Lavandula angustifolia Mill. olarak adlandırılan Lavender, ilaç, kozmetik vb sanayi gibi farklı endüstri kollarında kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, lavantada farklı hasat saatlerinin verim, uçucu yağ ve uçucu yağ verimine etkilerini belirlemektir. Çalışma, tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde üç tekrarlamalı olarak Karaisalı/Adana ekolojik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Çiçekli lavender bitkileri beş farklı zamanda saat sabah 8’de başlayarak iki saat aralıklarla hasat edilmiştir. Araştırmada 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında taze herba verimi, kuru herba verimi, drog çiçek verimi, uçucu yağ oranı ve uçucu yağ verimleri incelenmiştir. Hem drog çiçek verimi hem de uçucu yağ verimi bakımından benzer şekilde en yüksek ortalamalar sabah 8’de yapılan, en düşük ortalamalarda saat 14’de yapılan hasattan elde edilmiştir. İki yıllık araştırma sonuçlarına göre yüksek miktarda drog çiçek ve uçucu yağ verimleri elde etmek için sabahın erken saatlerinde hasadın yapılmasının uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.

All feeds used in animal nutrition are classified in various ways, including raw, semi-processed and processed, depending on the additives they contain. Animal feed input, which is generally classified as coarse and mixed feed, constitutes about 30-40% of the total production costs in cattle farms. Therefore, supply-demand elasticity of feed input, input-product price relations and exchange rate changes directly affect the costs, profits and thus sustainability of farms. Additionally, it is necessary to know how the two important activities of the agricultural sector, forage crops production and animal husbandry, affect each other and, if necessary, regulatory measures should be taken. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of cost changes in forage crops production on animal product market. The main data of the study consisted of the time series data of the period 1995-2017 and cross-sectional data obtained from the 107 agricultural farms determined by random sampling method in face-to-face survey method in 2017-2018 production period. Partial equilibrium model used in the study. In the model, diesel and fertilizer prices, which are the most important cost elements in forage crops production; barley, maize and sunflower prices have a statistically significant and positive effect. Partial equilibrium model was used to reveal the effect of cost change in forage crops production on animal product market. Partial balance model results, increasing barley, maize and sunflower prices increase feed prices. Forage crops costs are the highest cost item after purchase of live animal material.

Bu araştırma, farklı silajlık mısır çeşitlerinin verim ve bazı özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla 2018 yılında Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Eğitim, Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliği’nde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak 6 silajlık mısır çeşidi (DKC721, Hido, Kilowat, Kolosseus, LG30709 ve PNR31143) kullanılmıştır. Denemeler, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada yeşil ot verimi, bitki boyu, sap, yaprak ve koçan oranları, yaprak sayısı, koçan uzunluğu ve koçan çapı değerleri belirlenmiştir. Varyans analiz sonuçlarına göre çeşitler arasında yeşil ot verimi, bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, koçan boyu ve koçan çapı değerleri bakımından %1 düzeyinde, koçan oranı bakımından ise %5 düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar bulunurken, sap ve yaprak oranları açısından çeşitler arasında gözlemlenen farklılıkların istatistiksel olarak önemsiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından, yeşil ot verimi 8624,9-10681,0 kg/da, bitki boyu 234,3-294,3 cm, yaprak sayısı 13,0-15,2 adet/bitki, koçan uzunluğu 20,7-26,0 cm ve koçan çapı 46,5-55,6 mm arasında değişmiştir. Özellikle verim ve sap, yaprak ve koçan oranları açısından Hido çeşidi öne çıkarken bunu Kolosseus ve LG30709 çeşitlerinin takip ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. DKC721 çeşidinin ise incelenen özellikler bakımından geride kaldığı söylenebilir.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different doses and combinations of benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Putrescine elicitor on some plant characteristics of summer snowflake (Leucojum aestivum L.). The experiment was conducted for two years between 2017-2019 in the greenhouse of Uşak University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences. Bulbs with ~7 cm circumference and ~9 g weight were used as a material of this study, and was constructed with randomized blocks design with 3 replications. The bulbs were treated for 24 hours before planting with 5, 10 and 15 mg/l BAP; 5, 10 and 15 mg/l Putrescine elicitor in different combinations (16 different combinations). Thereafter, all bulbs were planted in crates. In the first year, only plant height, number of leaves per bulb were recorded and at the end of the second year, the plant height, number of leaves per bulb, number of leaves per daughter bulb, number of bulbs, leaf weight, root length and weight, bulb weight, unit bulb weight, alkaloid contents were measured after removal of bulbs from the soil. According to the results, plant height ranged 19,3-30,0 cm; the number of leaves ranged 6.5 to 12.6, and the number of bulbs ranged 0.9 to 4.6. Root weight was determined between 13.4-47.1 g/parcel, fresh leaf weight ranged 12.4-49.2 g/parcel, and one bulb weight was between 3.5-14.6 g. It was determined that the bulb plant was influenced by different treatments. The maximum growth was noted with 5 mg/l Putrescine elicitor treatment that increased plant height, number of leaves per bulb each year and number of bulbs.

