The study was designed to assess the hygienic condition of local and imported tableegg-shell at Mosul markets. Two hundred local and imported eggs were randomlycollected from the markets and transferred immediately to the scientific research unitin the college of Veterinary medicine / University of Mosul for bacteriologicalexamination. Total counts using four types of medias were used: Standard Plate Countager (SPC), Mac Conkey ager, Violet Red Bile Glucose ager (VRBG) and TryptoneBile X-glucoronide (TBX) for Escherichia coli and fecal coliform bacteria. Resultsshowed that the means of total viable coliform and E. coli bacterial count in the localegg-shell at different markets ranged from 0.3 to 3 x107 on SPC agar, 0.08-10x107 onMac Conkey ager, 0.014-3x105 on (VRBG) and 0.3-7x104 on (TBX) compared with0.032-5x107 on SPC agar, 0.03-3.3x105 on Mac Conkey ager, 0.014-5.9x104 on(VRBG) with no growth on (TBX) for coliform and E. coli in the imported table-eggshell at different markets. Biochemical tests for local and imported table egg-shellwere performed. It was concluded that the rate of contamination in the local tableeggs was more than the imported one and the isolates of E. coli bacteria were obtainedonly from local eggs on the TBX medium.

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of add supplement (FCS andE2) on culture media (Ham’s F-10 and DMEM) on in vitro maturation , in vitrofertilization(IVF) and embryo development. This study was conducted at thelaboratories of Theriogenology, Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College ofVeterinary Medicine, Basrah University, during the period extended from January2017 to the end of April 2018. The samples of study were female reproductive systemand male testis (150 Ovaries and 30 testes) collected from (Al-Basrah abattoir house)after slaughter at fifteen minutes. All samples were transported in sterilize and cleancool boxes at (4-8ºC) within 1-2hrs to the center research unit. Oocytes were collectedby aspiration method. Only grad A and B quality oocytes were selected and incubatedin an appropriate maturation medium (Ham’s F-10 and DMEM) at (38.5 C), 5% CO2and 95% relative humidity for 24-28 hrs. Spermatozoa were obtained by slicing ofcaudal epididymal of buffalo's bull. Sperms with matured oocytes were incubated inan appropriate maturation medium at (38.5 C), 5% CO2 and 95% relative humidityfor 16 -20 hrs. then the fertilized ova were re-incubated in fresh media with changes50% of media every day and examined every 24hrs for( 4) days to follow embryonicdevelopment The results showed:There was high significant (P<0.01) difference in the percentage of Oocytesmaturation in Ham’s F-10 and DMEM with supplement (FCS and E2) media groupscompared with control media groups. The results also showed highsignificant(P<0.01) difference in the percentage of Oocytes fertilized in Ham’s F-10 and DMEM supplement (FCS and E2) media groups compared with control mediagroups.

This study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of Ocimum basilicumseeds oil and Linum usitatissimum seeds oil on heart function, antioxidant and lipid profile test, wheninduced acute myocardial infarction in rabbits by isoproterenol. Thirty-six male rabbits were dividedinto six groups: group (C): control negative, group (ISO): received isoproterenol (control positive),(BP) group: basil seed oil protective group, (FP) group: flaxseed oil protective group, (BT) group:basil seed oil treated group and (FT) group: flaxseed oil treated group. ECG and blood samplestropnine I, antioxidant enzymes and lipid profile were done. The analysis of ECG in rabbits treatedwith isoproterenol showed T wave inversion and an increase in heart rate. While rabbits treated withbasil oil and flaxseed oil restored T wave and heart rate to near normal. The results of the experimentrevealed that administration of basil oil and flaxseed oil in all groups caused a significant decrease(p˂0.05) in cardiac troponin I and lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, VLDL) and significant increase(p˂0.05) in HDL and antioxidant enzymes Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and SuperoxideDismutase (SOD) compare with ISO group. The study concluded the basil oil and flaxseed oil havecardioprotective and ameliorative effects against acute myocardial infarction induced byisoproterenol in experimental animals

This project was designed to evaluate the effect of low level leaser therapy(LLLT) on the induced chronic defect in the tibial bone of rabbits radiographically ,and physically,eight adults local breed rabbits of both sexes were employed toinduced 2.5 mm in diameter circular defect in the tibial bone surgically under generalanesthesia and highly aseptic technique ,the induced hole was implanted with 2.5 mmstainless steel screw ,that removed from the bone after one and half month postoperation , the experimental animals randomly divided into two equal groups fouranimas of each, the control group was lifted for normal healing process of the bonedefect without any treatment ,while the treatment group was exposed daily with singledosage of continuous diode laser for five minutes of 850 nm and 148.4 j/cm2 at 72hours interval for 14 days post operation (p.o.) ,the radiographic results in thetreatment group showed increase in the bone density around the induced defect withnew bone formation fill the cavity at the end of 2nd week p.o. then increase in thebone density and volume at the end of 4th week p.o. compare with the control groupthat the density and the new bone formation less than treatment group ,the physicalanalysis revealed increase in the bone density and hardiness with significant increasein fractures tolerance in the treatment group compare with the control group .Inconclusion that the LLLT successfully used for repairing the critical ( chronic) defectin tibial bones in rabbits .

