Bu çalışma yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına farklı seviyelerde kaplamalı sodyum bütirat ilavesinin performans, yumurta kalitesi ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, 60 haftalık yaşta, toplam 72 adet yumurta tavuğu, 56 gün süreyle, kontrol ve sodyum bütiratın farklı seviyelerinin ilavesiyle (300, 600 ve 1200 mg/kg) oluşturulan rasyonlarla beslenmişlerdir. Çalışma 6 tekerrürlü olarak, 4 muamele grubunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonucunda muamele gruplarının, canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yem tüketimi, yem değerlendirme katsayısı, yumurta ağırlığı ve yumurta kitlesi üzerine etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına sodyum bütirat ilavesi, yumurta kabuk kırılma direnci, yumurta kabuk oranı ve kabuk kalınlığı, yumurta şekil indeksi, ak ve sarı indeksi, hasarlı yumurta oranı ile L*, a* ve b* yumurta sarısı renk kriterleri üzerine etkisi önemsiz olmuştur. Serum parametrelerinden kolesterol, HDL, albümin, Ca ve P düzeyleri bakımından muamele grupları arasında önemli bir fark olmaz iken serum globulin, total protein ve ürik asit seviyeleri bakımından görülen farklılıklar önemli olmuştur. Deneme sonuçlarına göre, 60 haftalık yaştaki yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde rasyona sodyum bütiratın ilavesine gerek olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Marinated anchovies produced in a fish processing plant in Samsun province (with 3% garlic and 3% hot pepper sauce) were filled in plastic jars and vacuum packed. Physical, chemical and microbiological analyses of the samples were performed to determine the effects of garlic and hot pepper sauce on the shelf life of marinated anchovies. Total viable bacteria count (TVB), lactic acid bacteria count (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae count, biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, tryptamine), pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid (TBA) analysis were performed during 7 months of storage at 4°C. Comparing the control group with garlic added and hot pepper sauce added samples, garlic addition reduced the microbial growth and provided that the samples retained their physicochemical properties (TBA, TVB-N) for a longer period time. The amounts of biogenic amines were determined less in garlic added samples.

This study was aimed to determine the responses of some sunflower hybrids to drought and low temperature stresses during germination and seedling development period. Sunflower hybrids of Sanbro MR, 63LE113, 64LL62 and Meteor were used in the study. Germination percentage, mean germination time, root and shoot length, root / shoot ratio, seedling fresh and dry weight of the sunflower hybrids were investigated at two temperatures (low 15°C and optimum 25°C) and drought stresses (distilled water, -1.5, -3.0, -4.5 and -6.0 bar) induced by polyethylene glycol 6000. The results of the research showed that there were significant differences among the sunflower hybrids in terms of the investigated characteristics. Increased drought stresses led to decreasing germination percentage, root and shoot length, seedling fresh weight, but caused a prolonged germination time and increased seedling dry weight. No significant change was observed in the germination and seedling development of the sunflower up to drought of -3,0 bar. The root / shoot ratio of sunflower hybrids increased at 15°C. The Sanbro MR had the fastest and highest germination along with the highest seedling fresh and dry weight at low temperature and higher drought stresses. It was concluded that sunflower hybrid Sanbro MR gave better performance under drought and low temperature conditions than the other hybrids.

2018 yılı verilerine göre Çanakkale ili Türkiye kanola üretiminde %7,5’lik pay ile 5. sırada yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, araştırma alanı olarak belirlenen Çanakkale ilinde, 2018 yılında kanola üreten ve Tam Sayım Yöntemine göre tespit edilen 83 işletmeden elde edilen veriler yardımıyla, kanola üretiminde kullanılan girdilerin miktar ve parasal değer bakımından işletme büyüklük grupları arasında farklılık olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre; birim alana kullanılan girdilerin bedelleri arasında sadece ilaç girdisinin işletme büyüklük gruplarına göre %5 düzeyinde, birim alana kullanılan girdi miktarı dikkate alındığında sadece makine işgücü isteği değerinin işletme büyüklük grupları arasında %5 düzeyinde istatistiki yönden farklılık gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları incelenen işletmelerde girdi kullanımı açısından, işletme grupları arasında istatistiki yönden önemli bir fark bulunmadığını, bu durumun da kanola üretim teknolojisindeki benzerlik yanında büyük işletmelerin ölçek ekonomisinin pozitif yönlerinden faydalanamadığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle orta ve uzun vadede genelde tarımsal üretimde özelde ise kanola üretiminde işletmelerin üretim düzeyleri dikkate alınarak farklı araçlarla ve değişik yöntemlerle desteklenmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

