Purpose. To identify and describe the basic criteria for studying and assessing decorative and economic-and-biological characters of the genus Heuchera L. varieties in the context of introduction. Methods. Introduction procedure, analytical approach, morphological analysis and biometric data evaluation. Results. Aided by the comparative morphological analysis of introduced varieties of the genus Heuchera, significant differences in their characters were revealed, including plant height, height and width of the basal rosette of leaves, generative shoot height. There was a significant variation of such parameters as the number of generative shoots within one plant, the number of flowers on a single generative shoot, flowering abundance. Based on investigation findings, 17 groups of varieties were identified for the dominant color of adaxial surface of the leaf blade and 7 groups – for inflorescence color. According to phenological observations, Heuchera varieties groups were determined and the dates of commencement and duration of plants flowering were registered in the context of introduction. The results of these investigations are the necessary basis for the study and evaluation of this culture assortment, they are important in breeding and landscaping. Conclusions. Based on the results of investigations of morphological features of introduced species of the genus Heuchera, traits and parameters for varieties grouping were defined as well as decorative and economic-and-biological traits that should be evaluated.

Purpose. To identify and describe the basic criteria for studying and assessing decorative and economic-and-biological characters of the genus Heuchera L. varieties in the context of introduction. Methods. Introduction procedure, analytical approach, morphological analysis and biometric data evaluation. Results. Aided by the comparative morphological analysis of introduced varieties of the genus Heuchera, significant differences in their characters were revealed, including plant height, height and width of the basal rosette of leaves, generative shoot height. There was a significant variation of such parameters as the number of generative shoots within one plant, the number of flowers on a single generative shoot, flowering abundance. Based on investigation findings, 17 groups of varieties were identified for the dominant color of adaxial surface of the leaf blade and 7 groups – for inflorescence color. According to phenological observations, Heuchera varieties groups were determined and the dates of commencement and duration of plants flowering were registered in the context of introduction. The results of these investigations are the necessary basis for the study and evaluation of this culture assortment, they are important in breeding and landscaping. Conclusions. Based on the results of investigations of morphological features of introduced species of the genus Heuchera, traits and parameters for varieties grouping were defined as well as decorative and economic-and-biological traits that should be evaluated.

Purpose. To define statistical methods and tools (application packages) for creating the decision support system (DSS) for qualifying examination of plant varieties suitable for dissemination (VSD) in the context of data processing tasks. To substantiate the selection of software for proces­sing statistical data relative to field and laboratory investigations that are included into the qualifying examination for VSD. Methods. Analytical one based on the comparison of methods of descriptive and multivariate statistics and tools of intellectual analysis of data obtained during qualifying examination for VSD. Comparative analysis of software tools for processing statistical data in order to prepare proposals for the final decision on plant variety application. Decomposition of tasks was carried out which were included into the decision support system for qualifying examination of varieties-candidates for VSD. Results. Statistical package SPSS, analysis package included in MS Excel and programe language R was compared for the following criteria: interface usability, functionality, quality of calculation result presentation, visibility of graphical information, software cost. The both packages were widely used in the world for statistical data processing, they have similar functions for statistics calculation. Conclusion. Tasks of VSD were separated and recommended to tackle using investigated tools. Programe language R was a product recommended to use as a tool. The main advantage of R as compared to the package IBM SPSS Statistics is the fact that R is an open source software.

Мета.Визначити статистичні методи та інструментальні засоби (пакети прикладних програм) для створення сис­теми підтримки прийняття рішення (СППР) кваліфікаційної експертизи сортів рослин на придатність до поширення (ПСП) у розрізі завдань оброблення даних. Обґрунтувати вибір програмних засобів оброблення статистичних даних польових та лабораторних досліджень, що входять до складу кваліфікаційної експертизи на ПСП. Методи. Аналітичний, який ґрунтується на порівнянні методів описової та багатовимірної статистики й засобів інтелектуального аналізу даних, отриманих під час кваліфікаційної експертизи на ПСП. Порівняльний аналіз програмних засобів оброблення статистичних даних для підготовки пропозицій щодо кінцевого рішення за заявкою на сорт рослин.Результати. Проведено декомпозицію завдань, що входять до складу системи підтримки прийняття рішень з кваліфікаційної екс­пертизи сортів-кандидатів на ПСП. Проведено порівняння статистичного пакета SPSS, пакета аналізу, що входить до складу MS Excel, та мови програмування R за критеріями: зручність інтерфейсу, функціональність, якість представлення результатів обчислення, наочність графічної інформації, вартість програмного засобу. Обидва пакети широко застосовують у світі для статистичного оброблення даних, вони мають аналогічний склад функцій для обчислення статистик. Висновки. Виокремлено завдання ПСП, що рекомендовано вирішувати із застосуванням досліджуваних засобів. Як інструментальний засіб рекомендовано використовувати мову програмування R. Основною перевагою R порівняно з пакетом IBM SPSS Statistics є те, що R є програмним продуктом з відкритим кодом, який вільно поширюється. | Цель. Определить статистические методы и инструментальные средства (пакеты прикладных программ) для создания системы поддержки принятия решения (СППР) квалификационной экспертизы сортов на пригодность их к распространению (ПСР) в разрезе задач обработки данных. Обосновать выбор программных средств обработки статистических данных полевых и лабораторных исследований, которые входят в состав квалификационной экспертизы на ПСР. Методы. Аналитический, основанный на сравнении методов описательной и многомерной статистики и средств интеллектуального анализа данных, полученных при проведении квалификационной экспертизы на ПСР. Сравнительный анализ программных средств обработки статистических данных для подготовки предложений по окончательному решению по заявке на сорт растений.Результаты. Проведена декомпозиция задач, которые входят в состав системы поддержки принятия решений по квалификационной экспертизе сортов-кандидатов на ПСП. Проведено сравнение статистического пакета SPSS, пакета анализа, который входит в состав MS Excel и языка программирования R по критериям: удобство интерфейса, функциональность, качество представления результатов расчетов, наглядность графической информации, стоимость программного средства. Оба пакета широко применяются в мире для статистической обработки данных, имеют аналогичный состав функций для расчета статистик. Выводы. Выделены задачи ПСР, которые рекомендуется решать с применением исследуемых средств. В качестве инструментального средства целесообратно использовать язык программирования R. Основным преимуществом R по сравнению с пакетом IBM SPSS Statistics является то, что R – программный продукт с открытым кодом, который свободно распространяется. | Purpose. To define statistical methods and tools (application packages) for creating the decision support system (DSS) for qualifying examination of plant varieties suitable for dissemination (VSD) in the context of data processing tasks. To substantiate the selection of software for proces­sing statistical data relative to field and laboratory investigations that are included into the qualifying examination for VSD.Methods. Analytical one based on the comparison of methods of descriptive and multivariate statistics and tools of intellectual analysis of data obtained during qualifying examination for VSD. Comparative analysis of software tools for processing statistical data in order to prepare proposals for the final decision on plant variety application. Decomposition of tasks was carried out which were included into the decision support system for qualifying examination of varieties-candidates for VSD. Results. Statistical package SPSS, analysis package included in MS Excel and programe language R was compared for the following criteria: interface usability, functionality, quality of calculation result presentation, visibility of graphical information, software cost. The both packages were widely used in the world for statistical data processing, they have similar functions for statistics calculation. Conclusion. Tasks of VSD were separated and recommended to tackle using investigated tools. Programe language R was a product recommended to use as a tool. The main advantage of R as compared to the package IBM SPSS Statistics is the fact that R is an open source software.

