Human rabies transmitted by dogs still kills thousands of people each year worldwide. Dog bites are common in the city of Beni (Democratic Republic of Congo), which shows low rabies vaccination coverage. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the rabies vaccination status of dogs. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the town of Beni among dog owners, during a household survey selected using a multistage sampling. The information sought concerned the knowledge and characteristics of the dog owners as well as the vaccination status of these dogs. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between the vaccination status of the dogs and the main independent factors. Rabies vaccination coverage in Beni was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22% – 30%). The main factors associated with the rabies vaccination status of the dog were primary education level of household head (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:4.8; 95% CI: 1.2– 19.8); university education level of household head (aOR: 5.9; 95% CI: 1.6–22); perceived rabies severity (aOR: 44. 4; 95% CI: 10.4–188), having more than one dog in the household (aOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.6–4.3); age range 7–12 months (aOR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1–0.6) and confined dog breeding (aOR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.1–14.9). The low vaccination coverage in Beni requires mass vaccination campaigns against canine rabies targeting the dog owners with low education levels, those raising more than one dog, with stray dogs or dogs less than 12 months old.

This study aims to determine the histological and histomorphometric characteristics of the skin of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus), ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), and doves (Columba livia) in the ventral abdominal region. Each study sample consisted of six individuals. The samples were processed into histological preparations with a thickness of 5 m and then stained using Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE). The results showed that the histological structure of the skin of domestic fowl, ducks, and doves is relatively thin compared to the structure of mammalian skin and consists of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutis). The histomorphometric data analysis showed that the thickness of the epidermal layer of the skin in the ventral abdominal region of domestic fowl, ducks, and doves was not significantly different (P0.05), but there were significant differences (P0.05) in the thickness of the dermis and hypodermis. It can be concluded that a similarity exists in the histological structure of the skin of domestic fowl, ducks, and doves, but differences are observed in the histomorphometric properties of the skin in the ventral abdominal region of these birds.

Pediculosis capitis is an ectoparasitic disease that lives on the human scalp and caused by Pediculus humanus capitis. This incident is categorized as a neglected case, but the impact is quite significant. The incident can give a negative impact, including physical, psychological, social and school perceptions or learning impairment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the incidence of pediculosis capitis with the quality of life of female students of Madrasah Ulumul Quran Sigli. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples were collected by the total sampling method. The results obtained from 155 respondents who met the inclusion criteria found that 124 respondents (80%) had pediculosis capitis and 31 respondents (20%) with no pediculosis capitis. Statistical analysis using the chi square test obtained a p value of 0.000 (0.05). The conclusion was found that there was a relationship between the incidence of pediculosis capitis and the quality of life of female students of Madrasah Ulumul Quran Sigli.

Parkinson's is a neurological disease that is rapidly increasing to surpass Alzheimer's disease. Parkinson's disease causes a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons, which can lead to disturbances in attention, memory, and motivation. Damage to dopaminergic nerve cells is caused by increased free radicals (ROS) levels in tissues and cells, thus inducing cell death signals. This study aims to determine whether red palm oil affects the acute level of Parkinson's syndrome in rats induced with paraquat. This study uses the BEAM and Cylinder tests to measure the effect of red palm oil because one of the alternative therapies for neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson's is red palm oil. The treatment was administered to paraquat-induced rats with injections given weekly for four weeks. Carotenoids are present in red palm oil at concentrations of 600 to 1000 ppm and are thought to have neuroprotective properties. As many as 30 rats were divided into three groups: K (control), PQT (paraquat 7 mg/kg body weight), and PQT+MSM (paraquat 7 mg/kg body weight + 2 ml of red palm oil). The data were then checked using the normality test Shapiro-Wilk and analyzed statistically using One-way ANOVA. The Cylinder and Beam tests were significant, with a P value of 0.00. Parkinsonian rats receiving red palm oil at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight per week for four weeks showed improved motor function compared to those receiving only paraquat. The group with red palm oil had a lower beam test value. This indicates motor improvement in Parkinson's model rats. Similarly, the cylinder test showed higher performance in the group treated with red palm oil. Based on this, it can be concluded that red palm oil influences the motor movements of Parkinson's rats. The beam test and cylinder test methods prove this. Red palm oil could decrease the acute level of motor impairments in rats with Parkinson's induced by paraquat.

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is the ability of microbes to inhibit treatment effects triggered by overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics in poultry farms. This study aims to get an overview of the risk factors of AMR. A total of 41 E. coli isolated from caecum in poultry slaughterhouses derived from broiler chicken farms in Medan and Deli Serdang. The sample was tested for AMR using the Microbroth Dilution technique (Sensititre Microplate) with standards CLSI VET01S (2015) and CLSI M100. Information on risk factors was taken from farms using a questionnaire and analyzed with a logistic regression model (EPI Info 7 CDC). The result for sensitivity to 13 types of antibiotics showed that Trimethoprim had the highest resistance (95.1%), followed by ampicillin (90.2%), gentamicin (87.8%), nalidixide acid (85.4%), cefotaxime (82.9%), and sulfamethoxazole (82.9%). In contrast, colistin and meropenem have not shown resistance. As much as 92.7% of E. coli isolates had experienced Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR), which showed AMR to more than two antibiotic groups. The risk factor of farmer knowledge about AMR was associated with the MDR of E. coli. AMR requires the coordination of the stakeholders to carry out socialization and educate farmers in providing appropriate knowledge and using antibiotics wisely.

