Yellow passion fruit crop (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) and natural insume use on agriculture are increasing in Remígio county Paraíba State, Brazil. In this direction was carried out an experiment, during July 2005 to December 2006 in randomized blocks in order to evaluate the effects of absence and presence of biofertilizers comum (bovine manure fertilizer fresh and water) and supermagro (bovine manure, water, macronutrients and micronutrients), applied to soil on liquid form, in level of 2.4 L plant-1, 30 days before and two months after transplanting, in the absence and presence of mineral fertilizer with NPK, with three repetition and six plantas per set using a factorial designs 3x2. The biofertilizers show more reliable to growth than fruit production of yellow passion fruit. Biggest production corresponded to treatments with the use of mineral fertilizer, specially in the first production. Comum and supermagro biofertilizer gave significative effects on vegetative growth of plants of yellow passion fruit plant but had no influence on fruits production.

Brazil possesss potential for attainment of great amounts of apicultural products, what it differentiates it of the too much countries that, normally, harvests an only time per year. However despite the diversity of the apicultural flora and the high existing food concentration in the rainy period, during the dry station, a scarcity of apicultural grass e occurs, consequently, of food for the bees being necessary a complementary feeding of this form assuring the productivity and the profits. The feeding of the bees of course is very selective, them is adapted in the adult phase to an feeding eliminates, however, these unbalanced fluids little is concentrated and its composition with predominance of sugars, thus needing complementing in the diet with a rich food in proteins as form is pólen.Dessa is necessary to know foods conventional and alternative for the period of between harvest diminishing the loss of the brief produção.Esta revision presents excellent aspects of the feeding of the bees relating its chemical composition, nutritional value and functional properties.

The albizia is a species arbores of the Leguminosae - Mimosoideae family (Momosaceas), native of Tropical Asia and characterized for presenting a speed growth, ability to fix nitrogen and to improve the structure of earth, especially in areas degraded, having uses multiples and facility to co associate with cultures agricultural. The research was lead in two experiments with the objective of to identify methods to superation of dormancy in seeds of albizia and to verify the effect of light and temperatures in germination of this species. In first the seeds were submitted the twelve methods to superation of dormancy: humid heat, immersion in hot water, immersion in sulfuric acid, and escarification mechanic, beyond of the witness, being determined the percentage of germination of seeds seard and deceased. In second experiment, after treatment with sulfuric acid for 10 minutes, the seeds were sowed in tabledoch paper type Germitest and put to germinate under nine combinations: continue light and constant temperature of 25oC; continue light and constant temperature of 35oC; continue light and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); dark continue and constant temperature of 25oC; dark continue and constant temperature of 35oC; dark continue and alternated temperature (35oC/8h and 25oC/16h); alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 25oC; alternance of light (light/8h and dark/16h), 35oC and alternance of light and temperature (light/35oC/8h and dark/20oC/16h). Conclusion the specie Albizia lebbeck presents seeds dormancy, detach-itself the escarification mechanic and the sulfuric acid as efficient methods to the superation of dormancy; the seeds of albizia are insensitive to the light and your germination was not influenced by the temperatures useds.

The use of fungicides is a key measure of control used to halt the vine decline in melon by Monosporascus cannonballus. This study aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of the active principles fluazinam and methyl thiophanate in control of M. cannonballus in melon. Melon plants (yellow type) were grown in pot with soil naturally infested with the pathogen. The soil was originated from areas with a history of vine decline in melons. It was used a design in DIC with 10 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of increasing doses of these active principles alone or in combination. Were utilized two controls: autoclaved soil and naturally infested soil. The parameters analyzed were fresh weight of roots, damage to hypocotyl in primary and secondary roots. The analysis of variance indicated that all treatments that showed the presence of active principle fluazinam differ significantly from other treatments. In addition, the analysis did not indicate differences among the doses used in the experiment. Thus, it appears that this active principle can be recommended at its lowest dose to control the disease once it is properly registered to this crop. It was found phytotoxic effects of the active principle methyl thiophanate in melon plants during this experiment.

