Purpose. To evaluate Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ according to morphological, productive and quality indicators in the conditions of the Research Center “State Agra­rian and Engineering University in Podilia”. Methods. The studies were carried out in the field crop rotation of the Research Center “Podillia” of the State Agrarian and Engi­neering University in Podilia (SAEU) in 2015–2020. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented mainly by low-humus, weakly leached soils. Experiment setting, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state variety testing. An assessment of the Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was carried out in comparison with the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. Results. The growing season duration of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was 87 days (38 days vegetative and 49 days gene­rative). In the studied variety, a larger number of the 1st order branches up to 5.5 pcs was observed. The number of leaves on the plant was 22–28 pcs./plants. In the studied variety, more than 50% of the grains were located on the main stem and the first order branches, while in common buckwheat this indicator was only 30%. Productivity was 2,28 t/ha, the number of grains in inflorescences was 4,4 grains, in common buckwheat – 0,72 t/ha, and 2.2 grains/inflorescence, respectively. The thousand kernel weight in Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ is 10.2 g less than in common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’ and is 17.4 g, with hulls – 19.5%, which is 3.2% less then in common buckwheat variety.Assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ for resistance to the effects of bio- and abiotic factors indicates that it was at the level of common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’.In terms of resistance to abiotic factors, ‘Kalyna’ variety is characterized by high resistance to spontaneous fallof grain (5 scores) and has simultaneous grain ripening (5 scores). Conclusions.The morphological and economic-biological indicators of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ are significantly higher than the common buckwheat varie­ty ‘Victoriia’. It is recommended to grow Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ as a valuable cereal crop in the Western Forest-Steppe zone.

Purpose. To evaluate Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ according to morphological, productive and quality indicators in the conditions of the Research Center “State Agra­rian and Engineering University in Podilia”. Methods. The studies were carried out in the field crop rotation of the Research Center “Podillia” of the State Agrarian and Engi­neering University in Podilia (SAEU) in 2015–2020. The soil cover of the experimental field is represented mainly by low-humus, weakly leached soils. Experiment setting, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state variety testing. An assessment of the Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was carried out in comparison with the common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’. Results. The growing season duration of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ was 87 days (38 days vegetative and 49 days gene­rative). In the studied variety, a larger number of the 1st order branches up to 5.5 pcs was observed. The number of leaves on the plant was 22–28 pcs./plants. In the studied variety, more than 50% of the grains were located on the main stem and the first order branches, while in common buckwheat this indicator was only 30%. Productivity was 2,28 t/ha, the number of grains in inflorescences was 4,4 grains, in common buckwheat – 0,72 t/ha, and 2.2 grains/inflorescence, respectively. The thousand kernel weight in Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ is 10.2 g less than in common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’ and is 17.4 g, with hulls – 19.5%, which is 3.2% less then in common buckwheat variety.Assessment of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ for resistance to the effects of bio- and abiotic factors indicates that it was at the level of common buckwheat variety ‘Victoriia’.In terms of resistance to abiotic factors, ‘Kalyna’ variety is characterized by high resistance to spontaneous fallof grain (5 scores) and has simultaneous grain ripening (5 scores). Conclusions.The morphological and economic-biological indicators of Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ are significantly higher than the common buckwheat varie­ty ‘Victoriia’. It is recommended to grow Tartary buckwheat variety ‘Kalyna’ as a valuable cereal crop in the Western Forest-Steppe zone.

Purpose. To study the stability and plasticity of spring rapeseed varieties, in order to assess their adaptability potential in the Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Polissia zones, and also select the most ecologically plastic varieties among them. Methods. Field, laboratory, analytical and statistical. Results. Seven varieties of spring rapeseed, included in the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, were studied on indicators of plasticity and stability of yield traits, weight of 1000 seeds, protein and oil content. The highly plastic intensive varieties ‘DK 7150 CL’, ‘DK 7160 CL’ and ‘Sunder’ were selected for yield among the studied varieties, which are able to respond appropriately to changing of growing conditions. Varieties ‘DK 7150 CL’ and ‘DK 7160 CL’ belong to intensive varieties for the parameter of weight of 1000 seeds. The variety ‘Sunder’ was also highly plastic for this parameter. The varieties ‘Axana’, ‘Bilder’ and ‘CLICK CL’, according to their protein content, belong to the intensive type varieties that are capable of combining sufficiently high valu­es of the studied parameter with its stability under changing conditions. Variety ‘DK 7150 CL’, which was low-plastic, has a rather low positive value of the average group deviation of the reaction stability coefficient, therefore, it can be attributed to widely adapted genotypes. Varieties ‘DK 7160 CL’, ‘DK 7175 CL’ and ‘Sander’ belong to highly plastic intensive varieties in oil content. Varieties ‘DK 7175 CL’, ‘Builder’ and ‘CLICK CL’ are showed high stability for yield, varieties ‘Axana’, ‘Sunder’ and ‘CLICK CL’ for weight of 1000 seeds. The varie­ties ‘DK 7160 CL’, ‘DK 7175 CL’, ‘DK 7150 CL’ and ‘Sunder’ were highly stable in protein content, in oil content – varieties ‘DK 7150 CL’, ‘Axana’, ‘Builder’ and ‘CLICK CL’. Conclusions. It were established that high-intensity varieties for yield and weight of 1000 seeds in the Steppe, Forest-Steppe and Polissia zones are ‘DC 7160 CL’ and ‘DK 7150 CL’, for protein content – varieties ‘Axana’, ‘Builder’ and ‘CLICK CL’, for oil content – varieties ‘DK 7160 CL’, ‘DK 7175 CL’ and ‘Sunder’. The evaluation of the plasticity and stability of rapeseed varieties, which were included in the State register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine, makes it possible to select varieties that belong to the intensive type. According to the research results, varieties which are able to successfully adapt to the limiting environmental factors and stress in various soil and climatic zones have been selected.

This contribution is based on the six presentations given at the Special Interest Group meeting on Mathematical modelling of fungal growth and function held during IMC9. The topics covered aspects of fungal growth ranging across several orders of magnitude of spatial and temporal scales from the biomechanics of spore ejection, vesicle trafficking and hyphal tip growth to the form and function of mycelial networks. Each contribution demonstrated an interdisciplinary approach to questions at specific scales. Collectively, they represented a significant advance in the multi-scale understanding offungal biology.

