ResumoA Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke (RFAD) é um fragmento de 10.000 hectares em conflito geográfico com a cidade de Manaus. O conhecimento da diversidade dos Ephemeroptera na RFAD é fundamental uma vez que estes organismos são elementos biológicos importantes; como importante fonte de alimento e, por seu potencial como indicadores das perturbações antropogênicas. Neste estudo teve-se como objetivo o levantamento da fauna de Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) das duas bacias hidrográficas, comparando a diversidade entre as bacias e entre os períodos seco e chuvoso. Coletou-se em 38 pontos dos igarapés das bacias Leste (Ipiranga, Uberê e Tinga) e a Oeste (Acará e Bolívia) da RFAD com rede entomológica aquática (rapiché). Para verificar diferenças na riqueza das duas bacias e, comparar a riqueza nos períodos seco e chuvoso foi feito o Índice de Riqueza de Jackknife. Foram obtidas 804 larvas de Leptophlebiidae sendo identificados 368 indivíduos e reconhecidos sete gêneros: Hagenulopsis Ulmer (35%; n=128); Thraulodes Ulmer (34%; n=124); Farrodes Peters (13%; n=48); Miroculis Edmunds Jr (12%; n=45); Hydrosmilodon Flowers & Dominguez (5%; n=19); Hermanella Needham & Murphy (0.8%; n=3), Microphlebia Savage & Peters (n=1). Este representa o primeiro registro de Hydrosmilodon, Hermanella e Microphlebia para a RFAD. Na comparação entre as bacias Leste e Oeste, o Índice de Riqueza de Jackknife não indicou diferença significativa na riqueza de gêneros. Hermanella e Hydrosmilodon não ocorreram na bacia Oeste e, Microphlebia não ocorreu na bacia Leste, no entanto estas ausências não representam diferença significativa na riqueza taxonômica das bacias. A comparação na riqueza de espécie de Leptophlebiidae considerando o período seco e chuvoso revelou uma diferença significativa entre os períodos. Cerca de 68% dos indivíduos foram coletados no período seco provavelmente porque neste período a água fica restrita ao canal do igarapé fornecendo substrato estável (vegetação marginal e folhiço) para a manutenção da fauna. No período chuvoso o substrato é carreado pelas enxurradas não sendo possível � manutenção da fauna.Diversity of Larve Leptophlebiidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Manaus, AM.Abstract. The Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve (ADRF) is a fragment of 10.000 hectares in geographic conflict with the city of Manaus. The knowledge of the diversity of Ephemeroptera in the ADRF is essencial because these organisms are biological important elements as food source and for its potential as indicative of the human disturbances. The objective of this study was to develop a survey of the diversity of Leptophlebiidae from two basins of ADRF, comparing the diversity between basins and the dry and rainy periods 38 points were collected from streams of the Eastern (Ipiranga, Uberê and Tinga) and Western (Acará and Bolivia) ADRF basins with aquatic entomological net (rapiché). To verify differences in the wealth of the two basins and to compare the wealth in the dry and rainy periods it was utilized the Jackknife wealth index. It was colleded 804 larvae of Leptophlebiidae, being identified 368 individuals from seven genera: Hagenulopsis Ulmer (35%; n=128); Thraulodes Ulmer (34%; n=124); Farrodes Peters (13%; n=48); Miroculis Edmunds Jr (12%; n=45); Hydrosmilodon Flowers & Dominguez (5%; n=19); Hermanella Needham & Murphy (0.8%; n=3), Microphlebia Savage & Peters (n=1). It represents the first register of Hydrosmilodon, Hermanella and Microphlebia for the ADRF. In the comparison between the basins East and West, the Jackknife’s did not indicate significant difference in the wealth of genera. Hermanella and Hydrosmilodon had not occurred in the West basin and, Microphlebia did not occurred in the East basin, however these absences does not represent significant difference in the taxonomic wealth of the basins. The comparison in the wealth of species of Leptophlebiidae considering the dry and rainy period revealed significant difference. About 68% of the individuals had been collected in the dry period, probably because in this period the water is restricted to the stream channel supplying steady substratum (marginal and leaf litter vegetation) to maintain the fauna. In the rainy period the substratum is carried down stream by torrents being impossible to maintain the fauna.