Purpose. To define statistical methods and tools (application packages) for creating the decision support system (DSS) for qualifying examination of plant varieties suitable for dissemination (VSD) in the context of data processing tasks. To substantiate the selection of software for proces­sing statistical data relative to field and laboratory investigations that are included into the qualifying examination for VSD. Methods. Analytical one based on the comparison of methods of descriptive and multivariate statistics and tools of intellectual analysis of data obtained during qualifying examination for VSD. Comparative analysis of software tools for processing statistical data in order to prepare proposals for the final decision on plant variety application. Decomposition of tasks was carried out which were included into the decision support system for qualifying examination of varieties-candidates for VSD. Results. Statistical package SPSS, analysis package included in MS Excel and programe language R was compared for the following criteria: interface usability, functionality, quality of calculation result presentation, visibility of graphical information, software cost. The both packages were widely used in the world for statistical data processing, they have similar functions for statistics calculation. Conclusion. Tasks of VSD were separated and recommended to tackle using investigated tools. Programe language R was a product recommended to use as a tool. The main advantage of R as compared to the package IBM SPSS Statistics is the fact that R is an open source software.

Purpose. To study biological characteristics of growth and development of middle-early soybean varieties and create a model of phenotype productivity. Methods. Special and gene­ral techniques for studies. Results. Optimal productivity of plants is forming merely at the expense of efficient ratio of all the elements of their structure. It often happens that in case of underdevelopment of one of the structure components yield to some extent can be offset by better development of other elements. Eight indicators were defined which make the largest contribution to the productivity trait of a variety: seed weight per plant, total number of branches, number of nodes per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of flowers, plant height, 1000 kernel weight. The first four indicators provided most of the total contribution to a trait of seed weight per plant. Model building was based on hierarchy of productivity traits display in ontogenesis and compliance of their development in organogenesis. The model consists of two modules of traits – resulting and some componental showing phenotypic realization of the genetic formula. It was found that the plant height significantly influence the number of nodes per plant (r = 0,76), and the number of pods per plant (r = 0,43) depends on this trait. In addition, correlation based on the research was obtained between the number of flowers per plant and plant height (r = 0,35), and number of nodes (r = 0,76). It was established that the number of flowers per plant determines the development of pods on the plant so it is quite strongly correlated with this trait (r = 0,99). Conclusions. It was determined that the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per plant have a very strong correlation (r = 0,96). Besides, such trait as the number of seeds per plant has a strong relationship with the seed weight per plant (r = 0,79).

Purpose. To study biological characteristics of growth and development of middle-early soybean varieties and create a model of phenotype productivity. Methods. Special and gene­ral techniques for studies. Results. Optimal productivity of plants is forming merely at the expense of efficient ratio of all the elements of their structure. It often happens that in case of underdevelopment of one of the structure components yield to some extent can be offset by better development of other elements. Eight indicators were defined which make the largest contribution to the productivity trait of a variety: seed weight per plant, total number of branches, number of nodes per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of flowers, plant height, 1000 kernel weight. The first four indicators provided most of the total contribution to a trait of seed weight per plant. Model building was based on hierarchy of productivity traits display in ontogenesis and compliance of their development in organogenesis. The model consists of two modules of traits – resulting and some componental showing phenotypic realization of the genetic formula. It was found that the plant height significantly influence the number of nodes per plant (r = 0,76), and the number of pods per plant (r = 0,43) depends on this trait. In addition, correlation based on the research was obtained between the number of flowers per plant and plant height (r = 0,35), and number of nodes (r = 0,76). It was established that the number of flowers per plant determines the development of pods on the plant so it is quite strongly correlated with this trait (r = 0,99). Conclusions. It was determined that the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per plant have a very strong correlation (r = 0,96). Besides, such trait as the number of seeds per plant has a strong relationship with the seed weight per plant (r = 0,79).