Purpose. To study the economic and biological characteristics and to reveal the genetic potential of various hybrids of Chinese cabbage depending on the climatic zone of cultivation. Methods. In the experiment, hybrids of Chinese cabbage ‘Pioner F1’ (control), ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, ‘Vitimo F1’, ‘Sprinkin F1’, ‘Summer Highland F1’, ‘Suprin F1’, and ‘Richi F1’ were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications with a single plot area of 21 m2. The container seedlings (40 days old) were planted in the middle of April according to the scheme 70 cm by 25 cm. Results. Having been planted at the same time, seed germination over the studied hybrids was not simultaneous. The first sprouted seeds (4 days after seeding) belonged to hybrids ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, and‘Summer Highland F1’. Seeds of the other hybrids started active germination on the 5–6 days after seeding. The highest yield of the cabbage heads was obtained from hybrids ‘Villi F1’ (31.7 t/ha) and ‘Sprinkin F1’ (28.7 t/ha), which was 10.0 and 7.0 t/ha more than in the control variant. The yield of ‘Summer Highland F1’ was 24.9 t/ha and ‘Suprin F1’ 24.6 t/ha. Under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’and ‘Sprinkin F1’ appeared the most productive and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control; and crop commercial quality was high. The highest percentage of dry matter (DM) content was in ‘Summer Highland F1’ (6.2%) followed by ‘Sprinkin F1’ (5.9%), which was 1.1% and 0.8% more than in the control. There was no significant difference between the values of the total sugars content over the variants. They ranged between 1.7 and 2.1%, which was similar to the control values. The content of nitrates in the cabbage heads of the studied Chinese cabbage hybrids was within the tolerance limit and amounted to 600 mg/kg (raw mass). Conclusions. Phenological observations of plant development and their biometric indices, depending on the varietal characteristics, indicate that under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’ and ‘Sprinkin F1’ were more yielding and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control. The crop commercial quality was high. The long growing season of ‘Richi F1’ (93 days) did not affect the crop quality and yield and demonstrated the lowest productivity compared to the control and the other experiment variants.

Purpose. To study the economic and biological characteristics and to reveal the genetic potential of various hybrids of Chinese cabbage depending on the climatic zone of cultivation. Methods. In the experiment, hybrids of Chinese cabbage ‘Pioner F1’ (control), ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, ‘Vitimo F1’, ‘Sprinkin F1’, ‘Summer Highland F1’, ‘Suprin F1’, and ‘Richi F1’ were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications with a single plot area of 21 m2. The container seedlings (40 days old) were planted in the middle of April according to the scheme 70 cm by 25 cm. Results. Having been planted at the same time, seed germination over the studied hybrids was not simultaneous. The first sprouted seeds (4 days after seeding) belonged to hybrids ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, and‘Summer Highland F1’. Seeds of the other hybrids started active germination on the 5–6 days after seeding. The highest yield of the cabbage heads was obtained from hybrids ‘Villi F1’ (31.7 t/ha) and ‘Sprinkin F1’ (28.7 t/ha), which was 10.0 and 7.0 t/ha more than in the control variant. The yield of ‘Summer Highland F1’ was 24.9 t/ha and ‘Suprin F1’ 24.6 t/ha. Under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’and ‘Sprinkin F1’ appeared the most productive and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control; and crop commercial quality was high. The highest percentage of dry matter (DM) content was in ‘Summer Highland F1’ (6.2%) followed by ‘Sprinkin F1’ (5.9%), which was 1.1% and 0.8% more than in the control. There was no significant difference between the values of the total sugars content over the variants. They ranged between 1.7 and 2.1%, which was similar to the control values. The content of nitrates in the cabbage heads of the studied Chinese cabbage hybrids was within the tolerance limit and amounted to 600 mg/kg (raw mass). Conclusions. Phenological observations of plant development and their biometric indices, depending on the varietal characteristics, indicate that under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’ and ‘Sprinkin F1’ were more yielding and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control. The crop commercial quality was high. The long growing season of ‘Richi F1’ (93 days) did not affect the crop quality and yield and demonstrated the lowest productivity compared to the control and the other experiment variants.

