (23.7%) samples were from stool . and 49/101(33.3%) were from animal 33(22.4%) samples were from buffalo and 16 (10.9%) samples were from cow . On the other hand 68(22.7%) isolates out of 299 were suspected K. pneumoniae analyzed 41/68 (27%)were from human 28/41( 18.4%) isolates were from urine samples and 13/41 (8.6%) isolates were from stool samples and 27/68 (18.4%) were from animal 16 (10.9%) samples were from buffalo and 11(7.5%) samples were from cow).All suspected isolates were subjected to testing biochemical. It was found that 10 out of 101 were 4 isolates of animal faeces (2 buffalo and 2 cows).six isolates of 52 isolates (4 of the children's stool samples and 2 of the urine samples) 19.5% nonfermented sorbitol (NSFEC).The isolates were tested against 14 different antibiotics

The present study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of bay leaf extract(BLE) on some biochemical parameters of laboratory diabetic male rats (Rattusnorvegicas) induced by Alloxan .The study consisted of thirty adult male rats randomly divided into five equal group(six of each ). As follow :Group one the animals treated by intra peritoneal injection (IP) of normal saline solution (0.25ml),Group two the animal treated by oral gavage with (BLE) at dose (500 mg /Kg/BW) daily .Group three , rats were treated I.P with 100 mg /Kg BW single dose of alloxan(Allox).Group four .The diabetic rats were given orally by oral gavage low dose of ( BLE)(250 mg /Kg/BW ) daily. Group five ,diabetic rats were given by oral gavage high dose of BLE(500 mg /Kg/BW ) daily for 3 weeks.At the end of experiments period ,rats were sacrificed ,blood were collected by cardiac puncture to investigate biochemical parameters which included glucose ,liver enzyme (ALT,AST and ALP ) lipid profile TG , TC ,HDL-c , LDL-c , ,Total serum protein, Blood urea, and Creatinine concentration . Result indicated a significant increased in Glucose,ALT, AST, ALP, TC, TG, LDL-c ,urea, and Creatinineinin diabetic animal whereas HDL-c significantly decreased

This study was conducted to identify the erythromycin resistance genes in the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and its molecular characterization after isolating the bacteria from the samples of domestic animals and their products during the period from September 2016 to March 2017 from different areas in Basra city. 200 samples were collected from animals including: 40 samples from meat, 50 samples from raw milk, 30 samples from treated milk, 40 samples from cow's nasal swabs and 40 samples from cow's teat swabs. Results showed that from 200 collected samples only 108 were CoNS distributed in 22(15.1%), 18(12.4%),10(6.8%), 26(17.9%),32(22%), from meat, raw milk, treated milk, nasal swabs and teat swabs respectively. Samples were planted on the selecting mannitol salt medium to isolate Staphylococcus spp. which had the ability to grow on the mentioned medium. When the coagulation test was performed, some isolates were not able to produce the coagulation enzyme, and the results showed that 108 isolates were coagulase negative (54%). Twenty-two isolates of minced meat 55%, 18 isolates of cow's milk (36%), 10 isolates of milk sold (33%), 26 isolates of the nose of the animal (65%) and 32 isolates of animal teat swabs (80%). Twenty-five isolates of these negative staphylococci were identified using VITEK 2 kit. The result showed that 10(40%) isolates identified as coagulase negative Staphylococcus and fall in87 four species including 4 (40%) Staphylococcus lentus, 4 (40%) Staphylococcus gallinarum, 1 (10%) Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and 1 (10%) Staphylococcus chromogen. When the ermA, ermB, ermC and msrA genes were investigated by PCR the result showed that they contain the genes in a percentage 5%, 20%, 20% and 5% respectively. By using the multiplex PCR molecular weight technique (ermA, ermC) and (msrA, ermC), the ratio of both genes was 15% and 5% respectively.