During the growing seasons between 2009 and 2010, totally 213 shoot and leaf samples were collected from the vineyards in Manisa, Denizli, Nevşehir, Elazığ, İzmir, Ankara, Çanakkale, Tekirdağ, Edirne and Kırklareli, which are commercially important viticulture production areas of Turkey. All grapevine samples were serologically investigated for the presence of Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs) using GLRaV-1, GLRaV-2, GLRaV-3, GLRaV 4-9, GLRaV-6 and GLRaV-7 DAS-ELISA kits. In 143 of total, (67.14%) single or multiple infections were detected. GLRaV4-9, -7, -3, -1, -2 and -6 were detected as 53.52%, 36.15%, 34.74%, 32. 86%, 32.39% and 3.28%, respectively in the surveyed area. Eastern Anatolia Region had the highest infection rate (100%), followed by Marmara, Aegean, and Central Anatolia Region (69.74%, 75%, 62% and 26.47%, respectively). While the highest infection rates were obtained in Marmara Region for GLRaV-1, -2 and -3 as 43.42%, 44.74% and 50% respectively, GLRaV4-9 found as 100% in Eastern Anatolia Region. The highest infection rate was detected in Marmara Region for GLRaV-6 as 3.95%. The most common multiple infection was determined as GLRaV-1, -2, -3, 4-9 and -7 with the rate of 36.17%.

Çalışmada ülkemizde en çok yetiştirilen sebzeler arasında yer alan domates bitkisi araştırmanın konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Domates üretiminde Çukurova yöresi son yıllarda giderek artan bir üretim potansiyeline sahiptir. Dolayısıyla çalışma alanı olarak Çukurova yöresi seçilmiştir. Çalışmada araştırma alanındaki illere ait uzun yıllık sıcaklık ve yağış değerleri çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada Büyüme Derece-Gün (BDG) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Domates bitkisinin gelişim evreleri için denge sıcaklıkları seçilmiş, gelişim dönemlerindeki denge sıcaklık değerlerine göre BDG değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan bu değerler irdelenerek araştırma alanındaki illerin yetiştiricilik açısından uygunluğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda Mersin ilinin ön plana çıktığı kanısına varılmıştır. Bitkisel üretim alanlarının önceden belirlenmesi ve bu alanlara göre üretim yapılması verimi olumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Dolayısıyla üreticinin gelirinin artması ülke ekonomisine de olumlu yönde katkı sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca, domates bitkisinin gelişim evreleri için seçilen temel sıcaklık değerlerine göre çoklu doğrusal olmayan regresyon denklemleri geliştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, geliştirilen bu denklemler kullanılarak domates bitkisinin BDG değerlerini etkileyen değişkenler sayesinde domatesin gelişimi hakkında önceden bilgi sahibi olunacağı kanısına varılmıştır.

Genetic diversity assessment is the principle component for conservation and characterization of germplasm. Genetic diversity study of Afghan bread wheat genotypes is a first step to identify and to select high performance genotypes and distribute to wheat breeding programs. The main objective of this study is to investigate of genetic diversity in 35 Afghan bread wheat genotypes by using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. DNA extraction according to Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method was conducted and the total genomic DNA was isolated from each variety. Sixty-four SSR primer markers were used and eighteen EcoRI+(N)/MseI+(N) primer combinations with their primer sequences were used for selective polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Every SSR and AFLP fragment was scored as present (1) or absent (0) within all genotypes under study. Marker/ Value ratio of pairwise genetic distance between genotypes according to the SSRs data was from 0.508 to 0.691 with an average distance of 0.599. Relatively different grouping pattern in comparison to AFLP data observed through cluster analysis. Both types of molecular markers (AFLP and SSR) used in this research proved to be suitable for investigating genetic diversity in the genotypes of Afghan bread wheat, however, AFLP markers gave better view of genetically relationships among genotypes than the SSR markers. The grouping generated by AFLP data showed a special agreement with the origin regions of genotypes (Ariana-07 and Mazar-99 originating from the north of Afghanistan, Lalmi-03 and Kabul-02. Large number of DNA bands identified with AFLP markers might provide a better estimation of genetic similarity than those of SSR markers.

