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Erosion effects of air pollution on needle surfaces.
1986
Karhu M. | Huttunen S.
Needle surface characteristics and element contents of Norway spruce in relation to the distance of emission sources
1999
Trimbacher, C. | Weiss, P. (Federal Environment Agency, Spittelauer Laende 5, A-1090 Vienna (Austria))
Scots pine needle surfaces on radial transects across the north boreal area of Finnish Lapland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia
1996
Turunen, M. | Huttunen, S. (Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, P.O. Box 122, FIN-96101, Rovaniemi (Finland))
Surface structures and epicuticular wax composition of spruce needles after long-term treatment with ozone and acid mist
1990
Lutz, C. | Heinzmann, U. | Gulz, P.G. (GSF Munchen, 8042 Neuherberg (Germany))
Epicuticular wax morphology in pollution research - a critical evaluation
1995
Bermadinger-Stabentheiner, E. | Grill, D. (Graz Univ. (Austria). Plant Physiology Inst.)
To use alterations to epicuticular wax morphology as a successful tool in forest damage research, however, it is necessary to distinguish environmental influence and artefacts from common pollution effects. This paper gives a short review about alterations to epicuticular wax morphology of spruce needles.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Changes of epicuticular waxes due to forest latent damage caused by air pollution
1999
Bednarova, E. (Mendelova Zemedelska a Lesnicka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Lesnicka a Drevarska Fakulta)
Epicuticular waxes on the needles of Norway spruce and Scots pine in the area of the Kunda cement plant
2000
Mandre, M. | Bogdanov, V. (Estonian Agricultural Univ., Tartu (Estonia). Forest Research Inst.)
The aim of the study was to compare the amount of epicuticular waxes of Norway spruce and Scots pine needles from the area of cement production in Kunda. The amount of Norway spruce waxes decreased under air pollution influences and with ageing. The quantity of waxes of Scots pine needles showed an increasing tendency in the polluted area and in one-year-old needles compared with the current-year ones. A rapid decrease in the amount of waxes was established also in the older needles of Scots pine
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