Цель. Исследовать хозяйственно-биологические особенности и раскрыть генетический потенциал различных гибридов капусты пекинской в зависимости от климатической зоны выращивания. Методы. Вариантами опыта были гибриды капусты пекинской ‘Pioner F1’ (контроль), ‘Vili F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, ‘Vitimo F1’, ‘Sprinkin F1’, ‘Summer Highland F1’, ‘Suprin F1’, ‘Richi F1’. Площадь учетного участка 21 м2. Опыт закладывался в четырех повторениях, исследуемые варианты размещали методом рендомизированных блоков. Кассетную рассаду в возрасте 40 суток высаживали во второй декаде апреля по схеме 70 × 25 см. Результаты. В один срок посева у гибридов всходы появлялись не одновременно и первые отмечены у гибридов ‘Vili F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’ и ‘Summer Highland F1’ – на 4 сутки после посева, а в остальных – массовые всходы наблюдались несколько позже, на 5–6 сутки после посева. Самый высокий товарный урожай головок получили у гибридов ‘Vili F1’ (31,7 т/га) и ‘Sprinkin F1’ (28,7 т/га), что на 10,0 и 7,0 т/га больше, чем в контроле. Существенно ниже была урожайность у гибридов ‘Summer Highland F1’ – 24,9 и ‘Suprin F1’ – 24,6 т/га. В условиях неустойчивого увлажнения более урожайными были гиб­риды ‘Vili F1’ и ‘Sprinkin F1’, которые обеспечили прирост урожая к контролю 10,0 и 7,0 т/га, а продукция имела высокое товарное качество. Самый высокий процент сухих растворимых веществ установлен в головках гибридов ‘Summer Highland F1’ (6,2%) и ‘Sprinkin F1’ (5,9%), что на 1,1 и 0,8% больше контроля. По сумме сахаров не отмечено существенной разницы между вариантами, данный показатель был на уровне контроля (1,7–2,1%). Содержание нитратов в головках исследуемых гибридов капусты пекинской было в пределах допустимой нормы 600 мг/кг сырой массы. Выводы. Фенологические наблюдения за развитием растений и их биометрические показатели в зависимости от сортовых особенностей указывают, что в условиях неустойчивого увлажнения более урожайными были гибриды ‘Vili F1’ и ‘Sprinkin F1’, которые обеспечили прирост урожая к контролю 10,0 и 7,0 т/га, а продукция была высокого товарного качества. Длительный период вегетации у гибрида ‘Richi F1’ – 93 суток не повлиял на качество и урожайность культуры и обеспечил низкие показатели относительно контрольного и исследуемых вариантов. | Мета. Дослідити господарсько-біологічні особливості та розкрити генетичний потенціал різних гібридів капусти пекінської залежно від кліматичної зони вирощування.Методи. Варіантами досліду були гібриди капусти пекінської ‘Pioner F1’ (контроль), ‘Vili F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, ‘Vitimo F1’, ‘Sprinkin F1’, ‘Summer Highland F1’, ‘Suprin F1’, ‘Richi F1’. Площа облікової ділянки 21 м2. Дослід закладався в чотирьох повтореннях, досліджувані варіанти розміщували методом рендомізованих блоків. Касетну розсаду віком 40 діб висаджували в другій декаді квітня за схемою 70 × 25 см.Результати. За одного строку сівби у гібридів сходи з’являлись неодночасно і перші відмічено у гібридів ‘Vili F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’та ‘Summer Highland F1’ – на 4 добу після сівби, а у решти – масові сходи спостерігали дещо пізніше, на 5–6 добу після сівби. Найвищий товарний врожай головок одержали у гібридів ‘Vili F1’ (31,7 т/га) та ‘Sprinkin F1’ (28,7 т/га), що на 10,0 і 7,0 т/га більше, ніж у контролі. Істотно нижчою була врожайність у гібридів ‘Summer Highland F1’ – 24,9 і ‘Suprin F1’ – 24,6 т/га. В умовах нестійкого зволоження врожайнішими були гібриди ‘Vili F1’та ‘Sprinkin F1’, які забезпечили приріст урожаю до контролю 10,0 і 7,0 т/га, а продукція була високої товарної якості. Найвищий відсоток сухих розчинних речовин був у головках гібридів ‘Summer Highland F1’ (6,2%) і ‘Sprinkin F1’ (5,9%), що на 1,1 і 0,8% більше за контроль. За сумою цукрів не відмічено істотної різниці між варіантами, даний показник був на рівні контролю (1,7–2,1%). Уміст нітратів у головках досліджуваних гібридів капусти пекінської був у межах допустимої норми – 600 мг/кг сирої маси.Висновки. Фенологічні спостереження за розвитком рослин та їхні біометричні показники залежно від сортових особливостей вказують, що в умовах нестійкого зволоження врожайнішими були гібриди ‘Vili F1’та ‘Sprinkin F1’, які забезпечили приріст урожаю до контролю 10,0 і 7,0 т/га, а продукція була високої товарної якості. Тривалий період вегетації у гібриду ‘Richi F1’– 93 доби, не вплинув на якість і врожайність та забезпечив найнижчі показники відносно контрольного і досліджуваних варіантів. | Purpose. To study the economic and biological characteristics and to reveal the genetic potential of various hybrids of Chinese cabbage depending on the climatic zone of cultivation.Methods. In the experiment, hybrids of Chinese cabbage ‘Pioner F1’ (control), ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, ‘Vitimo F1’, ‘Sprinkin F1’, ‘Summer Highland F1’, ‘Suprin F1’, and ‘Richi F1’ were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with four replications with a single plot area of 21 m2. The container seedlings (40 days old) were planted in the middle of April according to the scheme 70 cm by 25 cm.Results. Having been planted at the same time, seed germination over the studied hybrids was not simultaneous. The first sprouted seeds (4 days after seeding) belonged to hybrids ‘Villi F1’, ‘Manoko F1’, ‘Orient Star F1’, and‘Summer Highland F1’. Seeds of the other hybrids started active germination on the 5–6 days after seeding. The highest yield of the cabbage heads was obtained from hybrids ‘Villi F1’ (31.7 t/ha) and ‘Sprinkin F1’ (28.7 t/ha), which was 10.0 and 7.0 t/ha more than in the control variant. The yield of ‘Summer Highland F1’ was 24.9 t/ha and ‘Suprin F1’ 24.6 t/ha. Under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’and ‘Sprinkin F1’ appeared the most productive and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control; and crop commercial quality was high. The highest percentage of dry matter (DM) content was in ‘Summer Highland F1’ (6.2%) followed by ‘Sprinkin F1’ (5.9%), which was 1.1% and 0.8% more than in the control. There was no significant difference between the values of the total sugars content over the variants. They ranged between 1.7 and 2.1%, which was similar to the control values. The content of nitrates in the cabbage heads of the studied Chinese cabbage hybrids was within the tolerance limit and amounted to 600 mg/kg (raw mass).Conclusions. Phenological observations of plant development and their biometric indices, depending on the varietal characteristics, indicate that under the conditions of unstable soil moisture, hybrids ‘Villi F1’ and ‘Sprinkin F1’ were more yielding and ensured yield increase of 10.0 t/ha and 7.0 t/ha, respectively, compared to the control. The crop commercial quality was high. The long growing season of ‘Richi F1’ (93 days) did not affect the crop quality and yield and demonstrated the lowest productivity compared to the control and the other experiment variants.

