Tillage machines such as plow, cultivator, rotavator, and rototiller are widely used for this purpose. However, one of the major problems in working with tillage machines is the wear of active parts over time. Abrasion occurs differently in active parts of tillage machines and can cause the machines used to lose the functionality expected of them. It is preferred to cover the active parts with wear-resistant coating materials to reduce the level of wear to meet both agro technical demands and high tillage efficiency. The way of wear the active parts of the machines; it is abrasive wear caused by friction against solid materials in the soil (clods, stones, harder materials, etc.) and/or adhesive wear caused by soil moisture. Reducing the wear on the active parts with the coating process to be made will both prevent material loss caused by abrasion in the active part and increase the efficiency/effectiveness of the machine. Because of the limited number of studies on this subject in the agricultural sector shows that the subject is open to improvement. In this study, the use of new coating methods used in other production sectors (especially in mold manufacturing) for the last decade in coating the active parts of soil tillage machines and their effects on product performance and life by increasing wear resistance are compiled. Coating methods that can be adapted to the agricultural sector can be listed as; Gas Phase, Liquid Phase and Melted/Semi-Melted Phase. Among these, studies on Plasma Thermal Spraying (Molten / Semi-Molten Phase Coating Methods) and thin film coating (Vapor Phase Coating Methods) are prominent. On the other hand, it is predicted that the desired wear resistance can be further improved by applying different coating methods and combinations.

Use of sewage sludge in agriculture is an alternative disposal technique for this waste. Accordingly, the effects of using the sludge obtained from Sivas Waste Water Treatment Plant in different doses (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% (w/w) and chemical fertilization) on the yield and nutrient concentration of tomato plants were investigated. The study was carried out with three replications according to the experimental pattern of randomized plots in the plastic pots with the capacity of 3 kg under the greenhouse conditions of Plant and Animal Production Department of Sivas Cumhuriyet University. It has been determined that the weight of the plants roots, stems and green components dry matter increases due to the increasing sewage sludge application and the highest efficiency is in the sewage sludge application of 5%. In addition, it has been determined that the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which are among the macro nutrients, tend to increase depending on the increasing dose of the sewage sludge. The concentrations of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) which are among the micro nutrients, increased with the increasing amount of sludge. In this context, it is thought that the sludge can be used in plant breeding, provided that it falls within the boundaries of the legal legislation.

Organic production is mostly appeared in the field of plant production and it has become increasingly widespread. But, organic livestock production process has begun depending on trends of want to consumption of high safe animal products of consumers as like in plant products in developed countries, increasing of environmental consciousness and sensitivity to animal rights. Central Anatolia Region is an important region for the organic livestock production, in terms of being one of the most polluted regions due to intensive agriculture and industry, having number of animals and grasslands. The aim of this study is determining the potential of organic sheep breeding and presenting a general view with investigating the general situation and changing by year plant and livestock production of Central Anatolia Region.

Enterococcus species with lipolytic and proteolytic properties can pass directly from animal faeces or indirectly from contaminated water, equipment or storage tanks into milk. The present study focused on isolation and identification of Enterococcus species and to determine the microbiological characteristics of traditionally produced civil cheese. TMAB, Coliform, Enterococus and yeast-mold counts of 40 civil cheese samples made by traditional method were determined. In addition, Enterococus species was isolated and identified with Vitek2 compact system. total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts were 8.22 log cfu/g; the number of the number of Enterococci were 5.77 log cfu/g, Coliform bacteria count were of 4.18 log cfu/ g and the number of yeast and mould were 6.35 log cfu/g. It was determined that the isolated 75 Enterococcus strains consisted of 33 Enterococcus faecalis, 23 Enterococcus durans, 12 Enterococcus faecium and 6 Enterococcus gallinarum and 1 Enterococcus avium. As a result, because of the production of fresh civil cheese under unhygienic conditions, its microbiological quality is low. This situation poses a potential health hazard to consumers.

The aim of this study was to determine effects of different dietary rosemary essential oil levels on growth performance, carcass traits and haematological values of breeder chukar partridge. Eighty (60 females and 20 males), 32-week-old breeder chukar partridge were randomly divided in five treatments, with four replicate pens with 4 birds each. Five experimental diets were formulated according to rosemary essential oil inclusion rates 0 mg/kg, 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg, 72 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The chukar partridges had free access to ad libitum feed and water. At the end of the trial, 1 male and 1 female partridge were slaughtered for blood analysis. The obtained results showed that there was no significant difference in feed intake, body weight gain between the control and treatment groups. Dietary rosemary essential oil supplementation did not affect blood serum glucose, urea, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C levels in breeder Chukar partridges. It could be concluded that supplementing rosemary essential oil into Chukar partridges diet show no negative effect on growth performance.