The effects of Cinnamon zeylanicum (CZ) bark extracts on productivity of male diabetic albino rats testosterone stages were studied. The experimentation was carried out on 24 male albino rats allocated into 4 equivalent groups of 6 animals each. One group was served as a normal control, whereas rats of the groups (2) were given Alloxan (120 mg.B.W / day for 3 days) by intraperitoneal injection for induction of diabetes was leftward as a diabetic control, while rats of groups (3) CZ extract treated by 500 mg.kg B.W.orally, while rats of groups (4) CZ extract treated 500 mg. BW orally,for 6 weeks without alloxan treatment. Results showed that oral administration of CZ extracts to diabetic rats for 6 weeks significant increased serum testosterone levels. The dose of extracts ameliorated the degenerative lesions which found in diabetic rats testes, This study recommend that drinking of CZ bark as a extract may be beneficial for diabetic patients who suffer from sexual impotency as it improve fertility and lessen the high blood glucose level in male diabetic rats.

The present study was designated to illustrate the morphological , histological and histochemical features of adrenal gland of local domestic pigeons (coulumba livia domestica) in Basrah province . Ten adrenal glands used in the study collected from Karrmat Ali Village, Iraq . Immediately after collection the adrenal glands were subjected for morphological histological and histochemical study. The study revealed that the pigeon have paired small glands located in the abdominal cavity at the anterior pole of the kidneys . The gland was elongated in shape and showed creamy or grayish in color. Histologically , the glands was unsheathed with thin fibro – elastic connective tissue capsule containing many blood vessels . The cortical tissues were arranged into two zones; peripheral (sub capsular) and inner (central). The cells of sub capsular are arranged in curved cord , each cord had polyhedral acidophilic cells. On the other hand, the histological examination of the cortex of adrenal glands contains autonomic ganglia associated with glandular capsule ,contains nerve cells and fibers. The inner cortical cells showed straight and curved cords in longitudinal sections, each composed of two types of cells acidophilc cells and chromaffin cells .The Histochemical study revealed presence lipids droplets in the gland , in addition to elastic fibers in the capsules and among the cells of glands .

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in meat-producing animals, especially ruminants, represents a major problem for human and animal and also could increase the patient's morbidity and mortality. The gallbladder may be a sit of persistence and a source for fecal shedding of certain enteric food-borne pathogen resistant to many antimicrobial agents. In the current study 80 samples (32 bile, 48 epithelium) were examined to isolate the enteric pathogen;AII samples were cultured on primary and selective. The frequency of isolation of microorganisms was (60% )in the epithelium and (40% ) in the bile. The major pathogen isolated were (68.57%) Proteus spp. (21.25%)E-coli ,(7.5)Citrobacter ,(1.25) Psudomnas. and(1.25)Klebsiella.The antibiotic resistance was determined by Kirby-bauer disc diffusion method using 10 of routine and practical antibiotics. In antimicrobial testing from both bile and gallbladder epithelium showed sensitivity to the following antimicrobial :amikacin, cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin, kanamycin and ciprofloxacin. In conclusion , the current study provide helpful insights into the prevalence of food source pathogens. High level of antibiotic resistance in proteus spp and Ecoli that could transmit to humans through meat and meat products need for monitoring system on the incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric pathogens in meat animals in slaughterhouses.

Water salinity represents the most difficult challenge facing the livestock in Basrah province,therefore, twelve dairy cattle obtained from Farm of College of veterinary Medicine \Universityof Basrah. These animals were included and administrated salt water for 60 days with regularfeed supplementation and then administrated pure water(R-O) for another 60 days. All clinicalsigns were recorded during the study period and the blood sample was collected from cows inboth cases. Sodium, Sulphur and total antioxidant capacity values were measured. Four milkingcows were dead during the period of study as a result of high water salinity. Serum sodium andsulfate values were rise significantly when compared with the period of drinking pure waterwhile the effectiveness of total antioxidant capacity significantly decreased in dairy cows drinksalt water. This study investigated the deleterious effect of sodium and sulfate rises on total antioxidantcapacity in dairy cows.