Purpose. The adaptation of regenerant plants to environmental conditions is the final stage of micropropagation. According to a number of authors, when in vitro plants are transferred to in vivo non-sterile conditions, a significant percentage of mortality is recorded. In a previous publication, the regenerative capacity of strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.) in vitro tissues on MS culture medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) and a regenerants was obtained (Chornobrov O. Yu., 2019). The objective of the study is to develop an optimal protocol of acclimation of in vitro F. vesca plants to in vivo conditions. Methods. Biotechnological and statistical methods of research were applied. For the research ‘Ruiana’ and ‘Zhovte Dyvo’ cultivars were used with in vitro cultivation cycle of 30–35 days. Prepared plants were planted in 0.33 L plastic contai ners, one piece in a mixture of coconut substrate and perlite (3:1). Plants were kept under high relative humidity (85–90%) conditions for 3–5 days, 6–8 days and 10–14 days. The studies were carried out in the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory of SS of NULES of Ukraine “BFRS” during 2019–2020. Results. The duration of Fragaria vesca regenerant plants exposure in conditions of high relative humidity significantly affected adaptation efficiency. The proportion of ‘Ruiana’ and ‘Zhovte Dyvo’ plants adapted to the greenhouse conditions were 47.6 ± 2.5% and 60.0 ± 1.7%, respectively, when the plants were kept for 10–14 days. A significant efficiency of plant adaptation (more than 70%) was obtained under condition of preliminarily exposure the roots of the plants in an auxin solution for 25–30 minutes with daily application of 30% solution of glycerine as foliar spray. The plants adapted to the greenhouse conditions had pigmentation characteristic of the variety, without signs of chlorosis and vitrification. Conclusions. An optimal protocol for in vitro adaptation of F. vesca cultivars to in vivo conditions was developed and viable plants were obtained. Further research will be aimed at studying the growth and development of F. vesca regenerant plants in open ground.

Two cercosporoid species are respectively described from Mexican whorled milkweed (Asclepias fascicularis), and spineless safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) from California. Passalora californica represents a new pathogen on Asclepias fascicularis, while Ramularia cynarae is confirmed on Carthamus tinctorius and Cynara cardunculus (Asteraceae), and an epitype designated. Pathogenicity is also established for both pathogens based on Koch’s postulate.

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of leaf area formation and a structure of lentils variety ‘Antonina’ yield depending on the elements of cultivation technology: ino culation with nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and the use of foliar growth stimulants. Methods. Field, laboratory. The experimental scheme included inoculation of seeds with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Ryzogumin), application of phosphate-solubili zing microorganisms (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn) into the row zone, and foliar feeding with a growth stimulator (Alga 600). Results. The results of studies of the leaf area formation peculiarities and the structure of lentils yield depending on the influence of cultivation technology elements are given in the article. It was found that the maximum indicators of the leaf area were formed by lentils in the flowering phase, which on average in the experiment was at the level of 37.5 thousand m2/ha, and in the control variant – only 32.0 thousand m2/ha. By inoculating the seeds with Rhyzogumin, applying phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation and foliar feeding, we obtained the maximum parameters of the leaf surface of lentil plants in the experiment. Thus, in the variant of inoculation with Rhyzogumin, application of Biophosphoryn and treatment with Alga 600 lentil plants formed a leaf area of 40.3 thousand m2/ha. However, due to the use of the phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation Polimixobacteryn and Alga 600 on the background of seeds inoculation with Rhyzogumin, the leaf area was formed at the level of 39.9 thousand m2/ha. Conclusions. When the seeds were treated with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Rhyzogumin) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn), the yield of lentils increased significantly. Thus, in the experimental plots in the variants with Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn the yield was – 1.64 t/ha, and in the combination Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn + growth stimulator Alga 600 the yield of lentils was – 1.90 t/ha. Seed inoculation had a positive effect on plant height. The best results were obtained when the seeds were treated with Ryzogumin in combination with Biophosphorin and Polimixobacteryn – 44.5 and 44.1 cm, respectively.

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of leaf area formation and a structure of lentils variety ‘Antonina’ yield depending on the elements of cultivation technology: ino culation with nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and the use of foliar growth stimulants.Methods. Field, laboratory. The experimental scheme included inoculation of seeds with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Ryzogumin), application of phosphate-solubili zing microorganisms (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn) into the row zone, and foliar feeding with a growth stimulator (Alga 600).Results. The results of studies of the leaf area formation peculiarities and the structure of lentils yield depending on the influence of cultivation technology elements are given in the article. It was found that the maximum indicators of the leaf area were formed by lentils in the flowering phase, which on average in the experiment was at the level of 37.5 thousand m2/ha, and in the control variant – only 32.0 thousand m2/ha. By inoculating the seeds with Rhyzogumin, applying phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation and foliar feeding, we obtained the maximum parameters of the leaf surface of lentil plants in the experiment. Thus, in the variant of inoculation with Rhyzogumin, application of Biophosphoryn and treatment with Alga 600 lentil plants formed a leaf area of 40.3 thousand m2/ha. However, due to the use of the phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation Polimixobacteryn and Alga 600 on the background of seeds inoculation with Rhyzogumin, the leaf area was formed at the level of 39.9 thousand m2/ha.Conclusions. When the seeds were treated with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Rhyzogumin) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn), the yield of lentils increased significantly. Thus, in the experimental plots in the variants with Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn the yield was – 1.64 t/ha, and in the combination Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn + growth stimulator Alga 600 the yield of lentils was – 1.90 t/ha. Seed inoculation had a positive effect on plant height. The best results were obtained when the seeds were treated with Ryzogumin in combination with Biophosphorin and Polimixobacteryn – 44.5 and 44.1 cm, respectively. | Мета. Установити особливості формування площі листя та структури врожаю сочевиці ‘Антоніна’ залежно від елементів технології вирощування: інокуляції азотфіксувальними й фосфатмобілізувальними мікроорганізмами та застосування позакоренево стимуляторів росту. Методи. Польові, лабораторні. Схема досліду передбачала інокуляцію насіння азотфіксувальними мікроорганізмами (Ризогумін), унесення в зону рядка фосфатмобілізувальних мікроорганізмів (Поліміксобактерин і Біофосфорин) та позакореневе підживлення стимулятором росту (Альга 600).Результати. У статті наведено результати досліджень щодо вивчення особливостей формування площі листя та структури врожаю сочевиці залежно від впливу елементів технології. У результаті проведених досліджень визначено, що у фазі цвітіння рослин сочевиці утворювали максимальні показники площі листя, яка в середньому по досліду була на рівні 37,5 тис. м2/га, а от на контрольному варіанті – лише 32,0 тис. м2/га. За інокуляції насіння Ризогуміном та внесення фосфатмобілізувальних препаратів і позакореневого підживлення отримали максимальні параметри листкової поверхні рослин сочевиці в досліді. Зокрема, у варіанті інокуляції Ризогуміном, унесення Біофосфорину та оброблення Альга 600 рослини сочевиці формували площу листя 40,3 тис. м2/га. А от у разі застосування на фоні інокуляції насіння Ризогуміном фосфатмобілізувального препарату Поліміксобактерин та Альга 600 була сформована площа листя на рівні 39,9 тис. м2/га.Висновки. За оброблення насіння азотфіксувальними мікроорганізмами (Ризогумін) та фосфатмобілізувальними бактеріями (Поліміксобактерин та Біофосфорин) урожайність сочевиці суттєво збільшувалася. Зокрема, у варіанті застосування Ризогумін + Поліміксобактерин урожайність становила 1,64 т/га, Ризогумін + Поліміксобактерин + стимулятор росту Альга 600 – 1,90 т/га. Інокуляція насіння позитивно вплинула й на висоту рослин. Ліпші результати отримано за оброблення насіння Ризогуміном у поєднанні з Біофосфорином та Поліміксобактерином – 44,5 і 44,1 см відповідно.