An intact female tabby Persian cat, 26-month-old, was brought to IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital on the 21st of February, 2023, due to vaginal discharge, inappetence, and lethargy. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen, mammary gland enlargement, and fever (40.1 C). The heart and respiratory rates were 128 beats per minute and 32 times per minute, respectively. The patient body weight was 3.87 kg. The veterinarian palpated masses inside the abdominal cavity and observed obvious purulent and haemorrhagic vaginal discharge. Haematology showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and the eosinophil percentage of white blood cells was increased (eosinophilia). Blood chemistry analysis showed hyperglycaemia. Ultrasonography showed two hyperechoic masses inside two hypoechoic pouches in the queens uterus, suspected as two dead foetuses (no heartbeat). Roentgen revealed abnormalities in the vena cava caudalis, bronchial pattern in the lung, radioopaque masses in the ventral abdomen, radio-opacity changes in the small and large intestines, and abnormalities in the spleen. The patients diagnosis was pyometra, and ovariohysterectomy surgery was performed on the patient. The patient was treated with additional medicines (antibiotics and others) according to the symptoms. The patients symptoms disappeared, except for the fluctuating febrile and pale mucous membrane. A blood smear performed on the 1st of March 2023 revealed Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum) in the white blood cells, and immediately doxycycline treatment (10 mg/kg body weight, twice daily) was given. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 14th of March, 2023, with no febrile or other symptoms reported. This case is the first report of open cervix-type pyometra and anaplasmosis co-occurrence in a Persian cat from IPB University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Indonesia.

Vaccination is one of the important measures in controlling FMD in livestock. Therefore, to assess the success of FMD vaccination in livestock, it is necessary to evaluate the immune response of vaccinated animals in field conditions. This research aims to examines the effectiveness of foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccination in North Sumatra Province and the factors influencing its success. The calculations using multiple logistic regression showed that the factors that significantly influence the effectiveness of FMD vaccination are time of vaccination, maintenance system, disinfection of cages, and farms implementing biosecurity. Based on the research that has been carried out, the advice that can be given to the North Sumatra Provincial Government is to pay attention to small-scale breeders. Because many smallholder farmers still lack knowledge, especially in implementing biosecurity.

Recurrent urethral obstruction (rUO) is a critical condition predominantly affecting male Persian cats, necessitating urgent veterinary care due to its high morbidity and potential mortality. This case report details a five-year-old male Persian cat with a history of five episodes of urethral obstruction, despite neutering after the second incident. The cat presented with symptoms including excessive straining and inappropriate urination. Diagnostic evaluations involved physical examination, urinalysis, urine sedimentation, radiography, and ultrasonography. Laboratory results revealed abnormalities such as elevated leukocyte count, blood, protein, nitrites, and struvite crystals in the urine. Radiographic and ultrasonographic imaging indicated an enlarged and firm urinary bladder with no visible stones, but a thickening of the bladder wall and crystal accumulation were noted. The management strategy included immediate relief of obstruction via catheterization and long-term dietary adjustments, though the cat's habit of consuming non-prescribed food contributed to recurrent episodes. This report highlights the challenges in managing rUO in Persian cats and emphasizes the importance of comprehensive diagnostic procedures, strict dietary management, and ongoing monitoring to prevent recurrence. The findings contribute to the existing literature on feline lower urinary tract diseases (FLUTD) and offer insights for veterinarians in clinical practice, suggesting that prolonged catheterization and strict adherence to a specialized urinary diet may reduce recurrence rates and improve outcomes for affected cats.

Basic life support (BLS) is a first-aid measure performed to restore vital organ functions in cardiac or respiratory arrest patients. This research was conducted on the students of the Veterinary Medicine Faculty in the 2018th and 2019th entry years from November 15th 30th, 2021. This study was a descriptive observational study using a cross-sectional research design. Two hundred two respondents in this study were selected by stratified random sampling. Data from respondents were collected using an online questionnaire via Google Forms. The results of this study indicated that most respondents were 20 years old (46.5%), female (65.8%), and the number of respondents from each generation was the same. The data analysis of the respondents' basic life support showed that they possessed a minimal level of knowledge (60.9%), good attitude (66.8%), and good awareness (56.9%). According to these findings, most students had positive attitudes and awareness of basic life support. The aspect of knowledge about basic life support practices among these students falls into the poor category; therefore, there is a need to step up the socialization and training process.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 to evaluate the occurrence of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases in ruminants in and around Bishoftu town, central Ethiopia. A total of 437 ruminants (216 cattle, 141 sheep, and 80 goats) brought to the open-air Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, were sampled using simple random sampling. Accordingly, the occurrence of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases was found to be 59% (258), and out of these animals, 195 (44.6%) were infected with ectoparasites, of which 111 (25.4%) were bovine, 27 (6.2%) were caprine, and 57 (13%) were ovine. The major ectoparasite species identified were Amblyomma variegatum (13%), A. gemma (0.7%), A. cohaerens (1.8%), A. nymph (3.2%), H. truncatum (2.7%), Boophilus decoloratus (6.2%), Rhipicephalus pulchellus (1.8%), R. eversi (0.7%), Damalinia ovis (3%), Linognatus vituli (5.5%), Psoroptes (0.7%), Demodex bovis (0.5%), Ctenocephalides canis (0.7%) and Ct. felis (5.03). On the other hand, the associated skin diseases infesting animals were: 63 (14.4%), lumpy skin disease (0.9%), sheep pox (5.5%), goat pox (5%), dermatophilosis (0.2%), contagious ecthyma in caprine (2.1%), and contagious ecthyma in ovine (0.7%). The findings of the present study suggest that ectoparasites and associated skin diseases in and around Bishoftu are still widespread and economically important constraints for the productivity and use of ruminants. Hence, stringent adherence to the control of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases is required as a responsibility of the concerned government body based on professional research results in the study area.