Analysis of performance of industrial broiler chicken data reveals that, summer season has recorded significantly (P<0.01) higher market age of 39.98 days and the highest market weight was recorded in winter (2.33 kg).   The lowest market weight was recorded in summer (2.20 kg) with significantly (P<0.01) poorest feed conversion ratio of 1.70. The high negative correlation coefficient of -0.88 was observed between feed conversion ratio and Broiler Performance Efficiency Factor (BPEF) score which indicates that, feed efficiency is a single largest factor influencing the BPEF score, while market age has the positive correlation with feed conversion ratio (0.63), which means market age has negative association with feed efficiency. It is concluded that, though feed efficiency is a single largest factor in influencing the BPEF score, while market age is indirectly influencing feed efficiency which in turn is a decision of integrator.

A non-descript doe was diagnosed for fetal maceration. Incompletely dilated cervix hindered manual removal of fetal bones per vaginum. Hence C-section was performed.  Since fetal bones were severely embedded to the endometrium, the uterine horn embedded with the   fetal bones was amputated. The doe recovered uneventfully after follow-up treatment.

This  research  study  was  undertaken  to  find out  the  Participation  pattern and information sharing behaviour of farmers in WhatsApp social media. The data were collected by both interview method and participant observation technique. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics; association with participation pattern and the variables were captured by using chi square and Mann Whitney U test; relationship between selected independent variables and tendency to access and share information in WhatsApp group was studied using logistic regression model. The results revealed that 51.70 % of the farmers used WhatsApp mainly for sharing of farm related information, had a WhatsApp usage period of ranging from 0.3 to 10 years, possess membership in seven groups and as group admin in more than one group with 10 to 360 minutes time spent per day. Selected independent variables viz., type of group, number of membership and admin status, WhatsApp and internet usage period, relationship with group members, role in content generation, age and involvement in specialized farming all together explained 60 per cent of variations in tendency to access and share information in social media.

Rabies in dogs can be diagnosed by ante-mortem examination that plays an important role in early identification of infection in dogs. An unvaccinated 4 month old male dog was admitted in Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex at Madras Veterinary College with the clinical symptoms of respiratory distress, paresis, anorectic hyperesthesia, relaxed rectal sphincter, hypothermia, congested mucous membrane, frothy salivation, brownish diarrhoea.  It was suspected for Rabies and was admitted in the rabies ward unit. The dog was screened for rabies viral antigen in salivary smear and corneal impression smears and confirmed for rabies by FAT in ante-mortem examination. After 2 days, death of animal was confirmed for rabies by post-mortem examination by Williams Modified Van Gieson’s Staining method. The results confirmed the presence of rabies  in that animal.

A cow was presented with an avulsed horn in the right orbit following fight with another cow. The plain radiography could not confirm the depth or shape of the lodged foreign body as the presence of bony orbit impaired the visualisation of the shape of less radiopaque horn shell. Contrast radiography was performed using 5 ml diluted iohexol. This helped in ascertaining the depth of the foreign body and shape of the end of the foreign body and the possible damage to the underlying tissues. The bony orbit was intact. The horn was removed under auriculopalpebral and retrobulbar nerve block. But there was irreparable damage to the eye, progressive shrinkage of extraocular muscles leading to enophthalmos and downward deviation of the eye ball. This is the first reported case of contrast radiography of an avulsed horn in the orbit of a cow.

An 8-year-old male kathiawari horse was presented to Large Animal Surgery Unit of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu, with a history of cloudiness and lacrimation of the right eye with worm crawling for the past 3 days. Ophthalmic examination revealed a thread like worm swimming inside the anterior chamber of eye and mild opacity was noticed in the right eye. Under xylazine-ketamine general anaesthesia and proparacaine topical analgesia, the worm was surgical removed by needle paracentesis. Postoperatively, the horse was administered antibiotics and anti-inflammatories along with inj. Tetanus toxoid. The horse was dewormed with oral ivermectin. A complete resolution of lacrimation and corneal opacity was noticed on 20th postoperative day.