The study was aimed to determine the anionic detergent pollution level and some physico-chemical parameters (pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved substance, conductivity, temperature, phosphate, oxidation reduction potential) seasonally in Sarıkum Lake, which is located in Sinop province between November 2016 and July 2017. According to one-year measurement data, the highest of anionic detergent concentration was 0.056 mg / L and the lowest value was 0.021 mg / L. The classification of the results was made in accordance with the Water Pollution Control Regulation (2008) and Surface Water Quality Regulation (2016). In the study, Water quality is equivalent to Class I (high quality) in terms of anionic detergent, pH and temperature values but are equivalent to Class II (a bit dirty) and III (dirty) in point of dissolved oxygen, total dissolved matter and phosphate phosphorus values. In addition, it is equivalent to Class IV (very dirty) with regard to conductivity value. Detergent pollution coming from the settlements of Sarıkum Lake is observed to be low in contrast to expectations, while the high phosphorus value shows that the ecosystem living in the lake is exposed to agricultural pollution especially in terms of environmental resources.

Due to their widespread use in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries, medicinal and aromatic plants have gained importance with an increasing number of studies being conducted concerning the yield and quality characteristics of these plants. In breeding studies, selection is successful when there a correlation is established between the essential oil content, composition, and morphological and agronomic characteristics. The aim of this study was to address the correlation between the yield and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants to present a different perspective for breeding studies. Therefore, in this study, the relationship among the characteristics and the essential oil content of Izmir oregano (Origanum onites L.) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) plants were investigated, and correlation and path analyses were performed. There was a significant negative correlation between the essential oil content and fresh herb (-0.279*), dry herb (-0.281*), and dry stem yield (-0.283*) of Izmir oregano. However, no significant correlation was found between the essential oil content and these agronomic characteristics in lemon balm. Fresh herb yield had a significant positive correlation with dry herb (0.661**), dry leaf (0.690**), and dry stem yield (0.610**). Dry herb yield was significantly and positively correlated with dry leaf (0.510*) and dry stem (0.461*) yields. A significant positive correlation was also observed between dry leaf and dry stem (0.688**) yields. According to the results of the path analysis, while the maximum negative effect on the essential oil content of Izmir oregano was provided by dry herb (-48.05%) yield, the highest direct positive effect belonged to dry leaf (21.69%) and dry stem (15.13%) yields. Dry leaf yield (-51.61%) and plant height (-45.71%) were the parameters that had the highest direct negative effect on the essential oil content of lemon balm while fresh herb (33.50%) and dry herb (30.27%) yields were the source of the highest direct positive effect.

Bu çalışmada Keban Baraj Gölü'nde ağ kafeslerde yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalığının kan protein düzeylerinin aylık değişimi incelendi. Bir yıl boyunca gökkuşağı alabalıklarından aynı yaş gurubundan her ay 10 örnek alınarak toplam boy ve canlı ağırlıkları ölçüldü. Kaudal venadan alınan kan örneklerinin serumu çıkarılarak; total protein, albumin, globulin ve fibrinojen miktarları belirlendi. İncelenen kan protein düzeylerinden; total protein (TP) 4,52 g/dl, albumin 2,37 g/dl, globulin 2,15 g/dl olarak yıl içerisinde en yüksek Mart ayında bulunmuştur. Fibrinojen ise en yüksek Ocak ayında (198,74 mg/dl) bulunmuştur. Toplam protein, albumin ve globulin düzeyleri en düşük kış aylarında bulunurken fibrinojen yaz aylarında en düşük miktarda bulunmuştur. İstatistiki analiz sonuçlarına göre tüm ölçümlerin aylık değişimleri önemli bulunmuştur. Albumin, globulin, fibrinojen değerleri ile toplam boy ve canlı ağırlık ve değerleri arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur ve bu değerlerin aylık değişimleri önemli bulunmuştur.