Purpose. To define the level of impact of such factors as rate, time and methods of sowing on seed productivity and certified seeds, and the individual response of winter wheat varieties to these factors if used the ecological system of seed farming, that would allow to form and obtain genetically determined potential of variety productivity. Methods. Weight measurement for determining seed yield; statistical, variance and regression analysis for identifying the reliabi­lity of the experiment results. Results. During the research period, weather conditions were greatly differed both by temperature regime and precipitation, but stability of grain and seeds yield on an annual basis was the main requirement to varieties. During the study of «grain productivity» value and quantitative indices of winter wheat yield structure, the results from 684 plots were obtained which were grouped and analyzed for impact factors for complete certainty, and NIR0,05 was calculated. Conclusions. Thus, in case of shifting sowing time from optimum to later period, efficiency of water use by plants was decreasing to a greater extent during years with insufficient precipitation. The shift of sowing time to later period providing optimal seeding rate and row seeding method did not reduce yield. The yield of winter wheat varieties to be studied when sowing in usual manner with seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha in the period from September 15 and October 5 was the highest. Varieties ‘Slavna’ and ‘Chorniava’ provided the highest grain productivity for seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha and using row seeding method, with slight impact of sowing time factor. Grain yield of studied varieties showed negative response during the experiment when seeding rate decreased up to 2,5–3,0 million seeds/ha. ‘Astarta’ varie­ty provided the highest productivity for certified seeds yield as compared to the control (from 1,59 to 3,38 t/ha). The variant of the experiment when sowing on October, 5 in usual manner with seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha showed the highest productivity of 7,02 t/ha (+3,38 t/ha, or +92,9%). Shifting of sowing time for October, 5 resulted in a significant decrease in yields of certified seeds as compared to sowing time on September 15 and 25. Seed yield of studied varieties when sowing on October, 5 was higher than in case of sowing on September, 25. The highest percentage of certified seeds output in the studied varieties was observed for a seeding rate of 2,5–3,0 million seeds/ha. For seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha for varieties with seeding time between September 15 and 25, the difference in grain yield was negligible. The winter wheat variety ‘Astarta’ provided the highest yield of seeds during the research years – 9,36 t/ha, the standard variety ‘Bogdan’ – the lowest one in the best variant of 5,55 t/ha.

Purpose. To define the level of impact of such factors as rate, time and methods of sowing on seed productivity and certified seeds, and the individual response of winter wheat varieties to these factors if used the ecological system of seed farming, that would allow to form and obtain genetically determined potential of variety productivity. Methods. Weight measurement for determining seed yield; statistical, variance and regression analysis for identifying the reliabi­lity of the experiment results. Results. During the research period, weather conditions were greatly differed both by temperature regime and precipitation, but stability of grain and seeds yield on an annual basis was the main requirement to varieties. During the study of «grain productivity» value and quantitative indices of winter wheat yield structure, the results from 684 plots were obtained which were grouped and analyzed for impact factors for complete certainty, and NIR0,05 was calculated. Conclusions. Thus, in case of shifting sowing time from optimum to later period, efficiency of water use by plants was decreasing to a greater extent during years with insufficient precipitation. The shift of sowing time to later period providing optimal seeding rate and row seeding method did not reduce yield. The yield of winter wheat varieties to be studied when sowing in usual manner with seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha in the period from September 15 and October 5 was the highest. Varieties ‘Slavna’ and ‘Chorniava’ provided the highest grain productivity for seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha and using row seeding method, with slight impact of sowing time factor. Grain yield of studied varieties showed negative response during the experiment when seeding rate decreased up to 2,5–3,0 million seeds/ha. ‘Astarta’ varie­ty provided the highest productivity for certified seeds yield as compared to the control (from 1,59 to 3,38 t/ha). The variant of the experiment when sowing on October, 5 in usual manner with seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha showed the highest productivity of 7,02 t/ha (+3,38 t/ha, or +92,9%). Shifting of sowing time for October, 5 resulted in a significant decrease in yields of certified seeds as compared to sowing time on September 15 and 25. Seed yield of studied varieties when sowing on October, 5 was higher than in case of sowing on September, 25. The highest percentage of certified seeds output in the studied varieties was observed for a seeding rate of 2,5–3,0 million seeds/ha. For seeding rate of 5,5 million seeds/ha for varieties with seeding time between September 15 and 25, the difference in grain yield was negligible. The winter wheat variety ‘Astarta’ provided the highest yield of seeds during the research years – 9,36 t/ha, the standard variety ‘Bogdan’ – the lowest one in the best variant of 5,55 t/ha.

Purpose. To assess the demand for sorghum seed material and sufficiency of domestic seeds. Results. The analysis of the State register for the period of 2002–2012 showed that there was the tendency not only towards increasing quantity of sorghum crops in general but their substitution by hybrids of foreign breeding. During the period from 2002 to 2017, 72 sorghum varieties were entered on the State register in total, among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, the rest 60 was presented by foreign breeding institutions. Investigation results allowed to determine that the production of base and prebase seeds of sorghum in 2010 amounted to 1,3 t, in 2016 was 43 t. During the same period the production of sugar sorghum increased from 0,2 to 12,0 t, grass sorghum – from 4,0 to 83 t. In 2017, requirements of acreage of such crops as grass sorghum and broomcorn were completely satisfied by the amount of grown seeds. At the same time, the need for seeds of sorghum and sugar sorghum can not be covered completely at the expense of domestic varieties reproduction. In 2017, general demand for sorghum seeds was 400,5 t, among which only 42,0 t was of domestic production. The rest demand for seeds will be met at the expense of import of foreign breeding seeds into the country to be grown and prepared for sowing abroad. Conclusions. In the Register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, there are 72 sorghum varieties among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, that is 17%, as compared to 83% of recommended great sorghum varieties of foreign breeding. In Ukraine, the area occupied by sorghum cultivation was 22,8 thou ha in 2005, up to 2017 it increased to 89,0 thou ha, and accordingly the demand for seeds run up from 102,6 to 400,5 t. The area occupied by the sugar sorghum in 2005 amounted to only 2,6 thou ha, in 2017 – 20,0 thou ha, that accordingly determined increase of demand for seed material from 13,0 to 99,9 t. In 2017, the part of the area where domestic hybrids of sorghum are growing was 10%, hybrids of sugar sorghum – 12%, that was indicative of very poor situation with domestic varieties dissemination.