In this study, the change of farmer behaviour, which is thought to change slowly, over a 30 period, was evaluated in terms of information sources. In the study, the change in farmer attitudes with a longitudinal approach was designed in a process, and the data obtained from the same farmers and the same questionnaire forms were changed over time. A survey conducted in 1989 was repeated in the same region, in the same survey forms and in the same sample group (66 farmers) in 2019. In the analysis phase of the data obtained from the surveys, Multiple Compliance Analysis Technique was used. In the Polatlı District of Ankara Province, the long-term approach of 66 farmers, especially the changes in information sources and the non-logging habits of their businesses, has been determined with a longitudinal approach. The research results revealed that urban people have become close to rural areas and agriculture, and that their farmers have become close to district and provincial centres. As in all economic activities, research results support that the same jobs in agriculture for the long time do not have the opportunity to do the same and to be content with the knowledge left from the ancestor. This result is the most concrete indication that knowledge-based agriculture has become inevitable in every respect.

The aim of this study is to screen the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) carrying rye translocation for the semi-dwarf (Rht), photoperiod (Ppd) and vernalization (Vrn) genes. Recombinant inbred lines were obtained by hybridization of bread wheat varieties Tosunbey and Tahirova-2000. Only the lines carrying 1BL.1RS rye translocation from population were used in the study. Parents and all of RILs were found to have Rht-B1a, which is a semi-dwarf allele, and Ppd-D1a allele, which is not susceptible to photoperiod. The vernalization alleles (Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1) in the lines were also determined. It was determined that both parents and all the RILs had vrn-A1 allele, and not Vrn-A1c allele. It was determined that 151 of RILs contained vrn-B1 allele and 154 of them contained Vrn-B1 allele, while 131 of RILs had vrn-D1 allele and 174 of them had Vrn-D1 allele. In addition, molecular screening were carried out for waxy alleles (Wx-A1, Wx-B1 and Wx-D1) which were effective on flour swelling, water holding capacity and shelf life of bread wheat. As a result of the molecular data it was found that 141 of RILs carry all three alleles and named as “normal amylose wheat” and 164 of them had only Wx-A1 and Wx-D1 alleles, as known “low amylose wheat”. The results indicated that the population used in the research could be the subject of some researches, especially drought tolerance, and RILs could be used to develop genetic material carrying rye translocation for wheat breeding programs.

Kohlrabi, which has increased production in our country in recent years, is a vegetable with high water consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different irrigation levels on plant and tuber growth and determine the appropriate irrigation level. In this study, vegetative growth and some tuber quality parameters of two different kohlrabi cultivars (Korist F1, Kolibri F1) at 4 different irrigation levels (I100 I75, I50, I25) were investigated. The experiment was carried out in unheated greenhouse as a pot experiment in April-June with three replicates and 10 plants per replicate. At the end of the experiment; number of leaves, leaf width (mm), leaf length (mm), tuber diameter (cm), tuber height (cm), tuber weight (g), tuber pH, total soluble solid content of the tuber and chlorophyll index were measured. The growth curves of the tubers were drawn and potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na) contents of the tubers were determined. In Kolibri F1, the highest tuber weight was obtained from the I75 irrigated plants with an average of 369.59 g. In Korist F1, the highest tuber weight was obtained from I100 applied plants with an average of 362.25 g. Especially in terms of tuber development, I100 has provided better results in water deficiency application. However, according to the results of the analysis, there was no statistically significant difference between I100 and I75 irrigation levels. It was determined that I75 irrigation level could be applied for kohlrabi cultivars in April-June cultivation period in Antalya conditions.

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of gibberillic acid (GA3) applications on drop and quality changes of fruits on-tree storage period. GA3 (before peel color break, on the peel color break and both periods) and 20 ppm GA3 (before peel color break and on the peel color break) were applied to the trees, and the untreated trees constituted the control group. Fruits were harvested in five periods at monthly intervals from april. In the last harvest period, the average fruit drop rate was significantly higher in the control group (38.48%) than in the color transformation 10 ppm GA3 (9.44%) and before color transformation 20 ppm GA3 (19.28%). The fruit drop was not observed in the first and second harvest periods. Especially in the first period on-tree storage, the shell C* and h° values of the fruits in control were found higher than the GA3 application. As a result, twice application of 10 ppm GA3 in 'Valencia Late' orange reduced pre-harvest fruit drop, delayed peel color transformation and limited fruit quality change. Accordingly, it has been revealed that it allows on-tree storability until the end of august.