Parabronema skrjabini is a spirurid nematode of the family Habronematidae thatlives in the abomasum of ruminants such as sheep and goats. The purpose of this studywas to investigate the molecular aspects of Parabronema skrjabini in Basrah. Theworms were collected from slaughtered sheep and goats in Basrah slaughter housebetween the period from June, 2016 to January, 2017, with total number of abomasum'sexamined sheep (576) and goat ( 150 ). An internal transcribed spacer 2 ribosomalDNA (ITS2-rDNA) fragment of P. skrjabini was amplified by polymerase chainreaction (PCR) using a pair of specific primers (Para-Ir-R and Para-Ir-F). ITS2-rDNAsequences by using PCR technique assay which based on a 783-bp long sequence ofthe 28S rRNA gene, the total genomic DNA has been extracted by extracting kit withsome modification. ITS2 homology in different isolates was between (81–86%)compared with the sequence data in GenBank. To our knowledge, this is the first studyin Iraq exploring the genetic diversity of Parabronema in sheep and goats.

This investigation was carried out to point out structural histomorphological changes that take place in the ovaries of female local rabbits at three different postnatal periods of their life that were kitten, immature and mature does. To conduct such project, 24 rabbits were collected (8 for each age) from the local breeders. Rabbits were euthanized, dissected and subsequently ovaries were collected and fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin then subjected to routine processing such as dehydration, clearing, embedding and block preparation. Finally, sections of 6 µm were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome stains. Gross findings showed two functional bilateral elongated triangular-shaped ovaries situated in the abdominal cavity suspended by mesovarian ligament with absence of true ovarian bursa. Microscopic findings revealed prominent structural changes in the ovaries of immature does compared to those of kittens and mature does indicated that immature does after the period of weaning face great developmental growth and changes. The data showed the presence of pre-ovulatory follicles in the mature does and no signs of ovulation because these animals are induced ovulators and that does subjected to the study were all virgin and not allowed for mating with the males.

The present study designed to investigate the effects of the extracted policosanol on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic lactating female rats (Ratus norvigicus). Forty-eight female rat (10-12) weeks old, and weighting (200-250 gm) were used in the current study. After daily vaginal smear for 3 sequences estrus cycles, they mated with twenty-four healthy adult fertile males weighting (280-350 gm), 24 of these females were induced to be hypercholesterolemic during the pregnancy, and others still healthy. Sugarcane was collected from Mesan province and policosanol was extracted from sugarcane wax. Immediately after birth, the animals were divided into 6  groups: Group 1 (n=8) (Control): Normal rats were given only 0.5 ml/ animal of Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) daily immediately after birth. Group 2 (n=8) hyperchol. (HC): Hpercholestrolemic rats were given only DMSO 0.5 ml/ animal daily immediately after birth. Group 3(n=8) (HC+SM): Hpercholestrolemic rats were given simvastatin at dose 20mg/kg BW/ day dissolved in DMSO orally by gavages' immediately after birth. Group 4(n=8) (SM): Normal rats were given only simvastatin at dose 20mg/kg BW/ day dissolve xsqqs ed in DMSO orally by gavages' immediately after birth. Group 5 (n= 8) (HC+ST. pol): Hypercholesterolemic rats were given standard policosanol at dose 20mg/kg BW/day orally by gavages' immediately after birth. Finally, group 6(n=8)( HC+EX. pol): Hypercholesterolemic rats were given policosanol extraction at dose 20mg/kg BW/day orally by gavages immediately after birth.  The treatment continued until weaning ( 30 days). All animals were then sacrificed and blood samples were collected for measuring of lipid parameters. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) in all groups. Results revealed a significant improvement in TC level was recorded in (HC+SM) group and no difference was observed as compared with the control group. While the level of TC in (SM), (HC+ST.pol) and (HC+EX.pol) treated groups decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) compared with the control group, (HC) and (HC+SM) treated groups. No significant differences in HDL-C were observed between (HC+EX.pol) and control group. While the level of HDL-C still significantly lower in all other treated groups compared with the control group. A significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in LDL-C level was recorded in all treated groups compared with (HC) group. No significant differences were observed in LDL-C between (SM), (HC+ST. pol) and (HC+EX.pol) compared with the control group. While the LDL-C still significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in (HC+SM) compared with the control group. Levels of triglyceride (TG) in (HC+SM),(HC+ST.pol) and (HC+EX.pol) treated groups recorded a significant elevation ( p≤ 0.05)  as compared with the control group. While levels of TG in (SM) treated group was significantly decreased (p≤0.05) as compared with the control group. Conclusion: local sugar cane can be used to extract the policosanol which has an antihyperlipidemic effect on hypercholesterolemic lactating female rats.