Цель. Оценить потребность в семенном материале сорговых культур и обеспеченность отечественным семенами.Результаты. По результатам анализа Государственного реестра за 2002–2017 гг., наблюдается тенденция не только к увеличению количества сорговых культур в целом, но и к замещению их гибридами зарубежной селекции. Всего за период с 2002 по 2017 г. в Государственный реестр внесено 72 сорта сорго обыкновенного двухцветного, из них только 12 сортов отечественной селекции, остальные 60 представлены зарубежными селекционными учреждениями. По результатам проведенных исследований установлено, что производство базовых и добазовых семян сорго обыкновенного двухцветного в 2010 г. достигало 1,3 т, в 2016 – 42 т. За аналогичный период производство семян сорго сахарного возросло с 0,2 до 12,0 т, сорго суданского – с 4,0 до 83,0 т. В 2017 г. для обеспечения потребностей посевных площадей таких культур, как сорго суданское и сорго веничное вполне достаточно выращенных семян. В то же время потребность в семенах сорго обыкновенного двухцветного и сорго сахарного не в полной мере может быть обеспечена за счет размножения отечественных сор­тов. В 2017 г. общая потребность в семенах сорго обыкновенного двухцветного составляет 400,5 т, из которых лишь 42,0 т – отечественного производства. Остальная потребность в семенах будет обеспечена за счет импорта в страну семян зарубежной селекции, в частности выращенного и подготовленного к севу.Выводы. В Реестр сортов растений, пригодных к распространению в Украине, внесены 72 сорта сорго обыкновенного двухцветного, из них только 12 сортов отечественной селекции, то есть 17% по сравнению с 83% рекомендованных сортов сорго двухцветного зарубежной селекции. Площади, занятые в Украине под выращиванием сорго обыкновенного двухцветного, в 2005 г. составляли 22,8 тыс. га, до 2017 г. они выросли до 89,0 тыс. га, соответственно и потребность в семенах – с 102,6 до 400, 5 т. Площади, занятые под сорго сахарным, по состоянию на 2005 г. составляли всего 2,6 тыс. га, в 2017 г. – 20,0 тыс. га, что соответственно и определило повышение потребности в семенном материале с 13,0 до 99,9 т. В 2017 доля площадей, на которых выращивают оте­чественные гибриды сорго обыкновенного двухцветного, составляет 10%, гибриды сорго сахарного – 12%, что свидетельствует о крайне неудовлетворительной ситуации с распространением отечественных сортов. | Мета. Оцінити потребу в насіннєвому матеріалі соргових культур та забезпеченість вітчизняним насінням.Результати. За результатами аналізу Державного реєстру за 2002–2017 рр., спостерігається тенденція не тільки до збільшення кількості соргових культур загалом, а й до заміщення їх гібридами зарубіжної селекції. Всього за період з 2002 по 2017 р. до Державного реєстру внесено 72 сорти сорго звичайного двокольорового, з них лише 12 сортів вітчизняної селекції, решту 60 представлено зарубіжними селекційними установами. За результатами проведених досліджень визначено, що виробництво базового та добазового насіння сорго звичайного двокольорового в 2010 р. було на рівні 1,3 т, у 2016 р. – 42 т. За аналогічний період виробництво насіння сорго цукрового зросло з 0,2 до 12,0 т, сорго суданського – з 4,0 до 83,0 т. У 2017 р. для забезпечення потреб посівних площ таких культур, як сорго суданське та сорго віникове повністю достатньо вирощеного насіння. Водночас, потреба в насінні сорго звичайного двокольорового та сорго цукро­вого не повною мірою може бути забезпечена за рахунок розмноження вітчизняних сортів. У 2017 р. загальна потреба в насінні сорго звичайного двокольорового становить 400,5 т, з яких лише 42,0 т – вітчизняного виробництва. Решта потреби в насінні буде забезпечена за рахунок імпорту в країну насіння зарубіжної селекції, зокрема вирощеного та підготовленого до сівби за кордоном.Висновки. У Державному реєстрі сортів рослин, придатних до поширення в Україні, перебуває 72 сорти сорго звичайного двокольорового, з них лише 12 сортів вітчизняної селекції, тобто 17%, порівняно з 83% рекомендованих сортів сорго двокольорового іноземної селекції. Площі, зайняті в Україні під вирощуванням сорго звичайного двокольорового, в 2005 р. становили 22,8 тис. га, до 2017 р. вони зросли до 89,0 тис. га, відповідно й потреба в насінні – з 102,6 до 400,5 т. Площі, зайняті під сорго цукровим, станом на 2005 р., становили всього 2,6 тис. га, в 2017 р. – 20,0 тис. га, що відповідно й визначило підвищення потреби в насіннєвому матеріалі з 13,0 до 99,9 т. У 2017 р. частка площ, на яких вирощують вітчизняні гібриди сорго звичайного двокольорового, становить 10%, гібриди сорго цукрового – 12%, що свідчить про вкрай незадовільну ситуацію з поширенням вітчизняних сортів. | Purpose. To assess the demand for sorghum seed material and sufficiency of domestic seeds.Results. The analysis of the State register for the period of 2002–2012 showed that there was the tendency not only towards increasing quantity of sorghum crops in general but their substitution by hybrids of foreign breeding. During the period from 2002 to 2017, 72 sorghum varieties were entered on the State register in total, among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, the rest 60 was presented by foreign breeding institutions. Investigation results allowed to determine that the production of base and prebase seeds of sorghum in 2010 amounted to 1,3 t, in 2016 was 43 t. During the same period the production of sugar sorghum increased from 0,2 to 12,0 t, grass sorghum – from 4,0 to 83 t. In 2017, requirements of acreage of such crops as grass sorghum and broomcorn were completely satisfied by the amount of grown seeds. At the same time, the need for seeds of sorghum and sugar sorghum can not be covered completely at the expense of domestic varieties reproduction. In 2017, general demand for sorghum seeds was 400,5 t, among which only 42,0 t was of domestic production. The rest demand for seeds will be met at the expense of import of foreign breeding seeds into the country to be grown and prepared for sowing abroad. Conclusions. In the Register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, there are 72 sorghum varieties among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, that is 17%, as compared to 83% of recommended great sorghum varieties of foreign breeding. In Ukraine, the area occupied by sorghum cultivation was 22,8 thou ha in 2005, up to 2017 it increased to 89,0 thou ha, and accordingly the demand for seeds run up from 102,6 to 400,5 t. The area occupied by the sugar sorghum in 2005 amounted to only 2,6 thou ha, in 2017 – 20,0 thou ha, that accordingly determined increase of demand for seed material from 13,0 to 99,9 t. In 2017, the part of the area where domestic hybrids of sorghum are growing was 10%, hybrids of sugar sorghum – 12%, that was indicative of very poor situation with domestic varieties dissemination.