The infraorder Tabanomorpha traditionally includes the families Tabanidae, Athericidae, Rhagionidae, and Vermileonidae. The new family Oreoleptidae was placed among the tabanomorphan, as well as some controversial groups as Austroleptidae and Spaniidae, but there is no agreement on the phylogenetic relationships of the groups considered as belonging to the infraorder. Here is presented the geographical distribution of the following tabanomorphan families: Rhagionidae, Vermileonidae, Athericidae, Austroleptidae and Oreoleptidae. Every historical biogeographical analysis depends on up-to-dated distributional information, and, hence, reliable lists of distribution are a starting point to a broad comprehension of the evolution in space.

Resumo. Foi realizado um estudo sobre artrópodes que vivem em ninhos de Columba livia Gmelin 1789, ave conhecida como pombo urbano e que nidifica em construções humanas, com o intuito de inventariar as espécies de artrópodes associadas. Foram coletados 14 ninhos de C. livia em nove bairros da área urbana de Manaus os quais foram levados ao laboratótio e colocados em um extrator do tipo Berlese-Tulgren por 12 dias, para a captura dos artrópodes. Foram encontrados 10.323 artrópodes, pertencentes a 3 subfilos, 3 classes, 14 ordens e 33famílias. Acari foi mais abundante com 7.879 indivíduos, sendo o gênero Caloglyphus Berlese, 1923, o mais representativo (75%). A maioria das espécies encontradas é detritívora. A diversidade de artrópodes foi menor em Manaus se comparada à registrada em trabalhos da região Paleártica, provavelmente por C. livia ser uma espécie exótica na fauna Neotropical. Arthropods in the nests of Columba livia Gmelin 1789 (Aves, Columbidae) in the urban area of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Abstract. The objective of this study was identify the arthropod fauna in nests of the urban pigeon, Columba livia Gmelin 1789 who build their nests in man-made buildings. Fourteen nests were collected in nine districts of the built up area of the city of Manaus. For twelve days, arthropods were extracted in a Berlese-Tulgren funnel. A total of 10.323 arthropods representing 3 subphyla, 3 classes, 14 orders and 33 families were detected. Acari was the most abundant group with 7879 individuals. Mites of the genus Caloglyphus Berlese, 1923, made up over 75 % of all arthropods collected. Most of the arthropods extracted are detrivorous and apterous. The diversity found in Manaus was lower than that reported for samples collected in the Palearctic Region, probably because C. livia is exotic in the Neotropical fauna. The introduction of this pigeon can be responsible for a major contact between some arthropods and humans.

