The Brazilian legal Amazon occupies approximately 61% of its territory, covering a large part of Brazil's biodiversity. This large territorial dimension generates huge gaps in the animal diversity understanding, for example, the poor knowledge regarding the Odonata order. Worldwide, Odonata has almost 6,500 described species, with approximately 1,800 being recorded for the Neotropical region. Data on the Odonata order in the legal Amazon is still scarce, mainly due to its particularities, and little is known about the diversity of dragonflies in some of Brazilian states. Thus, the objective of this study is to present a list of species occurring in the states that make up the Brazilian legal Amazon. The list was made from the analysis of approximately 165 scientific papers, in addition to occurrence records contained in the SiBBr and GBIF databases. 641 species were found, which is equivalent to approximately 69% of the odonatofauna in Brazil. The states with the greatest diversity were Amazonas (n=364), Pará (n=310) and Mato Grosso (n=285). The study also indicated a low level of knowledge of the Odonata order in the states of Tocantins and Maranhão, in addition to the area of ​​the Guianas shields, especially in the states of Amapá and Roraima. Carrying out new inventories and building catalogs is essential for understanding the biodiversity in this region, especially in areas with greater need.

Malaria vector mosquitoes belong to the genus Anopheles Meigen. The Amazon has been changing due to economic activities such as mining, logging, agriculture, and urbanization, leading to changes in malaria transmission patterns in this region. Therefore, this study aimed to survey Anopheles species in a peri-urban area of Macapá, state of Amapá, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. Human landing catches (HLC) and Shannon light traps were used to collect Anopheles adults at three points. We screened breeding sites in all accessible water reservoirs within a 2 km radius of each collection point to collect immatures and found two species: Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis s.l. Lynch-Arribalzága (35.7%) and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) braziliensis (Chagas) (64.3%). A total of 267 winged specimens of Anopheles were collected: A. (N.) braziliensis (62.9%), Anopheles (Anopheles) mattogrossensis Lutz & Neiva (11.6%), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) triannulatus s.l. (Neiva & Pinto) (11.6%), A. (N.) albitarsis s.l. Lynch-Arribálzaga (6.7%), Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi Root (5.2%), Anopheles (Anopheles) peryassui Dyar & Knab (1.5%), and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari Galbadón (0.4%). Considering that Macapá has autochthonous malaria cases, our findings can contribute to developing public health measures in this municipality, therefore helping to protect its habitants.

We reported the hymenopteran fauna (except Formicidae) in a floodable area in the South Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The study was conducted in a riparian forest of the Miranda river, located in the Passo do Lontra region, Corumbá. The collection occurred in the dry season of August 2016 using different capture methods. A total of 137 individuals distributed in 18 families, 43 genera, and 64 morphospecies (10 nominal) were collected. The families with the greatest richness were Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae with 11 morphospecies each (17% of the total), followed by Platygastridae and Braconidae with 10 and nine, respectively. Two species were newly recorded for Brazil: Gryonoides pulchellus Dodd, 1920 (Platygastridae) and Losada penai Fritz, 1873 (Crabronidae), plus 22 new records for Mato Grosso do Sul. This study increases about 5.2% of the wasp fauna recorded in Mato Grosso do Sul, as well as for the Pantanal.

Ruptitermes arboreus (Emerson) is a litter-feeder soldierless termite that builds arboreal cartonated nests. In this paper, we describe and illustrate arboreal nests of R. arboreus, while also describing a fully clayish nest built upon the trunk of a fallen tree. Additionally, we provided physical and populational parameters for two nests. We also illustrate all castes except alates and record two termitophilous species occurring inside the nests.

Insects of the order Hemiptera (Heteroptera) are considered the largest group of insects with incomplete metamorphosis. Representatives of the Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha infraorders are found in the Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado Biome). This manuscript provides information about the occurrence and distribution of families and genera that occur in the states of the Cerrado Biome, deposited in the UnB Aquatic Invertebrate Collection (CIAq-UnB). The collection started in 1995 and have aquatic specimens of Cerrado Biome. An identification key is also presented for the families and genera that occur in this region.

Hymenopteran parasitoids are insects that play a fundamental role in ecosystems as they reduce the population density of insects that are considered pests in monocultures. However, little is known about the fauna in association to the eucalyptus trees in comparison to adjacent native vegetations. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the fauna of parasitoid wasps that occur in a commercial plantation of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake, as well as in native forest and capoeira environments in the plateau of Conquista, Bahia, a semiarid region of Bahia. The study was conducted for two consecutive years with monthly monitoring using five Malaise traps. The collected insects were sorted and identified at the family level. The faunal indices referring to the families of each area were studied by evaluating the frequency, species richness, shannon diversity and equitability. In total, 5,899 individuals were collected, which were distributed in 24 families and eight superfamilies. The most abundant families were Braconidae, Ichneumonidae and Bethylidae. Capoeira and eucalyptus trees showed greater similarity and equitability when compared to the rest of the forest. Given the diversity of Hymenopteran parasitoid families found in the area, it was concluded that the maintenance of native vegetation environments is important, even at the initial stage of succession.