Purpose. To assess the demand for sorghum seed material and sufficiency of domestic seeds. Results. The analysis of the State register for the period of 2002–2012 showed that there was the tendency not only towards increasing quantity of sorghum crops in general but their substitution by hybrids of foreign breeding. During the period from 2002 to 2017, 72 sorghum varieties were entered on the State register in total, among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, the rest 60 was presented by foreign breeding institutions. Investigation results allowed to determine that the production of base and prebase seeds of sorghum in 2010 amounted to 1,3 t, in 2016 was 43 t. During the same period the production of sugar sorghum increased from 0,2 to 12,0 t, grass sorghum – from 4,0 to 83 t. In 2017, requirements of acreage of such crops as grass sorghum and broomcorn were completely satisfied by the amount of grown seeds. At the same time, the need for seeds of sorghum and sugar sorghum can not be covered completely at the expense of domestic varieties reproduction. In 2017, general demand for sorghum seeds was 400,5 t, among which only 42,0 t was of domestic production. The rest demand for seeds will be met at the expense of import of foreign breeding seeds into the country to be grown and prepared for sowing abroad. Conclusions. In the Register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, there are 72 sorghum varieties among them only 12 varieties were of domestic breeding, that is 17%, as compared to 83% of recommended great sorghum varieties of foreign breeding. In Ukraine, the area occupied by sorghum cultivation was 22,8 thou ha in 2005, up to 2017 it increased to 89,0 thou ha, and accordingly the demand for seeds run up from 102,6 to 400,5 t. The area occupied by the sugar sorghum in 2005 amounted to only 2,6 thou ha, in 2017 – 20,0 thou ha, that accordingly determined increase of demand for seed material from 13,0 to 99,9 t. In 2017, the part of the area where domestic hybrids of sorghum are growing was 10%, hybrids of sugar sorghum – 12%, that was indicative of very poor situation with domestic varieties dissemination.

Purpose. To evaluate and select hybrids, varieties of the parental nursery of the breeding process, biotechnological lines and wild species of potato for physiological parameters of drought resistance. Methods. Physiological and biochemical, selection ones, statistical data processing. Results. The data is given concerning the evaluation of the water retaining and water regeneration capacity of potato leaves of promising hybrids of competitive and ecological test, varieties of the parental nursery, biotechnological lines and wild species and their integral indicator of drought resistance. The studied samples were grown in the nurseries of field selection crop rotation. Accordingly, the initial material with the highest drought resistance value has been defined. Among the evaluated material, eight hybrids of the competitive and ecological test have been selected (drought resistance coefficient was ranging from 59.4% to 84.8%) and five biotechnological lines of ‘Hlazurna’ and ‘Dorohin’ varieties (drought resistance coefficient was in the range of 55.5% to 67.5%). As for wild species, almost half of the samples (47.8%) were characterized by a high coefficient of drought resistance (from 55 to 78%). Selected samples with high values of drought resistance were recommended to use as a source and drought resistance donors when creating new potato varieties. Conclusions. The initial potato material (hybrids, varieties, biotechnological lines and wild species) with high values of drought resistance (55.0–84.8%) has been selected. These samples are recommended to use in the breeding process when creating new drought resistance potato varieties.