Resumo. Triatoma carcavalloi Jurberg, Rocha & Lent é uma espécie com distribuição geográfica restrita ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, hábitos silvestres, vivendo em simpatria com Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard) e Triatoma circummaculata (Stal). Diferenças morfo-estruturais na região cefálica de adultos foram ilustradas. Na análise morfológica das antenas de T. carcavalloi foi verificado em machos e fêmeas a ocorrência de 14 tricobótrias no terceiro e quarto segmento antenal. Na cabeça a presença de 1+1 manchas pós-ocelares. Nos fêmures das pernas de ambos os sexos foi encontrado um par muito pequeno de dentículos subapicais. As fossetas esponjosas foram encontradas somente nos machos, nas tíbias das pernas anteriores e medianas. O estudo do rostro é importante para a caracterização da subfamília Triatominae, assim como o sulco estridulatório e a búcula. A búcula possui borda grossa, superfície granular e forma de “U”. O rostro é similar em ambos os sexos. A placa apical tem forma de diamante na lamela inferior e forma digitiforme na lamela superior. No ápice do rostro duas fendas laterais 1+1 foram observadas. O sulco estridulatório desta espécie tem a forma de "V" e é mais largo nas fêmeas do que nos machos. Esta é a primeira descrição morfológica destas estruturas em adultos de T. carcavalloi usando a microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Estes resultados relacionados aos estudos morfológicos realizados em T. carcavalloi evidenciam a importância destas estruturas para caracterização específica.External Morphology of Triatoma carcavalloi Jurberg, Rocha & Lent (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) by Optical and Scanning Electron MicroscopyAbstract. Triatoma carcavalloi Jurberg, Rocha & Lent is specie with restricted geographic distribution to the State of Rio Grande do Sul, rupestrial habits, living currently in simpatry with Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard) and Triatoma circummaculata (Stal). Morpho-structural differences in the cephalic region of the adults had also been illustrated. In the morphological analysis of the antennas of T. carcavalloi it was verified the occurrence in both, male and females, more than 14 trichobotrium, in the third and fourth antennal articles. In the head the presence of 1+1 post-ocelares spots. In the legs, a pair of sub-apical dentices in femures of both male and female was found. Spongy fossette had been found only in the males, in the tibias of the previous and medium legs. The study of rostrum is important to the characterization of the subfamily Triatominae, as well as the stridulatory sulcus and buccula. The buccula possess a thick edge, granular surface and “U” shape. The rostrum is similar in both sexes. The apical plate has a diamond shaped inferior lamella and the superior one has a digit form. In the apex of the rostrum two lateral rifts 1+1 are observed. The stridulatory sulcus of these specie is "V" shaped and is more larger in the females than in males. This is the first morphologic description of these structures in the adults of T. carcavalloi using the scanning electronic microscopy. The results related to the morphological studies carried out in T. carcavalloi, showed evidences that some structures are important for the specific characterization.

Idiopidae Simon, 1889 is mostly composed of spiders known as trapdoor spiders, which create structures for shelter, hunting and protection against possible predators (Mason et al., 2013). It is divided into three subfamilies: Arbanitinae Simon, 1903, with spiders restricted to Oceania, Genysinae Simon, 1903, occurring in India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and South America, and Idiopinae Simon, 1889, from South America, Africa, East Middle and South to Southeast Asia (Raven 1985; World Spider Catalog 2023). Idiopidae is widely distributed throughout the world, however, only two genera are present in Brazil: Idiops Perty, 1833 and Neocteniza Pocock, 1895. In this work, we describe a new species for both genera present in Brazil and a new record of Idiops.

Conservation Units are areas legally established by the government with the goal of conserving territory and its natural resources. Given the limited knowledge about the invertebrate biodiversity in the Northern Atlantic Forest, including its legally protected areas, the present study aimed to inventory butterfly species in two Conservation Units of the Northern Atlantic Forest in Paraíba, Brazil: Engenho Gargaú Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN Gargaú) and Mata do Xém-xém State Park (PE Xém-xém), both located in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa. We conducted the collections every two months, over three consecutive days, in six expeditions from February 2013 to April 2014 in RPPN Gargaú and in four expeditions from August 2014 to April 2015 in PE Xém-xem. Additionally, a two-day collecting expedition was carried out in August 2021 in RPPN Gargaú. We employed two sampling methods: Van Someren-Rydon traps and entomological nets. A total of 212 species (2,841 specimens) were recorded, 158 (1,867 specimens) in RPPN Gargaú and 129 (974 specimens) in PE Xém-xém. Overall, Hesperiidae was the richest family (81 spp.), followed by Nymphalidae (70), Riodinidae (22), Lycaenidae (22), Pieridae (12), and Papilionidae (4). Out of the total species, 48 are new records for Paraíba, and seven for northeast Brazil. Notably, the record of Morpho menelaus eberti Weber, 1963 in RPPN Gargaú, a subspecies classified as Critically Endangered (CR), stands out. The results emphasize the need to protect the forest remnants in the region, as well as to develop management and monitoring actions for butterflies and other invertebrates.