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of leaf area formation and a structure of lentils variety ‘Antonina’ yield depending on the elements of cultivation technology: ino culation with nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and the use of foliar growth stimulants. Methods. Field, laboratory. The experimental scheme included inoculation of seeds with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Ryzogumin), application of phosphate-solubili zing microorganisms (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn) into the row zone, and foliar feeding with a growth stimulator (Alga 600). Results. The results of studies of the leaf area formation peculiarities and the structure of lentils yield depending on the influence of cultivation technology elements are given in the article. It was found that the maximum indicators of the leaf area were formed by lentils in the flowering phase, which on average in the experiment was at the level of 37.5 thousand m2/ha, and in the control variant – only 32.0 thousand m2/ha. By inoculating the seeds with Rhyzogumin, applying phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation and foliar feeding, we obtained the maximum parameters of the leaf surface of lentil plants in the experiment. Thus, in the variant of inoculation with Rhyzogumin, application of Biophosphoryn and treatment with Alga 600 lentil plants formed a leaf area of 40.3 thousand m2/ha. However, due to the use of the phosphate-solubilizing biopreparation Polimixobacteryn and Alga 600 on the background of seeds inoculation with Rhyzogumin, the leaf area was formed at the level of 39.9 thousand m2/ha. Conclusions. When the seeds were treated with nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (Rhyzogumin) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Polimixobacteryn and Biophosphoryn), the yield of lentils increased significantly. Thus, in the experimental plots in the variants with Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn the yield was – 1.64 t/ha, and in the combination Ryzogumin + Polimixobacteryn + growth stimulator Alga 600 the yield of lentils was – 1.90 t/ha. Seed inoculation had a positive effect on plant height. The best results were obtained when the seeds were treated with Ryzogumin in combination with Biophosphorin and Polimixobacteryn – 44.5 and 44.1 cm, respectively.

Purpose. To identify spring durum wheat accessions with high yield level and by yield components for their involvement in breeding programs as a source material. Methods. Field, statistical. Results. The results of the study of 65 collection samples of spring durum wheat of various ecological and geographical origin in terms of productivity in 2016–2018 are presented. The research results indicate that the samples of spring durum wheat had different yield level depending on the conditions of the year of cultivation. According to the calculations of the degree of yield stability parameters, the samples were found that ensure its level under fluctuations in weather conditions with regression coefficient close to one as follows ‘Omskiy izumrud’ (RUS), ‘Korona’, ‘Toma’, ‘Nauryz 6’ (KAZ), ‘Dura king’, ‘Candura’ (CAN), ‘Tera’, ‘Novatsiia’ (UKR), thus indicating their semi-intensive type. Collection samples of spring durum wheat that under optimal weather conditions are capable of producing significant yield increase are distinguished by wide ecological reaction. These are samples with regression coefficient more than one ‘MIP Raiduzhna’, ‘Hordeiforme 13-07’ (UKR), ‘Lan’, ‘Salaut’, ‘Ertol’ (KAZ), ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’, ‘Lilek’ (RUS). These samples can be characterized by their adaptive properties as intense ones, with a pronounced response to the environment. Over the years of the research, grain number per spike varied from 35.9 to 38.8 pcs. Year conditions in 2016 were the most favorable for plant growth and development, while index of conditions was 4.1, and the average grain number per spike was 41.4 pcs. Year conditions in 2017 and 2018 were less favorable for growth and development of durum spring wheat, and therefore there was a negative value of index of year conditions (lj = -5.1 and lj = 0.5, respectively) with less grain number per spike (32.2 and 38.2 pcs., respectively). According to the trait «1000 kernel weight», the samples were identified with regression coefficient close to one under fluctuations of weather conditions, i.e ‘Korona’, ‘Raya’ (KAZ), ‘Lilek’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ (RUS), ‘MIP Raiduzhna’ (UKR). The grain weight per spike in the collection samples varied from 1.27 to 1.77 g. The stable samples ‘Ertol’, ‘Salaut’, ‘Damsinskaya yantarnaya’ (KAZ), ‘Lilek’ (RUS), ‘Novatsiia’ (UKR), ‘Duraking’, ‘Candura’ (CAN) promising in spring wheat breeding were identified and can be involved in hybridization. Conclusions. Stable and plastic samples were identified among collection material of spring durum wheat in terms of productivity for involvement in scientific programs as source material.