The study was performed to the study synergistic effect of Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid  (EDTA) and Imipenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were  isolated from cheese at Hilla province. Cheese samples 70 were collected randomly from (Retail, supermarkets and dairy shops) in Hilla and were transported to the laboratory.     The result revealed (45%)   Pseudomonas aeruginous detecte were collected from cheese. These isolates were tested for disk diffusion method for susceptibility of  imipenem. Eight isolates  were  resistant , and  (84.3%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain were sensitive  (84.3%)  to EDTA alone.     Also, the result showed of Synergistic EDTA- IMP disc diffusion against (8) isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed (87.5%) isolates were sensitive. However; the The result showed significant (P < 0.05) of susceptibility to (8) P. aeruginosa isolates to imipenem with and without EDTA. In conclusion, according to the present study can use oxidant agent inhibition of growth bacteria specific P. aeruginosa such as ethylene diamene tetra acidic acid (EDTA) and can used in preserving food specific sold cheese.

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of CoQ10 and DHEA and their combination of norfloxacin induced embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in pregnant female rats and their fetuses. Twenty pregnant rats were divided equally into 5 groups, 4 animals each group as following: Control group (G1): 4 normal pregnant female received orally DMSO 0.5ml/animal/day from 5th - 19th day of gestation, first treated group (T1): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once daily, second treated group (T2): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once daily and after 1hours injected daily with CoQ10 200 mg/kg IP, third treated group (T3): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once daily and after 1hours injected daily with DHEA 25 mg/kg IP, and fourth treated group (T4): 4 normal pregnant female received orally 400 mg/kg norfloxacin once daily and after 1hours injected daily with a combination of CoQ10 200 mg/kg and DHEA 25 mg/kg IP for the same period. Norfloxacin was administered by oral gavages as a single dose. All dams were sacrificed at 20th day of gestation and their fetuses were collected and subjected to morphological and skeletal examinations. The obtained results showed that exposure to norfloxacin in pregnant female rats during gestational period from 5th -19th day demonstrated a significant increased (P≤ 0.05) is resorbed and stillbirth fetuses (dead fetuses at birth), and a significant decrease in fetal body weight, fetal body length, fetal tail length, maternal weight gain and placental weight; and also caused skeletal malformation in all cranial bone compared to the control group. It has been concluded that CoQ10 and DHEA prevented and treated morphological and skeletal anomalies in rat fetuses. Therefore, CoQ10 and DHEA are potential therapeutic antioxidant agents against fetotoxicity and teratogenicity induced by oxidative stress generated by norfloxacin intoxication.

An identified local virulent Egyptian strain of turkey pox virus (TPV) was attenuated on specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) for production of specific turkey pox vaccine. Forty serial passages of the virus were applied on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of SPF ECE, so titration of the serial passages were undergone in which the highest titres (107.0, 107.1 and 107.1 EID50/ml) were recorded for the passages 30, 35 and 40, respectively. The pathogenicity of the 10th, 20th, 30th and 40th passages were tested by inoculation in susceptible turkeys. The passage of 30th and 40th passages produced the most acceptable post vaccinal reaction (pvr) beside giving the highest virus titre of the attenuated passages. The selected field dose which gave only takes (swelling of the skin) at the site of injection in susceptible turkeys and withstood challenge with the virulent turkey pox virus one month later was 104.0 EID50/ml. The prepared vaccine tested for sterility, safety and potency tests and proved to be potent for the vaccinated turkeys which resisted the challenge for 9 months post vaccination. Antibody levels in the serum of vaccinated turkeys were estimated by serum neutralization test, where neutralizing antibodies expressed as neutralizing index were appeared from the 1st week (1.0 NI) and reached its peak on the 3rd week (2.2 NI) post vaccination