Essential oils are secondary compounds obtained from several parts of plants. They play an important role in the protection of the plants as antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, insecticides in nature. Along with the prohibition of the use of antibiotics as feed additives in a lot of countries around the world, scientists have accelerated the search for safer and more natural feed additive. In this respect, essential oils and their active components have come to the fore as an alternative feed ingredient. In this review, effects of essential oils on feed intake, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, milk yield and its composition in dairy cattle were evaluated.

Microbial contamination in food and medicine is a situation that closely concerns human health. The fact that the microorganism causing the contamination have antibiotic resistance makes it difficult to eliminate the contamination. Deficiencies such as incorrect use of antibiotics or lack of new antibiotics have caused microorganisms to acquire multiple antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is one of the microorganisms with high antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic resistance mechanisms and biofilm production ability of MRSA has made it more resistant to the environment. In this study, disc diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial activities of Heracleum platytaenium and Lavandula spp. essential oils against MRSA, and the results were compared with commercial antibiotics. In addition, the effect of H. platytaenium and Lavandula spp. essential oils on the biofilm produced by MRSA was also investigated. In this study, it was determined that H. platytaenium and Lavandula spp. essential oils have antimicrobial activity against MRSA. It was found that H. platytaenium and Lavandula spp. essential oils have antibiofilm activity against MRSA. H. platytaenium and Lavandula spp essential oils can be alternative natural sources compared to commercial antibiotics in controlling infections from MRSA.

Taninler, alkaloidler, terpenoidler ve fenolik bileşikler gibi esansiyel yağlardaki farklı fitokimyasalbileşenlerin mevcudiyeti anti-bakteriyel, anti-fungal ve anti-inflamatuar etkiler göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı üç bitkiye ait esansiyel yağın (Thymus vulgaris L., Centaurium erythraea Rafn. ve Foeniculum vulgare Mill) major bileşiklerinin balık hastalıkları ile mücadeledeki rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Ticari bir firmadan temin edilen esansiyel yağlara ait bileşenler GC/MS analizleriyle belirlendi. T. vulgaris’in en önemli bileşeni phenol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) olarak adlandırılan karvakroldü (%40). Diğerleri ise linalool L (%15,11) ve benzene, methyl(1-methylethyl)- (%12,12) olarak belirlendi. C. erythraea’nın en zengin esansiyel yağı %34,90 ilebicyclo [3.1.1] hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (ñ)- diğer adıyla alfa-pinendi. Diğerleri sırasıyla heptacosane (%19,15) ve dotriacontane (%17,72) olarak bulundu. F. vulgare esansiyel yağı değerlendirildiğinde ise benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)- (eş anlamlısı Cis-Anethol) %67,99 en önemli bileşen olarak bulundu, onu dl-Limonene (%16,03) ve benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (%6,97) izledi. Kekiğin terapötik etkisi yüksek fenolik içeriğinden dolayıdır (özellikle karvakrol). F. vulgare esansyel yağındaki en önemli bileşenler antibakteriyel, antioksidan, antifungal ve antikanser etkileri olan anethole, fenchone ve limonene’ dir. Önceki çalışmalar gösteriyor ki alfa-pinene birçok patojenik gram negatif bakteri üzerinde inhibe edici etkiler göstermektedir. Bizim araştırmamızda bahsi geçen esansiyel yağların dominant bileşenleri, balık yetiştiriciliği ile ilgili hem in viv hemde in vitro önceki bulgularla uyumluluk arz etmektedir.