Purpose. Evaluate the introduced samples of soft winter wheat from the international nursery Common Bunt-Resistant Nursery (CBUNT-RES) of different ecological and geographical origin in the southern part of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine according to a set of productivity indicators in order to define the most valuable samples and describe them. Methods. During 2016–2019 on the base of Ustymivka Experimental Station for Plant Production of the V. Ya. Yuriev Plant Production Institute of NAAS the authors studied, evaluated and described 75 new soft winter wheat samples of various eco-geographical origins by productivity traits. In the field and laboratory conditions, indicators of yield and productivi­ty were determined: 1000 grains weight, plant height and ear length, the number of spikelets and grains in the ear, weight of ear and grain and early-ripening. Results. Plant material with increased parameters of economic and biological characters was identified. During studies, it was found that ‘F08347G8’, ‘F00628G34-1’ (Romania), ‘91-142A61/KATIA1//GRISET-4’, ‘SAULESKU#44/TR810200//GRISET-4’, ‘ATTILA/BABAX//PASTOR/4/…’ (IU067591) (Turkey), ‘INTENSIVNAYA//PBW343*2/TUKURU’, ‘SANZAR-8/KKTS’ (Mexico) were the high-yielding varieties. The samples of soft winter wheat as ‘F08347G8’, ‘F00628G34-1’ (Romania), ‘INTENSIVNAYA//PBW343*2/…’ (IU067637) (Mexico), ‘ATAY/GALVEZ87/6/TAST/…’ (IU067587), ‘DE9/MERCAN-2’, ‘KRASNODAR/FRTL/6…’ (IU067595), ‘SAULESKU#44/TR810200//GRISET-4’, ‘GANSU-1/3/AUSGS50AT34/…’ (IU067598), ‘ORKINOS-1*2/3/AUS…’ (IU067608), ‘KAMBARA1/ZANDER-17’ , ‘TAM200/KAUZ/4/CHAM6//…’ (IU067612) (Turkey) contained a large grain weight (more than 5.0 g), plant productivity in these samples was rather high due to increased amount of grains and the thousand kernel weight. Conclusions. The introduced soft winter wheat samples of various eco-geographical origins were adapted to the Southern Forest-Steppe and can be recommended as a source material in breeding to increasing productive capacity.

Purpose. To determine the efficiency of growing soybean varieties ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’, ‘Estafeta’ depending on the influence of microfertilizers and growth regulators. Methods. Field, laboratory. Results. The article presents the results of studying the efficiency of growing different varieties of soybeans. It was found that in the cultivar ‘Ustia’ the best values of assimilation of photosynthetically active radiation were obtained for the applications of Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with growth regulator Radostym, and Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) with two studied growth regulators. Similar patterns of the utilization rate of photosynthetic radiation were obtained for the ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties. According to the indicators of the energy balance, the complex use of micronutrient fertilizers and growth regulators in any case pays off with an increase in the yield, which means it is energetically expedient. The maximum coefficients of energy efficiency in the ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties were obtained with the introduction of micronutrient fertilizers Yara Vita Mono Molitrak in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) + in the flowering phase (0.25 l/ha) and growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym. However, the use of growth regulators separately does not always provide an economic return on investment. In particular, in the variant without Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer, the ‘Cordoba’ variety received 28 873 UAH/ha of net profit, while the introduction of growth regulators did not pay off, since there was no significant increase in the yield, and with the use of growth regulators Biosyl and Radostym net profit was within 28824–29179 UAH/ha. In general, the use of micronutrient fertilizer Yara Vita Mono Molitrak with growth regulators Radostim and Biosyl ensu­red guaranteed yield increase. Conclusions. When gro­wing ‘Ustia’, ‘Cordoba’ and ‘Estafeta’ varieties from an energy point of view, it is better to use Yara Vita Mono Molitrak microfertilizer in the budding phase (0.25 l/ha) with the growth regulator Radostym. Under these conditions, the obtained energy efficiency ratio was 3.24; 3.41 and 3.45, and the profit was 31503, 34072 and 34649 UAH/ha, respectively

Pear ring rot disease, mainly caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea, is widespread in most pear and apple-growing regions. Mycoviruses are used for biocontrol, especially in fruit tree disease. BdCV1 (Botryosphaeria dothidea chrysovirus 1) and BdPV1 (Botryosphaeria dothidea partitivirus 1) influence the biological characteristics of B. dothidea strains. BdCV1 is a potential candidate for the control of fungal disease. Therefore, it is vital to explore interactions between B. dothidea and mycovirus to clarify the pathogenic mechanisms of B. dothidea and hypovirulence of B. dothidea in pear. A high-quality full-length genome sequence of the B. dothidea LW-Hubei isolate was obtained using Single Molecule Real-Time sequencing. It has high repeat sequence with 9.3% and DNA methylation existence in the genome. The 46.34 Mb genomes contained 14,091 predicted genes, which of 13,135 were annotated. B. dothidea was predicted to express 3833 secreted proteins. In bioinformatics analysis, 351 CAZy members, 552 transporters, 128 kinases, and 1096 proteins associated with plant-host interaction (PHI) were identified. RNA-silencing components including two endoribonuclease Dicer, four argonaute (Ago) and three RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) molecules were identified and expressed in response to mycovirus infection. Horizontal transfer of the LW-C and LW-P strains indicated that BdCV1 induced host gene silencing in LW-C to suppress BdPV1 transmission. To investigate the role of RNA-silencing in B. dothidea defense, we constructed four small RNA libraries and sequenced B. dothidea micro-like RNAs (Bd-milRNAs) produced in response to BdCV1 and BdPV1 infection. Among these, 167 conserved and 68 candidate novel Bd-milRNAs were identified, of which 161 conserved and 20 novel Bd-milRNA were differentially expressed. WEGO analysis revealed involvement of the differentially expressed Bd-milRNA-targeted genes in metabolic process, catalytic activity, cell process and response to stress or stimulus. BdCV1 had a greater effect on the phenotype, virulence, conidiomata, vertical and horizontal transmission ability, and mycelia cellular structure biological characteristics of B. dothidea strains than BdPV1 and virus-free strains. The results obtained in this study indicate that mycovirus regulates biological processes in B. dothidea through the combined interaction of antiviral defense mediated by RNA-silencing and milRNA-mediated regulation of target gene mRNA expression.

