Haor regions are inhabited by one of the most economically disadvantaged communities, which rely on agriculture and endure numerous challenges due to its vulnerability. This article analyzes the data obtained from Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), which were subsequently connected to prior publications to identify the nature of the agricultural land-related problems in the Netrokona Haor basin. Multiple concerns and their nature have been uncovered through the examination. Among those, difficulties in irrigation systems pose the greatest challenge for regional producers. Additional challenges encompass land fragmentation, pollution, erosion, fishing-related concerns, drainage infrastructure, and flood. This study discusses probable solutions with the directive to new research that claims collaborative venture through government and private agencies. Carefully designed research-based policy framework prioritizing strict implementation of existing laws is crucial to effectively mitigate the problem.

This study entitled was conducted in 3 places of Dolakha district namely Boach, Jiri and Bigu. The study was conducted during 20thjuly to 6th September 2017. The main aim of this study was to find out whether kiwi farming is improving household economy of people living there (i.e. Boach, Jiri and Bigu) using various tools such as questionnaire, discussion, direct observation and review of literature. A total of 60 households were randomly selected for the study. Both male and female were found to be involved in kiwi cultivation. About 60 percent and 40 percent of respondents were male and female respectively. 20 percent respondent were illiterate, 38 percent people have primary level education, 17 percent were people having secondary and S.L.C. level education respectively, similarly, the respondent completing Inter were 8 percent. Kiwi was the major cash crop in the study area and the widely used variety in the study site was Monti. Agriculture is the major occupation followed by Government job, Business and others. 47 percent were involved in agriculture, 30 percent were involved in government job, 13 percent have Business and 10 percent follow other jobs like (Teaching, Driving, Abroad). Among 60 respondents 50 percent were cultivating kiwi in 1-5 ropani of land and minimum was 12 percent who cultivated kiwi in above 15 ropani area. Training related to kiwi cultivation was also given to the respondent. 47 percent respondents were trained in kiwi cultivation and 53 percent were not trained about it. Training was organized and conducted by DADO and some other organization who were concerned about agriculture. Kiwi was mostly sold to nearest local market by the farmers themselves. Kiwi cultivation was also helping farmers in economic part. The study shows that there is an improvement of household economy and livelihood by kiwi farming.

Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an integrated approach that transforms the agri-food system and mitigates climate change. They connect the use of farming techniques in order to increase food productivity, Climate resilient practice, and decrease greenhouse gases. The main aim of this review is to demonstrate the typical interrelationship between climate and agriculture and get knowledge regarding this. In addition, focus on traditional agriculture along with its mitigating measures for climate agriculture. They approach collective development practices through the efforts of individuals in order to manage agriculture and the food system under climate change. Therefore, there is an increasing need for a strategic plan to balance agriculture and the food system.

Environmental concerns together with social and ethical issues raise consumers’ interest in sustainable production and consumption practices. With rising trends of fair trade and high popularity of organic and local production in recent years, the demand for geographical indication registration has also increased by agricultural producers as a way of transmitting further information to raise reputation of their products. This research aims to assess the impact of geographical indications on export performance of Turkish agricultural products and foodstuffs. Findings reveal that geographical indications increase export revenues. Results communicate an important message to policy makers to promote the protection of geographical indications.

Environmental concerns together with social and ethical issues raise consumers’ interest in sustainable production and consumption practices. With rising trends of fair trade and high popularity of organic and local production in recent years, the demand for geographical indication registration has also increased by agricultural producers as a way of transmitting further information to raise reputation of their products. This research aims to assess the impact of geographical indications on export performance of Turkish agricultural products and foodstuffs. Findings reveal that geographical indications increase export revenues. Results communicate an important message to policy makers to promote the protection of geographical indications.

Agricultural production is one of the leading sectors in the world and in our country in terms of employment rates. Agricultural production activities, the importance of which is increasing day by day due to the increasing world population, is an important strategic element for every country. The economy of many countries, including our country, still depends on the products they obtain because of agricultural production. Appropriate agricultural policies should be implemented to increase the productivity in agricultural production, to protect the employed workforce and to ensure its continuity. In addition to establishing appropriate agricultural policies, employed workers should also be protected by laws, regulations and directives. It is a fact that most of the people employed in agricultural production in our country must work under dangerous and harsh conditions without being under legal protection, without union formation and union rights, as in other sectors. Protecting the health of agricultural production workers working under very difficult conditions due to variable climatic conditions, ensuring safe production and ensuring that the necessary Occupational Health and Safety measures are taken should be among the priority items when forming our state’s policies. In this study, the situation in the world and in our country was examined under the title of occupational health and safety in agricultural production. The hazards and risk factors to be encountered in agricultural production have been determined and the Occupational Health and Safety measures to be taken against them have been tried to be explained.

Syria is a middle-income developing country with an economy that heavily depends on the food and agricultural sectors. However, with the recent Syria crisis/war, which started in March 2011, Syria’s food and agricultural industries have badly been affected. While the most of the processing factories and agricultural facilities such as industrial zones, food plants, greenhouses, irrigation canals and pumps have been damaged in the conflict areas, this resulted in a huge recession in the food and agricultural productivity of Syria. It is estimated that this will impact the country to meet the future food requirements as well. In this study, the agricultural and food potential of Syria was analysed based on agricultural area, available lands, irrigation, food sectors etc. for the future planning food policies.

Geographical indications and designation of origins is an industrial property right describing a product originated from any region or attributable to any region due to its quality, reputation or other characteristics. Particularly, the geographical indications (GI) provide information about the raw material or final products’ geographical roots to consumers and characterize the degree of its quality. Two types of GI were defined: Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). On the other hand, the products that cannot be registered as a designation of origin or geographical indication could be registered as Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG) products specialty guaranteed if it can be proven that the product is on the traditional market for at least 30 years. The main goal of this research is to examine Turkey’s current status about labelled geographic agricultural material with a comparative statistic overview.

Greenhouse gas emissions constitute the basis of global warming. One of the sectors contributing to the greenhouse gas emissions is the agriculture sector which accounts for 24% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, the effect of cattle husbandry, small ruminant husbandry, poultry husbandry, paddy production, which are the main causes of emissions in the agriculture sector, on agricultural CO2 release was investigated. The research covers the years 1991-2017 of Turkey and China. In the study, time-series analyses such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller Breakpoint Unit Root Test, Johansen Cointegration Test, Ordinary Least Square Regression, Full Modified Ordinary Least Square, Canonical Cointegrating Regression and Impulse-Response Analysis were used. According to the results of the analysis, the effects of cattle husbandry, small ruminant husbandry, and paddy production activities on agricultural CO2 emissions were statistically significant in Turkey. We determined that the most effective variable on agricultural CO2 emissions was cattle husbandry both in the long- and short-term. On the other hand, poultry farming had no statistically significant effect on agricultural CO2 emissions. According to the results of the analysis for China, all variables were statistically significant. As a result, it is important to adopt methods that will not cause environmental damage or will have minimal impact in determination processes of effective parameters on agricultural CO2. The government should determine the boundaries of agricultural production processes through legal arrangements and the relevant ministries should implement them seriously. To take these measures and implement them are seen as a necessity for a sustainable world and a sustainable agricultural sector.