Pneumovagina is a prevalent condition in older Thoroughbred mares, characterized by the abnormal entry of air into the vagina which leads to chronic endometritis. Poor vulvar conformation in such mares predisposes them to infections, leading to chronic reproductive issues like subfertility. The mare was presented with history of purulent vaginal discharge and inappetence for past one week. Based on the physical, clinical and ultrasonographic examinations, the condition was confirmed as pneumovagina with uterine distension and endometritis. The treatment included antibiotics based on microbial sensitivity, uterine lavage, and performed Caslick’s operation, where the vulvar lips were surgically sutured and reduced the length and diameter of vulva. After postoperative therapy, the mare recovered uneventfully. A follow-up wind-sucker test was negative, and there were no signs of pneumovagina. Caslick’s operation proved to be a successful intervention for managing recurrent endometritis due to pneumovagina in Thoroughbred mares. This case emphasizes the importance of timely surgical correction in preventing further reproductive complications.

Hoof health is one of the key factors in maintaining proper animal health, longevity and productivity. Hoof health influences the overall well-being of animals, so it is a concern for the dairy farmers. It is a serious welfare issue also. In this article  common  hoof  disorders  of  cattle  and  various  risk  factors  associated  with hoof health and the common management practices suggested to improve the hoof health of the cattle and thus to improve overall health and productivity are discussed.

A study was conducted to compare the carcass characteristics of indigenous Siruvidai, Kadaknath and Nandanam Broiler-3 chicken reared under cage system of management. The birds were reared in brooder cages from 0 to 12 weeks of age and grower cages from 13 to16 weeks of age. A total of 24 birds (12 males + 12 females) were selected randomly from each genetic group to study the carcass characteristics. The pre-slaughter body weight and processing yields like New York dressed, eviscerated and ready-to-cook yields were significantly (P<0.05) higher in Nandanam Broiler-3 compared to Kadaknath and indigenous Siruvidai chicken. In processing losses, Kadaknath birds showed significantly (P<0.05) higher feather loss (7.63 %) and head loss (4.76 %), while Nandanam Broiler-3 chicken had significantly (P<0.05) higher blood loss (2.92 %) but lower feather loss (5.48 %), indicating breed-specific variations in body components. The cut-up parts analysis revealed that breast yield was similar across all the breeds (25.28 to 25.78 %); while, Kadaknath chicken showed significantly (P<0.05) higher neck (10.29 %), drumstick (16.87%), and wing (11.73%) yields and indigenous Siruvidai chicken had significantly (P<0.05) higher thigh yield (14.29%). Indigenous breeds (Siruvidai and Kadaknath) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher giblets  (6.04-6.67  %)  and  liver  (1.82-1.84  %)  yields,  and  intestinal  measurements (13.42  to  13.44  %  relative  length)  compared  to  Nandanam  Broiler-3  chicken.

A study was carried out in pregnant sows with iron supplementation to assess the hematological variables as well as prevalence of stillbirth condition in the litter. A total of 12 pregnant sows of Large White Yorkshire were selected and divided into two groups under this study. Blood samples were collected at three different intervals during  pregnancy  and  after  farrowing.  The  first blood  collection  was  carried  out before administering iron injection and parentral iron supplementation (2000 mg intramuscularly) was done at 15 days interval. The second collection of blood was done after treatment just before farrowing. The third collection of blood was done at three weeks immediately after farrowing and the samples were analyzed by using auto analyser. The occurrence of stillbirth and total number of live piglets born were calculated during the farrowing. The variability in hematologic parameter and still birth condition of sows were analyzed by standard statistical method. The average value of heme protein concentration in sow was 11.52 gm /dl prior to farrowing. The litter size of 9.83 (0.87) and 0.33 (0.21) were achieved with respective of piglets born and stillborn piglets in iron supplemented group. Though the occurrence of still born condition between treated and control group did not differ significantly but had significant effect on total born piglets between groups.