Purpose. To substantiate the features of the classification of morphobiological and economically valuable indicators of highbush blueberry varieties of Vaccinium corymbosum L. Methods. The studies were carried out during 2012–2019. Research methods: field (visual examination of the manifestation of morphological signs of vegetative and generative organs of blueberry plants), laboratory (determination of the content of vitamin C, total sugar, pectin, carotenes, anthocyanins, flavonoids, total acidity in berries), analytical, comparative, statistical (cluster analysis). Results. Over the years of research, varieties of highbush blueberries were characterized by a stable manifestation of homogeneous morphological traits and economically valuable performance indicators. In particular, the studied varieties are classified according to ripeness groups: very early: ‘Fiolent’; early: ‘Draper’, ‘Huron’, ‘Clockwork’, ‘Cargo’, ‘Laska’; medium: ‘Blue Ribbon’, ‘Top shelf’, ‘ZF08-070’, ‘Mavka’; late: ‘Liberti’, ‘Last Call’ and very late: ‘Aurora’, ‘Overtime’. It was determined that the quantitative morphological traits of highbush blueberry varieties that influenced the formation of plant productivity include such traits as growth vigor, leaf length, leaf width, inflorescences lengthwise, bunch density, fruit size. Economically valuable indicators of suitability of highbush blueberry varieties remained stable within the ripeness group. The highest yield (19.5 t/ha) was provided by the mid-season variety ‘Mavka’ of domestic selection. The yield of berries from the bush of this variety was also high and amounted to 7 kg. The studied performance indicators were low in the variety ‘Blue Ribbon’ – 10.2 t/ha and 2.4 kg, respectively. The minimum and maximum values of the manifestation of characteristics will serve to establish the limiting boundaries of its variation in the next modeling of economically valuable indicators of highbush blueberry varieties. Conclusions. Such morphobiological characteristics of highbush blueberry varieties, as plant growth vigor, leaf length, leaf width, inflorescences lengthwise, bunch density, fruit size are closely related to plant productivity, berry yield per bush, berry weight and yield. Therefore, they can be involved in the development and improvement of the model of suitability indicators of highbush blueberries for distribution in Ukraine.

Mucorales are basal fungi that opportunistically cause a potentially fatal infection known as mucormycosis (black fungus disease), which poses a significant threat to human health due to its high mortality rate and its recent association with SARS-CoV-2 infections. On the other hand, histone methylation is a regulatory mechanism with pleiotropic effects, including the virulence of several pathogenic fungi. However, the role of epigenetic changes at the histone level never has been studied in Mucorales. Here, we dissected the functional role of Set1, a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes the methylation of H3K4, which is associated with the activation of gene transcription and virulence. A comparative analysis of the Mucor lusitanicus genome (previously known as Mucor circinelloides f. lusitanicus) identified only one homolog of Set1 from Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae that contains the typical SET domain. Knockout strains in the gene set1 lacked H3K4 monomethylation, dimethylation, and trimethylation enzymatic activities. These strains also showed a significant reduction in vegetative growth and sporulation. Additionally, set1 null strains were more sensitive to SDS, EMS, and UV light, indicating severe impairment in the repair process of the cell wall and DNA lesions and a correlation between Set1 and these processes. During pathogen-host interactions, strains lacking the set1 gene exhibited shortened polar growth within the phagosome and attenuated virulence both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that the histone methyltransferase Set1 coordinates several cell processes related to the pathogenesis of M. lusitanicus and may be an important target for future therapeutic strategies against mucormycosis.

Purpose. Determine the best options for effective fungicidal protection of soft winter wheat varieties against disea­ses that will ensure a high yield and grain quality. Methods. Four winter wheat varieties with different disease resistance were sown in the field: ‘Berehynia myronivska’, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’, ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ (originator – The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS of Ukraine). In the shooting phase, the crops were treated with fungicides Acanto Plus 28, Talius 20, Falcon 460 EC, and in the heading phase – Amistar Trio 255 EC, Tilt Turbo 575 EC, Vareon 520. Results. During the period of milky stage, the technical effectiveness of the use of fungicides against powdery mildew was at the level of 72–100%, septoria leaf spot – 58–76, brown rust – 100%. The most effective option for fungicidal protection is the application of Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase + Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase. Under such conditions, ‘Podolianka’ variety formed the maximum grain yield – 5.56 t/ha, the preserved yield was 0.75 t/ha. Greater yield increase (0.82–0.86 t/ha) was provided by ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ variety. The use of Acanto Plus 28 and Amistar Trio 255 EC fungicides also contributed to the formation of the best grain quality of the studied winter wheat varieties. Conclusions. The varieties ‘Berehynia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ formed the highest grain yield during the processing of crops with the fungicide Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase and Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’ – Falcon 460 EC + Vareon 520, variety ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ Talius 20 + Tilt Turbo 575 EC, respectively. The variety ‘Berehynia myronivska’ provides the best indicators of grain quality when using the fungicide Falcon 460 EC in the shooting phase and Vareon 520 in the heading phase, other varieties – Acanto Plus 28 + Amistar Trio 255 EC, respectively.