Purpose. To evaluate and select hybrids, varieties of the parental nursery of the breeding process, biotechnological lines and wild species of potato for physiological parameters of drought resistance.Methods. Physiological and biochemical, selection ones, statistical data processing.Results. The data is given concerning the evaluation of the water retaining and water regeneration capacity of potato leaves of promising hybrids of competitive and ecological test, varieties of the parental nursery, biotechnological lines and wild species and their integral indicator of drought resistance. The studied samples were grown in the nurseries of field selection crop rotation. Accordingly, the initial material with the highest drought resistance value has been defined. Among the evaluated material, eight hybrids of the competitive and ecological test have been selected (drought resistance coefficient was ranging from 59.4% to 84.8%) and five biotechnological lines of ‘Hlazurna’ and ‘Dorohin’ varieties (drought resistance coefficient was in the range of 55.5% to 67.5%). As for wild species, almost half of the samples (47.8%) were characterized by a high coefficient of drought resistance (from 55 to 78%). Selected samples with high values of drought resistance were recommended to use as a source and drought resistance donors when creating new potato varieties.Conclusions. The initial potato material (hybrids, varieties, biotechnological lines and wild species) with high values of drought resistance (55.0–84.8%) has been selected. These samples are recommended to use in the breeding process when creating new drought resistance potato varieties. | Мета. Оцінити та провести добір гібридів, сортів батьківського розсадника селекційного процесу, біотехнологічних ліній та диких видів картоплі за фізіологічними показниками посухостійкості.Методи. Фізіолого-біохімічні, селекційні, статистичні.Результати. Наведено дані оцінювання водоутримувальної та водовідновлювальної здатності листків картоплі перспективних гібридів конкурсно-екологічного випробування, сортів батьківського розсадника, біотехнологічних ліній і диких видів та їх інтегрального показника посухостійкості. Досліджувані зразки вирощували в розсадниках польової селекційної сівозміни. Відповідно визначено вихідний матеріал з найвищим показником посухостійкості. З-поміж оцінюваного матеріалу виділено: вісім гібридів конкурсно-екологічного випробування – коефіцієнт посухостійкості коливався від 59,4 до 84,8%, п’ять біотехнологічних ліній сортів ‘Глазурна’ та ‘Дорогинь’ – коефіцієнт посухостійкості у межах від 55,5 до 67,5%. Серед диких видів майже половина зразків (47,8%) мала високий коефіцієнт посухостійкості – від 55 до 78%. Зразки з високими показниками посухостійкості рекомендовано використовувати як джерело та донори стійкості до посухи під час створення нових посухостійких сортів картоплі.Висновки. Виділено вихідний матеріал картоплі (гібриди, сорти, біотехнологічні лінії та дикі види) з високим коефіцієнтом посухостійкості (55,0–84,8%). Рекомендується використовувати ці зразки у селекційному процесі під час створення посухостійких сортів картоплі. | Цель. Оценить и провести отбор гибридов, сортов родительского питомника селекционного процесса, биотехнологических линий и диких видов картофеля по физиологичес­ким показателям засухоустойчивости. Методы. Физиолого-биохимические, селекционные, статистические. Результаты. Приведены данные оценивания водоудерживающей и водообновляющей способности листьев картофеля перспективных гибридов конкурсно-экологического испытания, сортов родительского питомника, биотехнологических линий, диких видов и их интегрального показателя засухоустойчивости. Исследуемые образцы выращивали в питомниках полевого селекционного севооборота. Соответственно определен исходный материал с наивысшим показателем засухоустойчивости. Среди оцениваемого материала выделено: восемь гибридов конкурсно-экологического испытания – коэффициент засухоустойчивости колебался от 59,4 до 84,8%, пять биотехнологических линий сортов ‘Глазурна’ и ‘Дорогинь’ с коэффициентом засухоустойчивости в пределах от 55,5 до 67,5%. Среди диких видов почти половина образцов (47,8%) имели высокий коэффициент засухоустойчивости – от 55 до 78%. Образцы с высокими показателями засухоустойчивости рекомендовано использовать как источники и доноры устойчивости к засухе при создании новых засухоустойчивых сортов картофеля. Выводы. Выделен исходный материал картофеля (гибриды, сорта, биотехнологические линии и дикие виды) с высоким коэффициентом засухоустойчивости (55,0–84,8%). Рекомендовано использовать эти образцы в селекционном процессе при создании засухоустойчивых сор­тов картофеля.

Purpose. To evaluate and select hybrids, varieties of the parental nursery of the breeding process, biotechnological lines and wild species of potato for physiological parameters of drought resistance. Methods. Physiological and biochemical, selection ones, statistical data processing. Results. The data is given concerning the evaluation of the water retaining and water regeneration capacity of potato leaves of promising hybrids of competitive and ecological test, varieties of the parental nursery, biotechnological lines and wild species and their integral indicator of drought resistance. The studied samples were grown in the nurseries of field selection crop rotation. Accordingly, the initial material with the highest drought resistance value has been defined. Among the evaluated material, eight hybrids of the competitive and ecological test have been selected (drought resistance coefficient was ranging from 59.4% to 84.8%) and five biotechnological lines of ‘Hlazurna’ and ‘Dorohin’ varieties (drought resistance coefficient was in the range of 55.5% to 67.5%). As for wild species, almost half of the samples (47.8%) were characterized by a high coefficient of drought resistance (from 55 to 78%). Selected samples with high values of drought resistance were recommended to use as a source and drought resistance donors when creating new potato varieties. Conclusions. The initial potato material (hybrids, varieties, biotechnological lines and wild species) with high values of drought resistance (55.0–84.8%) has been selected. These samples are recommended to use in the breeding process when creating new drought resistance potato varieties.

Мета. Серед описаних у фаховій літературі ідентифікованих генів стійкості проти збудника бурої іржі виділити чужо­рідні, інтрогресовані у вид Triticum aestivum L. джерела, встановити їх походження та перспективи використання в селекційній практиці. Результати. Пшениця озима м’яка як основна зернова культура належить до групи рослин, яких найдавніше вирощують у контрольованих умовах. Протягом періоду вегетації вона зазнає згубного впливу збудників хвороб, тому пошук джерел стійкості проти них є першочерговим завданням селекції. Бура іржа – одна з найпоширеніших і шкодочинних хвороб пшениці. Вона призводить до значних втрат урожаю та погіршення якості зерна. Популяція збудника Puccinia reconditа вирізняється неабиякою адаптивною здатністю. Висока варіабельність вірулентності гриба призводить до накопичення патотипів, здатних долати гени стійкості пшениці. Найбільш екологічно безпечним методом контролювання захворювання є створення стійких сортів. Ефективність селекції на стійкість проти бурої іржі можна покращити, використовуючи різні Lr-гени стійкості. На цей час у геному пшениці та її родичів ідентифіковано й охарактеризовано за хромосомною локалізацією та ефективністю понад 90 (Lr) генів стійкості проти цього збудника. Виявлено, що майже всі ефективні на території України гени стійкості проти збудника бурої іржі, окрім Lr10 та Lr23, є чужорідними, перенесеними в Triticum aestivum від інших видів: Aegilops speltoides – гени Lr28, Lr35, Lr36, Lr47, Lr51, Lr66; Aegilops tauschii – Lr1, Lr21, Lr22а, Lr32, Lr39, Lr42; Triticum timopheevii – Lr18 та Lr50; Thinopyrum elongatum – Lr19, Lr29, Lr24; Secale cereale – Lr25, Lr26 та Lr45; Aegilops umbellulata – Lr9, Lr76; Triticum speltа – Lr44, Lr65, Lr71; Triticum dicoccoides – Lr53, Lr64; Aegilops triuncialis – Lr58, LrTr; Tr. timopheevii spp. viticulosum – LrTt1; Aegilops ventricosa – Lr37; Aegilops kotschyi – Lr54; Elymus trachycaulis – Lr55; Aegilops sharonensis – Lr56; Aegilops geniculate – Lr57; Aegilops peregrine – Lr59; Triticum turgidum – Lr61; Aegilops neglecta – Lr62; Triticum monococcum – Lr63. Висновки. Залучення до схрещувань культурних та диких видів родичів пшениці дасть змогу отримати неоднорідний за стійкістю проти збудника бурої іржі селекційний матеріал.

