Cereal-based foods are utilized as an essential food segment worldwide. Nevertheless, their contamination by mycotoxins, also fumonisins, could pose a critical health risk. The present research provides the first systematic review regarding the prevalence and concentration of fumonisins in cereal-based food with the aid of a meta-analysis. In this regard, some international databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were explored during the last 30 years. Among 9729 screened articles, 73 articles (which meet the proposed inclusion criteria), including 11,132 data, were incorporated in the performed meta-analysis. The overall rank order regarding the concentration of fumonisins in cereal-based foods was corn-based foods > wheat-based foods > other cereal foods > barley-based foods > rice-based foods > oat-based foods. Based on the prevalence of fumonisins, the overall rank order was other cereal foods > corn-based foods > rice-based foods > wheat-based foods > oat-based foods > barley-based food. The present meta-analysis results can be a beneficial database for risk assessment model progress, which can help industries and organizations decrease the presence of fumonisins in cereal-based food.

This article aims to evaluate the impact of urbanization on land use changes and the effects of land use changes on catchment’s runoff. The maximum likelihood method was used to interpret the seven remote sensing images of the Puhe River Basin from 1985 to 2015. The Mann-Kendall test, sliding T test, and double accumulation method are adopted to analyze the impact of land use changes on watershed runoff. The results show that with the development of urbanization, a large amount of cultivated land was replaced by urban construction land. By 2015, the construction land area accounted for 72.16% of the total area. The year 1995 was a turning point in the urbanization development. The change of land use type has substantial influence on runoff and results in the increase of runoff coefficient. Human activities become the main factor affecting runoff change in the Puhe River Basin.

Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) is involved in the synthesis of haem and exhibits a polymorphic nature. δ-ALAD polymorphism produces two alleles, namely δ-ALAD-1 and δ-ALAD-2, which in turn produce three different phenotypes, namely δ-ALAD1-1, δ-ALAD1-2, and δ-ALAD2-2. δ-ALAD gene is more susceptible to lead (Pb) toxicity than any other genes. Its genotype and phenotype frequencies change with respect to different geographical areas and extent of Pb exposure. The δ-ALAD-2 allele dominancy is linked with high concentration of lead in the body. It has also been thought that the δ-ALAD-2 allele can provoke Pb toxicity by producing a protein that binds more tightly with Pb than δ-ALAD-1 protein. However, few evidences suggest that δ-ALAD-2 may reduce harmful effects by increasing excretion of Pb from the body, thus producing its unavailability towards pathophysiologic alterations. However, the recent evidences have supported that the individuals who are heterozygote for the δ-ALAD-1 allele may be associated with a higher risk of long-term Pb toxicity. In this regard, the individuals who are exposed at occupational levels are among the most frequent study population. The main objective of our study was to explore the gene susceptibility associated with Pb poisoning. Moreover, this study also summarizes various sources of Pb exposure and thereafter outlined multiple strategies to minimize the Pb toxicity in order to save the exposed residential communities.

Despite the potential shown by previous investigations on the use of ultrasound for the remediation of oil-contaminated sand, the influence and interactions among ultrasonic parameters and oily sand are unclear, leading to possible ineffective treatment and high-power consumption. In order to improve the process efficiency, this work analyzes the effects of ultrasonic power, frequency, and load toward the cleaning of crude oil–contaminated sand, using two different sample positions and sand types. Crude oil–contaminated beach sand and produced sand from offshore oil well were used as samples. They were cleaned in custom-made ultrasonic bath reactor for 10 min with power from 30 to 120 W, frequency covering 25–60 kHz, and sand load of 10–100 g. With experimental design consisting multiple factors and levels, the interactions between factors in all possible combinations were determined using ANOVA (n = 210). From p-value based at 95% confidence interval and extensive F test, the three most significant factors were the sand type, the ultrasonic frequency, and the interaction between sand type and frequency. The best setting for suspended samples involved high frequency of 60 kHz, whereas bottom samples preferred low frequency at 28 kHz. This finding was justified when the acoustic pressure attenuation, standing wave pattern, and surface pitting/cracking were found in correlation with the cleaning results. Overall, the maximum treatment under ultrasonic bath solely gained around 60%, improvable by hybrid cleaning with other techniques such as chemical, biological, mechanical, and thermal.

Isotopic effects of carbonyls were investigated using the simulation reactions of carbonyls with the cysteamine derivatization. Furthermore, variations of carbon isotopic for three dominant carbonyls including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the roadside air of Nanning were measured using a developed method. It was found that there was a small difference in δ¹³C values (0.04 to 0.50‰) between the calculated and measured carbonyl derivatives, indicating that no effects on the carbon isotopic fractionation occurred in the simulation reactions of carbonyls with cysteamine. The subsequent ambient air measurements showed that [Formula: see text]C values of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were − 36.02 to − 31.18‰, − 35.35 to − 32.01‰, and − 30.45 to − 29.09‰, respectively. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone in the air were all enriched in the early afternoon by round 0.5–6‰ in ¹³C compared to other sampling durations, which caused likely due to the contribution from positive photo-oxidation production of hydrocarbons. Finally, it was revealed that all the measured [Formula: see text]C values (− 36.02 to − 29.09‰) were in the range of the forecasted [Formula: see text]C values (− 43.00 to − 26.00‰) in terms of ¹³C mass balance of carbonyls and their hydrocarbon precursors, indirectly confirming such positive productions in the air.

