Malaria vector mosquitoes belong to the genus Anopheles Meigen. The Amazon has been changing due to economic activities such as mining, logging, agriculture, and urbanization, leading to changes in malaria transmission patterns in this region. Therefore, this study aimed to survey Anopheles species in a peri-urban area of Macapá, state of Amapá, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Human landing catches (HLC) and Shannon light traps were used to collect Anopheles adults at three points. We screened breeding sites in all accessible water reservoirs within a 2 km radius of each collection point to collect immatures and found two species: Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis s.l. Lynch-Arribalzága (35.7%) and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) braziliensis (Chagas) (64.3%). A total of 267 winged specimens of Anopheles were collected: A. (N.) braziliensis (62.9%), Anopheles (Anopheles) mattogrossensis Lutz & Neiva (11.6%), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) triannulatus s.l. (Neiva & Pinto) (11.6%), A. (N.) albitarsis s.l. Lynch-Arribálzaga (6.7%), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi Root (5.2%), Anopheles (Anopheles) peryassui Dyar & Knab (1.5%), and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari Galbadón (0.4%). Considering that Macapá has autochthonous malaria cases, our findings can contribute to developing public health measures in this municipality, therefore helping to protect its habitants.

Three specimens of Anopheles darlingi Root were found in the Volta Grande environmental reserve, an area influenced by the Rio Grande dam constructed by the Volta Grande hydroelectric plant in Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mosquito An. darlingi is one of the main vectors of human malaria in Brazil due to feeding preference for human blood, a factor that is accentuated by endophilic behavior. The information recorded here may be helpful to local entomological surveillance toward monitoring impacts generated by hydroelectric reservoir formation, as the presence of this vector in this type of environment indicates a potential risk for malaria transmission.Primeiro registro de Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera, Culicidae) na região do Reservatório de Volta Grande, Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brasil Resumo. Três espécimes de Anopheles darlingi Root foram encontrados na reserva ambiental Volta Grande, na área de influência da barragem do Rio Grande construída pela usina hidrelétrica de Volta Grande, em Conceição das Alagoas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. O mosquito An. darlingi é um dos principais vetores da malária humana no Brasil, devido à sua preferência alimentar por sangue humano, um fator que é acentuado pelo comportamento endofílico da espécie. O presente relato poderá ser útil à vigilância entomológica local para monitoramento dos impactos gerados pela formação do reservatório hidrelétrico, uma vez que a presença deste vetor neste tipo de ambiente indica um risco potencial de transmissão da malária.

The Neotropical region has the highest diversity of species, but despite this diversity, this region presents many sampling gaps. The objective of this study was to study the diversity of the mosquitoes of family Culicidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha) as well as to identify the mosquito vectors, in a fragment of Amazon Cerrado in Macapá, Amapá. Three collection methods (Shannon trap, CDC and active collection) were used, and the samples were collected between January to December 2006. 21 species were identified; 11 of them being vectors of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, Zika, chikungunya and filariasis; and three of them, Toxorhynchites h. haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius), Wyeomyia melanocephala Dyar & Knab and Wyeomyia aporonoma Dyar & Knab were recorded for the first time from Amapá. The present study contributes to the diversity of mosquitoes (Culicidae) that can be used in additional mapping studies to mitigate epidemic outbreaks in the state of Amapá.

The order Diptera is constituted of insects that possess numerous varieties of habitats, these winged, commonly called mosquitoes, comprise a monophyletic group. Malaria transmitters in Brazil are represented by mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus, being it principal vector species Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi Root. Collectings were accomplished in the rural area of Cuiabá in the region of Coxipó do Ouro/MT, and a total 4,773 adult mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles were obtained. The prevailing species in the collectings where An. (Nys.) darlingi with 3,905 (81.8%), considered the vector of major epidemiological expression in the region, followed by Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) argyritarsis (Robineau-Desvoidy) 267 (5.6%) and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) triannulatus (Neiva & Pinto) 226 (4.7%). This report might be useful to entomological surveillance, demonstrating that the Coxipó do Ouro/MT locality might be elected as an area to be monitored, once the presence of such vector in this type of environment indicates a potential malaria transmission risk for the neighbouring regions in the state of Mato Grosso.