Purpose. To evaluate hazelnut cultivars, species and hybrids from the genetic collection of Corylus spp. in the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of the NAS of Ukraine for the complex of economic characters. An attempt has been made to analyze the information on Corylus spp. identity, taxonomy and description, dissemination and ecological requirements of the species, possibilities to use the genetic potential for developing new cultivars. Methods. The value of the Corylus spp. collection representatives was investigated using conventional testing procedures. For summarizing information concerning phylogenetic reconstruction of the Corylus L. genus and hazelnut, a number of scientific publications to be proposed for discussion was analyzed. The oil content in hazelnut kernels and the fatty acid composition was determined using official methods. Results. The best samples of hazelnut genetic collection were included into the broad hybridization programme, and C. chinensis Franch. representatives as well. A number of hybrid seedlings was obtained including new hazelnut cultivars ‘Sofiyivsky 1’, ‘Sofiyivsky 2’ and ‘Sofiyivsky 15’ which were characterized by spherical or almost spherical fruits, high winter hardiness and drought resistance, as well as the absence of rhythmicity in fruiting. Conclusions. The collection of varieties, forms, cultivars and species of the Corylus L. genus created during the last years can be the base for hazelnut breeding in Ukraine.

Purpose. To create and study genotypes of the secondary triticale of the hexaploid level for their effective use in further breeding and plant growing. Methods. Field study, laboratory analyses, intraspecific hybridization with subsequent individual selection. Results. New genotypes of the secon­dary triticale of the hexaploid level have been created and characterized for economic characters and agroecological traits and properties. Series of short-stem winter triticale was represented by ‘Pshenychne’, ‘Chaian’ to be adapted to the conditions of both intensive and organic farming. They are characterized by high drought resistance and winter hardiness, resistance to lodging, grain shedding, grain germination in the spike and spike fragility as well as by immunity to fungal diseases providing a high level of yield and technological quality of grain. The following new constant forms of triticale as ‘ПС_1-12’, ‘ПС_2-12’, ‘ПС_3-12’, that have an average height of the stem and belong to the Polissia-Forest-Steppe and Forest-Steppe ecotypes, demonstrated high productivity and adaptability in organic farming, particularly in case of the use of biologized elements of agrotechnology. Conclusions. For the creation a new parent material during breeding of hexaploid triticale, the method of intraspecific hybridization is desirable with the use of parent material to be contrasting for eco-geographical origin and adapted local forms, followed by individual selection of genotypes with the desired characteristics and properties in cleavable hybrid populations. New genotypes of the secondary triticale have been created and characterized for breeding, genetic and agroecological traits and properties. In breeding practice, it is advisable to use a whole new approach of agroecological and genetic certification of genotypes for the effective solution of a number of theoretical and practical tasks facing modern ecological and adaptive breeding. New parent material of the secondary winter triticale and scientific support for its cultivation is proposed for further breeding and plant growing.

Purpose. To create and study genotypes of the secondary triticale of the hexaploid level for their effective use in further breeding and plant growing. Methods. Field study, laboratory analyses, intraspecific hybridization with subsequent individual selection. Results. New genotypes of the secon­dary triticale of the hexaploid level have been created and characterized for economic characters and agroecological traits and properties. Series of short-stem winter triticale was represented by ‘Pshenychne’, ‘Chaian’ to be adapted to the conditions of both intensive and organic farming. They are characterized by high drought resistance and winter hardiness, resistance to lodging, grain shedding, grain germination in the spike and spike fragility as well as by immunity to fungal diseases providing a high level of yield and technological quality of grain. The following new constant forms of triticale as ‘ПС_1-12’, ‘ПС_2-12’, ‘ПС_3-12’, that have an average height of the stem and belong to the Polissia-Forest-Steppe and Forest-Steppe ecotypes, demonstrated high productivity and adaptability in organic farming, particularly in case of the use of biologized elements of agrotechnology. Conclusions. For the creation a new parent material during breeding of hexaploid triticale, the method of intraspecific hybridization is desirable with the use of parent material to be contrasting for eco-geographical origin and adapted local forms, followed by individual selection of genotypes with the desired characteristics and properties in cleavable hybrid populations. New genotypes of the secondary triticale have been created and characterized for breeding, genetic and agroecological traits and properties. In breeding practice, it is advisable to use a whole new approach of agroecological and genetic certification of genotypes for the effective solution of a number of theoretical and practical tasks facing modern ecological and adaptive breeding. New parent material of the secondary winter triticale and scientific support for its cultivation is proposed for further breeding and plant growing.