Purpose. Determine the best options for effective fungicidal protection of soft winter wheat varieties against disea­ses that will ensure a high yield and grain quality. Methods. Four winter wheat varieties with different disease resistance were sown in the field: ‘Berehynia myronivska’, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’, ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ (originator – The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS of Ukraine). In the shooting phase, the crops were treated with fungicides Acanto Plus 28, Talius 20, Falcon 460 EC, and in the heading phase – Amistar Trio 255 EC, Tilt Turbo 575 EC, Vareon 520. Results. During the period of milky stage, the technical effectiveness of the use of fungicides against powdery mildew was at the level of 72–100%, septoria leaf spot – 58–76, brown rust – 100%. The most effective option for fungicidal protection is the application of Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase + Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase. Under such conditions, ‘Podolianka’ variety formed the maximum grain yield – 5.56 t/ha, the preserved yield was 0.75 t/ha. Greater yield increase (0.82–0.86 t/ha) was provided by ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ variety. The use of Acanto Plus 28 and Amistar Trio 255 EC fungicides also contributed to the formation of the best grain quality of the studied winter wheat varieties. Conclusions. The varieties ‘Berehynia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ formed the highest grain yield during the processing of crops with the fungicide Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase and Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’ – Falcon 460 EC + Vareon 520, variety ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ Talius 20 + Tilt Turbo 575 EC, respectively. The variety ‘Berehynia myronivska’ provides the best indicators of grain quality when using the fungicide Falcon 460 EC in the shooting phase and Vareon 520 in the heading phase, other varieties – Acanto Plus 28 + Amistar Trio 255 EC, respectively. | Мета. Визначити варіанти ефективного фунгіцидного захисту сортів пшениці м’якої озимої від хвороб, які забезпечать найвищий рівень урожайності та якості зерна. Методи. У польових умовах висівали чотири сорти пшениці озимої з різною стійкістю проти хвороб: ‘Берегиня миронівська’, ‘Господиня миронівська’, ‘Горлиця миронівська’ та ‘Подолянка’ (оригінатор – Миронівський інститут пшениці ім. В. М. Ремесла НААН України). У фазі трубкування культури посіви обробляли фунгіцидами Аканто Плюс 28, Таліус 20, Фалькон 460 ЕС, у фазі колосіння – Амістар Тріо 255 ЕС, Тілт Турбо 575 ЕС, Вареон 520. Результати. У період молочної стиглості зерна технічна ефективність застосування фунгіцидів проти борошнистої роси була на рівні 72–100%, септоріозу листя – 58–76, бурої іржі – 100%. Найефективнішим варіантом фунгіцидного захисту є внесення Аканто Плюс 28 у фазі виходу в трубку + Амістар Тріо 255 ЕС у фазі колосіння. За таких умов сорт ‘Подолянка’ формував максимальну врожайність зерна – 5,56 т/га, збережений урожай становив 0,75 т/га. Більший приріст урожайності (0,82–0,86 т/га) забезпечив сорт ‘Горлиця миронівська’. Застосування фунгіцидів Аканто Плюс 28 та Амістар Тріо 255 ЕС також сприяло формуванню найліпшої якості зерна досліджуваних сортів пшениці озимої. Висновки. Сорти ‘Берегиня миронівська’ і ‘Подолянка’ формували найбільшу врожайність зерна за оброблення посівів фунгіцидом Аканто Плюс 28 у фазі виходу в трубку та Амістар Тріо 255 ЕС у фазі колосіння, ‘Господиня миронівська’ – Фалькон 460 ЕС + Вареон 520, сорт ‘Горлиця миронівська’ – Таліус 20 + Тілт Турбо 575 ЕС відповідно. Сорт ‘Берегиня миронівська’ забезпечує ліпші показники якості зерна в разі застосування фунгіциду Фалькон у фазі трубкування та Вареон у фазі колосіння, інші сорти – Аканто Плюс 28 + Амістар Тріо 255 ЕС відповідно. | Цель. Определить варианты эффективной фунгицидной защиты сортов пшеницы мягкой озимой от болезней, обеспечивающие наибольший уровень урожайности и качества зерна. Методы. В полевых условиях высевали четыре сорта пшеницы озимой с разной устойчивостью к болезням: ‘Берегиня миронівська’, ‘Господиня миронівська’, ‘Горлиця миронівська’ и ‘Подолянка’ (оригинатор – Мироновский институт пшеницы им. В. Н. Ремесло НААН Украины). В фазе трубкования культуры посевы обрабатывали фунгицидами Аканто Плюс 28, Талиус 20, Фалькон 460 ЕС, в фазе колошения – Амистар Трио 255 ЕС, Тилт Турбо 575 ЕС, Вареон 520. Результаты. В период молочной спелости техническая эффективность применения фунгицидов против мучнистой росы была на уровне 72–100%, септориоза листьев – 58–76, бурой ржавчины – 100%. Наиболее эффективным вариантом фунгицидной защиты является внесение Аканто Плюс 28 в фазе выхода в трубку + Амистар Трио 255 ЕС в фазе колошения. При таких условиях сорт ‘Подолянка’ сформировал максимальную урожайность зерна – 5,56 т/га, сохраненный урожай составил 0,75 т/га. Больший прирост урожайности (0,82–0,86 т/га) обеспечил сорт ‘Горлиця миронівська’. Применение фунгицидов Аканто Плюс 28 и Амистар Трио 255 ЕС также способствовало формированию наилучшего качества зерна исследуемых сортов пшеницы озимой. Выводы. Сорта ‘Берегиня миронівська’ и ‘Подолянка’ формировали наибольшую урожайность зерна при обработке посевов фунгицидом Аканто Плюс 28 в фазе выхода в трубку и Амистар Трио 255 ЕС в фазе колошения, ‘Господиня миронівська’ – Фалькон 460 ЕС + Вареон 520, сорт ‘Горлиця миронівська’ – Талиус 20 + Тилт Турбо 575 ЕС соответственно. Сорт ‘Берегиня миронівська’ обеспечивает лучшие показатели качества зерна при применении фунгицидов Фалькон 460 ЕС в фазе трубкования и Вареон 520 в фазе колошения, другие сорта – Аканто Плюс 28 и Амистар Трио 255 ЕС соответственно.

Purpose. Determine the best options for effective fungicidal protection of soft winter wheat varieties against disea­ses that will ensure a high yield and grain quality. Methods. Four winter wheat varieties with different disease resistance were sown in the field: ‘Berehynia myronivska’, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’, ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ (originator – The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS of Ukraine). In the shooting phase, the crops were treated with fungicides Acanto Plus 28, Talius 20, Falcon 460 EC, and in the heading phase – Amistar Trio 255 EC, Tilt Turbo 575 EC, Vareon 520. Results. During the period of milky stage, the technical effectiveness of the use of fungicides against powdery mildew was at the level of 72–100%, septoria leaf spot – 58–76, brown rust – 100%. The most effective option for fungicidal protection is the application of Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase + Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase. Under such conditions, ‘Podolianka’ variety formed the maximum grain yield – 5.56 t/ha, the preserved yield was 0.75 t/ha. Greater yield increase (0.82–0.86 t/ha) was provided by ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ variety. The use of Acanto Plus 28 and Amistar Trio 255 EC fungicides also contributed to the formation of the best grain quality of the studied winter wheat varieties. Conclusions. The varieties ‘Berehynia myronivska’ and ‘Podolianka’ formed the highest grain yield during the processing of crops with the fungicide Acanto Plus 28 in the shooting phase and Amistar Trio 255 EC in the heading phase, ‘Hospodynia myronivska’ – Falcon 460 EC + Vareon 520, variety ‘Horlytsia myronivska’ Talius 20 + Tilt Turbo 575 EC, respectively. The variety ‘Berehynia myronivska’ provides the best indicators of grain quality when using the fungicide Falcon 460 EC in the shooting phase and Vareon 520 in the heading phase, other varieties – Acanto Plus 28 + Amistar Trio 255 EC, respectively.