Specimens of Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994 (Diptera: Tephritidae) were obtained from fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi L., Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae), Malpighia emarginata DC. (Malpighiaceae), and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae), from a survey carried out in Lethem, Republic of Guyana. This is the first record of B. carambolae in A. bilimbi, M. emarginata and P. guajava in the country.

Social wasps are commonly considered generalists in their feeding habits, but there are genera with little information regarding their diet, such as Mischocyttarus de Saussure, 1853 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), the most species-rich wasp genus in the world. The objective of this study is to report Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron, 1912) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) feeding on a spider in the southeastern region of Brazil, aiming to expand information about its feeding behavior. The record occurred occasionally on September 23, 2023, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the ecotone region between the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. The feeding of a species from the Araneidae family occurred in its web, and the individual of M. rotundicollis used the tarsi of its legs to cling to the silk threads of the web, which could suggest a specialization for the exploitation of this food resource. Our record provides further information on the feeding behavior and diet of M. rotundicollis and presents the first information on spider feeding by this species. Further studies are suggested to evaluate this possible hypothesis of specialization of the genus for foraging in spider webs.

Sarcophagidae and Calliphoridae are families of Diptera that cover, respectively, about 3,100 and 1,000 species described worldwide. The species of these families have medical and veterinary importance, due to their role as vectors of pathogenic agents. The Diptera fauna is little known in many Brazilian ecosystems, including some phytophysiognomies of the Atlantic Forest. In the present study, two expeditions were carried out, one in the rainy season and the other in the dry season, using four traps baited with fish and exposed for 48 hours in the field in the Parque Natural Municipal Atalaia in the municipality of Macaé. The collected material was sorted and assembled at Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM/UFRJ and transported to Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Sistemática de Diptera - Museu Nacional, UFRJ (MNRJ), for later identification. A total number of 712 specimens of Calliphoridae and 27 of Sarcophagidae were collected. The sampling effort for Sarcophagidae collection was average, since the species accumulation curve continues to rise, unlike the Calliphoridae curve, which remains stable. The study included species considered asynanthropic, as Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (Calliphoridae), but also invasive species, like those of the genus Chrysomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Calliphoridae). Therefore, the present study contributed to expand knowledge about both families in the Atlantic Forest, in Rio de Janeiro, and emphasized the importance of continuing studies in the region, as many species are asynanthropic, while others are invasive, which can result in the inhibition of the native ones.

Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. is an established biocontrol agent in laboratory, but studies have shown negative effects of temperature and Ultraviolet radiation on its potential in vitro. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies about its endophytic colonization in vivo, especially in field conditions in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of B. bassiana applied to cowpea seed on the growth of the plants under laboratory and field conditions, and on their resistance to insect attack. Cowpea seeds were treated with suspension of 5 x 108 conidia/mL of B. bassiana. The plants were cultivated in two independent conditions (laboratory and field). The resistance to attack of the pest in field conditions was assessed by monitoring weekly the plants three times a week during 12 weeks, from the initial vegetative to the reproductive stage. According to the results, in laboratory conditions, there were significant differences among the inoculated and control plants for the variables of height of the plants (31.17 cm for treatment and 23.00 cm for control plants) and dry mass of the root (2.38 g for treatment and 0.97 g for control plants). In field conditions, the observed pest insects were miner fly [Liriomyza sp.] (Diptera: Agromyzidae), Cerotoma arcuata Olivier, 1791 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the polyphagous hemipteran [Crinocerus sanctus (Fabricius, 1775)] (Hemiptera: Coreidae). The treated plants were less affected than control plants by these pests, especially at the beginning of the vegetative phase.