In this study, the responses of 20 different bean genotypes (13 pole and 7 dwarf) to salt (NaCl) stress at 0 mM, 25 mM and 50 mM were investigated. Salt application was performed together with irrigation water in the same time every day during 4 days. In the study, which was prepared according to randomized plot design with 3 replications, the plants were grown in the pots containing peat-perlite in a ratio of 2:1 under climatic conditions of 23±2°C. Root dry matter, root fresh and dry weight and some nutrient contents (Phosphorus-P, Copper-Cu, Zinc-Zn, Manganese-Mn, Iron-Fe and Magnesium-Mg) were investigated in order to determine salinity tolerance in bean genotypes. The data obtained from the study revealed that salt stress responds differently in both genotypes and applications. When the average of applications of 25 mM and 50 mM salt stress was examined, it was found that while root fresh and dry weight, root dry matter (%) and Fe content increased compared to control group, Mn and P content decreased. Among the genotypes exposed to salt stress, while four genotypes [two pole (numbered as 13 and 19) and two dwarf (numbered as 8 and 11)] were determined to be tolerant to salt, 3 genotypes [one pole (numbered as 14) and two dwarf (numbered as 18 and 20)] were evaluated as sensitive.

Antifreeze proteins are those proteins that have ability to protect the organism against environmental conditions at temperatures below zero, and to resize the shape and size of ice crystals. Due to these properties, they prevent food from sensory, structural and mechanical damages during the storage in cold and they extend the product shelf life. In this review, the types and structure of antifreeze proteins, their mechanism of action and the possibilities of use in food are presented.

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of adding different levels (0, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg) of orange peel oil to the laying quail diets on performance, eggshell quality and some serum parameters. During the experiment, a total of 120 female Japanese quails at the age of 20 weeks were randomly distributed to 6 treatment groups with 4 replicates, each with 5 quail, for six weeks. The supplementation of different levels orange peel oil to the diets did not affect the performance and eggshell quality parameters, except for eggshell thickness. Eggshell thickness was significantly reduced with the addition of orange peel oil to the diet, and this decrease was more pronounced at the level of 200 mg / kg. Serum glucose, creatinine, albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT and AST concentrations were not affected by orange peel oil. Serum cholesterol concentration considerably declined with the supplementation of 400 mg / kg orange peel oil to the diet. Serum calcium level significantly improved with the addition of 100 and 200 mg / kg orange peel oil to the diet compared to the control group. Additionally, serum phosphorus concentration was considerably increased by 100 mg / kg and more levels orange peel oil. According to these results, it is possible to say that the orange essential oil has the effect of reducing cholesterol at 400 mg / kg and improving mineral metabolism at 100 mg / kg, but this positive effect could not prevent the decrease in eggshell thickness.

In this study, various extracts of Hypericum perforatum L. were investigated in terms of their extraction yields. For this purpose, five solvent systems including 70%EtOH-30% H2O (A), 50%EtOH-50% H2O (B), 30%EtOH-70% H2O (C), 100% EtOH (D), and 100% H2O (E) were used. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for extraction and extraction processes were performed at different temperatures (30°-70oC) and extraction times (30-70 min.). The optimum extraction conditions for H. perforatum was determined based on extraction yield, total phenolic contents, and DPPH radical scavenging activities of the crude extracts, as well. The best ultrasound extraction conditions are achieved in the presence of 70%EtOH-30% H2O solvent system, for 40 min, at 30°C for H. perforatum.

Dams are important sources particularly for energy production as well as drinking and irrigation water. In this study, dissolved metal concentrations in Değirmendere Dam water in Amasya province were determined by ICP-MS and the data were evaluated in terms of drinking/irrigation water. Mean value of each metal in samples collected from 5 different points of the reservoir is presented in µg L as follows; Ca (50943)> Mg (42212)> Na (31637)> K (3725)> Al (63.68)> Fe (43.30)> Zn (30.78)> Cu (5.79)> Mn (4.59)> Ni (2.97)> Cr (1.18)> Pb (1.14)> As (1.04)> Cd (0.69). These results did not exceed the drinking water limit values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Turkish Standards (TS 266). Water quality index (WQI), heavy metal pollution index (HPI) and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) values were calculated as 16.63-17.54-1.00, respectively. In terms of hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR), the water quality of the reservoir is not potentially dangerous for adults/children. Dam water is convenient for irrigation based on sodium absorption rate (SAR = 0.78) and sodium percentage (Na = 19.56%). However, magnesium hazard (MH = 57.70) value is above the limit value of 50 with reference to irrigation water.