Purpose. To investigate the variability of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties depending on the concentration of microfertilizer Avatar-1. Methods. Field study, biometric technique, comparative approach, statistical evaluation, generalization. Results. Dependence of the plant height, the diameter of the leaf rosette, the number of leaves per plant, the leaf area of plants on the concentration of microfertilizer Avatar-1 was defined. Investigations of cutting lettuce ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varieties by Dutch breeding were conducted in 2016–2017 in the collection sites of the department of vegetable growing in the scientific-experimental field  “Fruit and vegetable garden” of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. In order to determine dependence of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce varieties on the concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1, the following scheme was used for the both varieties: variant 1 – water (control); variant 2 – 0,10% solution; variant 3 – 0,25% solution; variant 4 – 0,50% solution. Plants were treated with microfertilizer three times during the vegetative period. Alterations of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varieties  depending on the concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 was studied. Conclusions. It was found that in case of three-time plant treatment with complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 at the time of harvesting, the best plant biometrics was registered in variant 3 (concentration 0,25%) for the both ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varie­ties of cutting lettuce. The height of plants of the cutting lettuce in ‘Afitsyon’ variety exceeded this figure in ‘Concord variety by 1,1–1,4 cm. The concentration of microfertilizer had no significant effect on the diameter of the leaf rosette of ‘Concord’ variety (25,1–25,9 см). The diame­ter of the leaf rosette of ‘Afitsyon’ variety was 26,0–28,7 cm. In cutting lettuce, the largest leaf area per plant was registered in ‘Afi­tsyon’ variety (3516.5 cm2/plant ) in case of plants  treatment with 0,25% solution of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 that exceeded this figure in ‘Concord’ varie­ty by 660 cm2/plant. The best plant biometrics of cutting lettuce of the studied varieties and optimal concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 (0.25% solution) was defined that is important for improving agricultural cultivation techniques.

Purpose. To investigate the variability of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties depending on the concentration of microfertilizer Avatar-1. Methods. Field study, biometric technique, comparative approach, statistical evaluation, generalization. Results. Dependence of the plant height, the diameter of the leaf rosette, the number of leaves per plant, the leaf area of plants on the concentration of microfertilizer Avatar-1 was defined. Investigations of cutting lettuce ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varieties by Dutch breeding were conducted in 2016–2017 in the collection sites of the department of vegetable growing in the scientific-experimental field “Fruit and vegetable garden” of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. In order to determine dependence of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce varieties on the concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1, the following scheme was used for the both varieties: variant 1 – water (control); variant 2 – 0,10% solution; variant 3 – 0,25% solution; variant 4 – 0,50% solution. Plants were treated with microfertilizer three times during the vegetative period. Alterations of plant biometrics of cutting lettuce ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varieties depending on the concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 was studied. Conclusions. It was found that in case of three-time plant treatment with complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 at the time of harvesting, the best plant biometrics was registered in variant 3 (concentration 0,25%) for the both ‘Afitsyon’ and ‘Concord’ varie­ties of cutting lettuce. The height of plants of the cutting lettuce in ‘Afitsyon’ variety exceeded this figure in ‘Concord variety by 1,1–1,4 cm. The concentration of microfertilizer had no significant effect on the diameter of the leaf rosette of ‘Concord’ variety (25,1–25,9 см). The diame­ter of the leaf rosette of ‘Afitsyon’ variety was 26,0–28,7 cm. In cutting lettuce, the largest leaf area per plant was registered in ‘Afi­tsyon’ variety (3516.5 cm2/plant) in case of plants treatment with 0,25% solution of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 that exceeded this figure in ‘Concord’ varie­ty by 660 cm2/plant. The best plant biometrics of cutting lettuce of the studied varieties and optimal concentration of complex microfertilizer Avatar-1 (0.25% solution) was defined that is important for improving agricultural cultivation techniques.

Purpose. To develop a tobacco variety model with optimal inflorescence traits such as size and shape that will allow to increase seed productivity of the crop. Methods. Statistical and mathematical (correlative, regressive) ones. Results. Basic collection consisting of 282 variety samples registered in the National Genetics Center was evaluated, optimal parameters of inflorescence were defined that can provide a high seed yield. During statistical analysis, correlation matrix was developed with the purpose to highlight traits that correlate with inflorescence productivity. According to the results of correlation analysis, a strong relationship between the width and height of inflorescence (r = 0,773±0,038) was established. Somewhat weaker correlation was observed when modeling regressive relation between inflorescence height and width, where regression showed the medium relationship. Regression equation of these traits is as follows: y = 0,5585x + 8,4649. Inflorescence density (r = 0,646), height (r = 0,556) and width (r = 0,527) also had quite a high positive effect on seed productivity. The results of regression analysis pointed to the fact that there were a linear relationship between inflorescence size and seed productivity. Conclusions. Among 282 samples of basic tobacco collection, 29 varieties with high seed productivity was defined which can be used in the breeding process, and ‘Sobolchskyi 15/21’, ‘Ergo 23’, ‘C-11’, ‘Sygarnyi 99’ varieties were selected for large-scale implementation into the production of raw material of cigar type.

Purpose. To develop a tobacco variety model with optimal inflorescence traits such as size and shape that will allow to increase seed productivity of the crop. Methods. Statistical and mathematical (correlative, regressive) ones. Results. Basic collection consisting of 282 variety samples registered in the National Genetics Center was evaluated, optimal parameters of inflorescence were defined that can provide a high seed yield. During statistical analysis, correlation matrix was developed with the purpose to highlight traits that correlate with inflorescence productivity. According to the results of correlation analysis, a strong relationship between the width and height of inflorescence (r = 0,773±0,038) was established. Somewhat weaker correlation was observed when modeling regressive relation between inflorescence height and width, where regression showed the medium relationship. Regression equation of these traits is as follows: y = 0,5585x + 8,4649. Inflorescence density (r = 0,646), height (r = 0,556) and width (r = 0,527) also had quite a high positive effect on seed productivity. The results of regression analysis pointed to the fact that there were a linear relationship between inflorescence size and seed productivity. Conclusions. Among 282 samples of basic tobacco collection, 29 varieties with high seed productivity was defined which can be used in the breeding process, and ‘Sobolchskyi 15/21’, ‘Ergo 23’, ‘C-11’, ‘Sygarnyi 99’ varieties were selected for large-scale implementation into the production of raw material of cigar type.