Outlook for selection on increased photosynthetic productivity of winter rye plants is discussed. Donors of short-stem resistant to powdery mildew winter rye were bred with erect and drooping shape of leaf blade. In the erect form the apexes of leaf are oriented at the angle drooping form has 45° inrelation to the stem. Incomplete domination of the drooping leaf shape with ratio 1 : 2 : 1 is established. For the first time symbolic designation of dominating genes is offered with drooping leaf blade - StSt, with transitional heterozygote Stst with recessional heterozygote stst. Higher yield of grain in the comparative variety examination was proved to be received for the erect leaf form, which is predetermined by decrease of plant height, increase of kernel weight from ear, as well as of 100 kernels from plant and by quantity of redicles. Drooping leaf blade rye forms are also promising for selection on increased photosynthetic potential.

The results of 39-year large-scale work on apple breeding for the improvement of fruit biochemical composition are discussed. The character of the inheritance of the content of sugar, titrate acids, ascorbic acid and P-active substances in fruit is shown. The brief descriptions of the new varieties with good flavor and harmonic combination of sugar and acidity are given. The prospects of the trend are shown.

The peculiarities of ice-forming in the stems of 7 cultivars and forms of blackberry have been determined by means of the differential thermal analysis. The authors have established the possibility of controlling the acclimation and loss of frost- resistance by tissues caused by dehydration. The control is possible on the basis of the data about exothermal processes in the tissues.

On the base of examinational institutions activity results summarizing by the Experts Council of State Variety Service, decision to recommend varieties for state registration of the proprietary right of intellectual property for dissemination, state registration of the proprietary rights of intellectual property, to approve the List of Perspective for Dissemination in Ukraine in 2008 Varieties, to decline state registration of the proprietary right of intellectual property, has been approved.

State of national recourses of Sown Lettuce is considered, as well as way of their formation. Methodological aspects of biological potential utilization of Sawn Salad (leaf, head, Rome, stem) are displayed to widen their assortment. Dependence of marginal potentially possible yield of the Sown Lettuce varieties on influence of the environmental causes has been established.

There is the method represented in the article for frost resistance determination for Winter Wheat (soft and hard) varieties by experts’ assessment of varieties submitted for Official Variety Studying. Prescribed temperature limits for artificial freezing of the plants, example varieties for frost-resistance groups, are indicated.

The yields result of different varieties winter wheat in four State variety testing station of Cherkassy region is shown. Most ecological plastic varieties are determined.

The history of creation and distribution of apple cultivar Renet Burhardta created by N .A. Gartvis is described.

Possibility of heterosis effect approbation by using synthetic varieties of winter rye was discussed. Heterosis level of first five generation of rye synthetics did not decrease. Considerable yield decrease of winter rye grain took place in later generations. Concept of synthetic varieties of winter wheat creation in Ukraine is prospective, though it requires scientific, economical and legal improvement.

In the Mironivka Institute for wheat named by V.M. Remeslo UAAN new winter-hardy winter wheat variety material was obtained. The annual breeding was used for the selection df winter wheat forms from spring wheat varieties by the prevernalization, spring sowing and M2 at the beginning of optimal terms in autumn (the influence of low temperature on spring wheat seeds). On the basis of such material, winter-hardy wheat varieties were created, such as Myronivs’ka rannyostygla, Remeslivna, Vo- loshkova and such varieties as Bagira, Vdyachna and Svyankova were submitted to the State Service for Plant Variety Protection.