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Heavy metal concentrations in consecutive saturation extracts of dredged sediment derived surface soils
1998
Tack, F.M.G. | Singh, S.P. | Verloo, M.G. (Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, University of Ghent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent (Belgium))
Competitive sorption of heavy metal by soils. Isotherms and fractional factorial experiments
1998
Echeverria, J.C. | Morera, M.T. | Mazkiaran, C. | Garrido, J.J. (Universidad Publica de Navarra, Departamento de Quimica Aplicada, Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona (Spain))
Removal of trace metals from contaminated soils using EDTA incorporating resin trapping techniques
1998
Tejowulan, R.S. | Hendershot, W.H. (Department of Soil Science, University of Mantaram, Jin. Pendidikan No. 56, Mantaram, NTB (Indonesia))
Changes in tree ring chemistry in sugar maple (Acer saccharum) along an urban-rural gradient in southern Ontario
1998
Watmough, S.A. | Hutchinson, T.C. | Sager, E.P.S. (Environmental Resource Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8 (Canada))
The adaptation of Silene vulgaris to growth on a calamine waste heap (S. Poland)
1998
Wierzbicka, M. | Panufnik, D. (Environmental Plant Pollution Laboratory, Department of Morphogenesis, Institute of Plant Experimental Biology, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmiescie 26/28, 00-927 Warsaw (Poland))
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Sediments of the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary, Wisconsin, U.S.A
1998
Li, An | Ab Razak, Irwan A. | Ni, Fan | Gin, Michael F. | Christensen, Erik R.
From 1990 to 1994, a total of 21 sediment cores and 37 grab sediment samples were collected from the Milwaukee Harbor Estuary. Each sediment core was sectioned and dated using ²¹⁰Pb and¹³⁷ Cs radioisotope techniques. A total of 305 samples were analyzed for sixteen polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs). Grain size distribution, porosity, and total organic carbon content as measured by loss on ignition were also determined. The results provide a historical overview of the impact of industrialization in the Milwaukee area. Although highly variable, the concentration profile of PAHs show, in general, peaks in the 1950's through 1980's. The PAH concentrations have declined since then for most sediment cores. The current levels of total PAHs in most surface sediment samples range from 25 to 200 ppm. A few cores, some of which were collected in 1994, have an elevated PAH concentration at the surface. Toxicity of the surface sediments was evaluated by comparing with the benchmark values developed by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The most heavily contaminated area was found in the Kinnickinnic River between the Becher Street Bridge and the Wisconsin Wrecking Company Wharf. The highest total PAH concentration determined from seven vibra cores collected in this area ranges from 380 to 1000 ppm. The former Wisconsin Solvay Coke Company may have been a major point source of PAHs until the 1970's. Highway traffic and various industrial discharges also contribute to the sediment PAHs in this area.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Airborne Pollution in Five Drainage Basins in Eastern Finnmark, Norway: an Evaluation of Overbank Sediments as Sampling Medium for Environmental Studies and Geochemical Mapping
1998
Langedal, Marianne | Ottesen, Rolf Tore
To study whether airborne pollution can be detected in overbank sediments, samples collected from five overbank sediment profiles in eastern Finnmark, Norway, at 1 cm depth intervals, were subjected to chemical analysis and ²¹⁰Pb dating. The studied drainage basins constitute parts of an area polluted by emissions from two Ni-Cu smelters in Russia. In the most polluted catchment area, the surface sample showed a 5-fold higher Ni concentration and a 3-fold higher Cu concentration than the pre-industrial sediments at depth. The increases started at the same time as the smelters. Slight Ni increases were also detected in the neighbouring drainage basin, while no significant concentration change was seen in drainage basins previously shown to be only weakly influenced by the smelter emissions. In the most polluted drainage basin, the increase in Ni accumulation rate did not equal the airborne deposition rate. Selective surface erosion of fine grained particles with adhering airborne Ni has probably caused excess Ni accumulation in both overbank and lake sediments. On the contrary, opening of minerogenic point sources may dilute the pollutant concentrations in the drainage sediments. Thus, dating of the sediment profiles is necessary to determine the airborne pollutant accumulation rates. However, dating is not necessary to map the resultant concentration increase, that may show the increased exposure of humans and biota in contact with the sediments.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Assessment of Atmospheric Heavy Metals by Moss Monitoring with Isothecium Stoloniferum Brid. in the Fraser Valley, B.C., Canada
1998
Pott, Ute | Turpin, David H.
The atmospheric heavy metal pollution of the Fraser Valley, B.C., Canada was assessed in 1993 by analyzing 62 samples of the common woodland moss Isothecium stoloniferum for lead, cadmium, nickel, zinc, chromium, and manganese. The latter two metals did not show a distinct regional distribution, but lead, cadmium, nickel, and zinc showed distinct pattern along a west-east gradient. High values were found in the metropolitan Vancouver area, located in the west of the study region. Significantly lower values were recorded for mosses from the eastern more rural areas of the Fraser Valley. Metal pollutants are likely to be contained close to their emission sources by alternating south-east, north-west winds. Highest values overall were found in the North Shore Mountains, adjacent to Vancouver. This was related to higher precipitation and short range pollutant transport from the industrialized, heavily populated areas in the floodplain of the Fraser River.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Geographic Classification of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Mosses and Stream Sediments in the Federal Republic of Germany
1998
Berlekamp, Jürgen | Herpin, Uwe | Matthies, Michael | Lieth, Helmut | Markert, Bernd | Weckert, Vera | Wolterbeek, H. Th. | Verburg, Tona | Zinner, Hans-Jürgen | Siewers, Ulrich
The results of the first German moss monitoring programme to estimate heavy metal pollution in the Federal Republic of Germany were combined with other large-scale investigations carried out in Germany and then classified geographically in a new form. Using Monte Carlo assisted factor analysis, six factors indicating sources of pollution were identified from the sets of element data from the moss monitoring project (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, Zn) and the data sets for SO₂ and particulate. The geographic distribution patterns of the factor values showed the regions in which the various sources are to be found. By combining the data the primarily anthropogenic chromium concentrations of the mosses were compared with the mainly geogenic chromium concentrations of the stream sediments in the form of examples. After normalization, the transformed chromium concentrations were transferred to a map of the entire area using inverse distance weighting. Anthropogenic and geogenic influences are being discussed on the basis of the results.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Effects of nesting yellow-legged gulls (Larus cachinnans pallas) on the heavy metal content of soils in the Cies Islands (Galicia, North-West Spain)
1998
Perez, X.L.O. (Departamento de Edafoloxia e Quimica Agricola, Facliltade de Bioloxia, 15 706 Santiago de Compostela (Spain))