Soil moisture assessment on production land is gaining more attention as one of the critical factors and had a remarkable impact on agriculture production, life as well as global warming. Bibliometric analysis is performed by extracting datasets from SCOPUS from 2000 to 2020 to analyse soil moisture using remote sensing study and progress in the last two decades. The outcome indicates that study on the development of soil moisture monitoring tools using remote sensing has been increasing especially for international cooperation articles. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) recorded the most productive journal published articles in this field. Among the top active countries that produce most articles were the USA followed by China. The current keywords search on soil mechanism and satellite technology frequently searched in this field. Global issues that focus on the relationship between soil moisture and environmental forecast such as drought, climate change and global warming by using remote sensing technology needed more high impact research outputs in the future.

More than twenty abandoned coal mines in the Yudong River Basin of Guizhou Province have discharged acid mine drainage (AMD) for a long time. The revelation of microbial community composition, interaction patterns, and metabolic functions can contribute to a better understanding of such ecosystems, which in its turn can be helpful in the development of strategies aiming at the ecological remediation of AMD pollution. In this study, reference and contaminated soil samples were collected along the AMD flow path for high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that the long-term AMD pollution promoted the evolution of γ-Proteobacteria, and the acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria Ferrovum (relative abundance of 15.50%) and iron-reducing bacteria Metallibacterium (9.87%) belonging to this class became the dominant genera. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that the proportion of positive correlations among bacteria increased from 51.02 (reference soil) to 75.16% (contaminated soil), suggesting that acidic pollution promotes the formation of mutualistic interaction networks of microorganisms. Metabolic function prediction (Tax4Fun) revealed that AMD contamination enhanced microbial functions such as translation, repair, and biosynthesis of peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide, etc., which may be an adaptive mechanism for microbial survival in extremely acidic environment. In addition, acidic pollution promoted the high expression of nitrogen-fixing genes in soil, and the discovery of autotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Ferrovum highlights the possibility of using this taxon for bioremediation of AMD pollution.

Contamination of water streams by dyes and heavy metals has become a major problem due to their persistence, accumulation, and toxicity. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate and/or reduce these contaminants before discharge into the natural environment. In recent years, 3D graphene has drawn intense research interests owing to its large surface area, superior charge conductivity, and thermal conductivity properties. Due to their unique surface and structural properties, 3D graphene-based materials (3D GBMs) are regarded as ideal adsorbents for decontamination and show great potential in wastewater or exhaust gas treatment. Here, this minireview summarizes the recent progress on 3D GBMs synthesis and their applications for adsorbing dyes and heavy metals from wastewater based on the structures and properties of 3D GBMs, which provides valuable insights into 3D GBMs’ application in the environmental field.

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of smog in Chinese cities has prompted great changes in the policy environment faced by enterprises. In this study, we address the question whether the decision-making behavior of enterprises will be affected by smog. This paper studied the 2010–2018 data of 218 listed Chinese polluting companies to investigate the impact of smog on corporate social responsibility (CSR). The subjects of this study were all listed on China’s A-share market on either the Shenzhen or Shanghai Stock Exchange. The empirical results indicate the following: (1) the more serious the smog, the more likely enterprises are to perform CSR; (2) smog exerts a higher impact on the social responsibility of enterprises that receive more media attention. Further research determined that media attention, whether positive, negative, or neutral, plays the same role in moderating the relationship between smog and CSR; and (3) compared to private enterprises, the function of smog in promoting the CSR fulfillment of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) is more obvious. Based on the reality of Chinese polluting industries, this research combined smog and media attention in the exploration of CSR, which not only enriches CSR research but also provides positive guidance for the sustainable development of polluting enterprises.

The suitable location selection for artificial recharge with treated wastewater is an important issue, especially in arid and semiarid countries as a result of rapid population growth, increasing water demand, excessive use of groundwater resources, and mismanagement of limited freshwater resources. However, the determination of suitable sites is a complex process affected the environment, social, and economic concerns. This study shows the integration of the geographic information system (GIS) and the multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) to determine a suitable artificial recharge site with treated wastewater for Ariana, Tunisia. According to the literature review, data available on artificial recharge and regional characteristics, thirteen constraints and five factors were determined to choose the best potential site for artificial recharge. The constraints helped the determination of unsuitable sites with Boolean logic, while factors, standardized using fuzzy logic and weighted with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), helped to identify suitable locations. All criteria were overlaid on a decision structure after two scenarios based on environment and economic were identified with a weighted linear combination (WLC) that selects the suitable sites for artificial recharge. The results indicated that three potential sites were suitable for artificial recharge with treated wastewater. Finally, the ELECTRE III method was used to classify the three determining potential areas to order the best locations for aquifer recharge with treated water according to their characteristics from higher to lower weighted: distance from the road, geometric form of the site, cost of the site, and distance from wetlands.