The objective of the present work was to study the characteristics biometrics of the fruit and the effect of the physical and chemical scarification in the germination of seeds of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart. ex Tul. Ripe fruits were collected in August of 2007 of existent trees in the campus of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-arid, Mossoró- RN. The evaluations were carried at the Laboratory of Analysis of Seeds of the Department of Vegetable Sciences of UFERSA. The germination test was constituted of witness and 4 treatments (types of common vinegar: vinegar of alcohol, vinegar of red wine and vinegar of white wine) and hot water to 65ºC, with 4 repetitions of 50 seeds. The sowing was in containers plastic with dimensions of 32.5 x 24 x 4 cm (length, width and depth). The used substrates were sand washed sterilized previously and being irrigated with water distilled. The appraised characteristics were: mass of the fresh matter and matter dries of the seedling, germination percentage and index of emergency velocity. The immersion of the seeds in vinegar of white wine favors the germination, the index of germination velocity and the accumulation of fresh and dry matter of the juca seedlings.

During the germination process, the impermeability of the tegument and the humidity of the substratum they influence the reidratação of the seeds, metabolic activation and consequent growth of your embryonic axis. Therefore, the present work was led with the objective of evaluating the effect of the removal of the tegument in the germination and vigor of seeds of pinhão-tame (Jatropha curcas L.) in different volumes of water in the substratum. After the seed shoud treatments they were installed in germination model Mandelsdorf under regime of natural light in the constant temperature of 30ºC. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized factorial design outline 2 x 4 (2 - with and without tegument and 4 - humidities 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 and 3,5 times the weight of the paper (g).). The evaluations were accomplished daily (primary roots protrusion) and to the 07 and 10 days of the beginning of the test, being computed the normal seedlings. In agreement with the results obtained in the present work, the retreat of the tegument can be ended it affects the germination and vigor of the seeds negatively, that the when the substratum is humidified with volume of water (mL) in the strip from 2,0 to 2,5 times the weight of the paper, happening the reduction of the germination and vigor when the substratum is humidified for superior values to this. Presenting better acting when the substratum is humidified with volumes of water (mL) equivalent to 3,0 and 3,5 times the weight of paper germitest (g), happening the reduction of the germination and vigor when the substratum is humidified for inferior values to these.

Stachytarpheta coccinea Schauer (Verbenaceae) is recorded for the first time to the Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazilian Northeast. This species was found in Caatinga vegetation especially at the region Western of the State. Description, geographic distribution and illustrations to the species are presented.

This research focused on to test the reaction of cultivars and introductions of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) to Rotylenchulus reniformis. Two experiments were carried out independently with treatments arranged in a completely randomized design. In the first one 4 cultivars ('Crimson Sweet', 'Charleston Gray', 'Sugar Baby' and 'Omaru Yamato') and 4 introductions ('MO-1 to MO-4') of watermelon were tested and in the second one 9 varieties of cotton ('BRS Ipê', 'BRS Rubi', 'BRS Safira', 'BRS 200 Marrom', 'IAC 23', 'Auburn 2', 'Deltapine 16', 'BRS 187-8H' and 'Deltapine 61'). Each treatment consisted of one genotype with 4 replicates witch consisted of one plant grown in a mixture of sterilized and naturally infested soil by 2.784 and 3.016 vermiform specimens in the first and second experiment, respectively. Cultivars and introductions of watermelon reacted as poor hosts while varieties of cotton reacted as good hosts of R. reniformis.

The State of Rio Grande do Norte is the largest exporter of muskmelons in Brazil and producers, in general, use irrigation water of different levels of salinity (ECw). However, in the region there is little information available on the effect of salinity of the water on the absorption of nutrients by the melon crop. Therefore, objective of this research was to study the extraction and accumulation of nutrients to in two varieties of melon (Orange Flesh and Goldex), irrigated with water of low (0.80 dS m-1) and high (3.02 dS m-1) salinity. The study was conducted from October to December, 2003, in Red Latosol of medium texture at the Fazenda Santa Julia (Latitude 5o 02' 0,0" S, Longitude 37o 22" 33,6" WGr.), in the municipality of Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design adapted was in random blocks with four replications. Largest accumulation of dry matter was found in the fruit in the aerial part after 63 days of sowing, representing 59.17% and 74.53 (Orange Flesh and Goldex) in the condition of low electrical conductivity (0.80 dS m-1) and 70.50 and 67.27% in cultivars Orange Flesh and Goldex, respectively, for high electrical conductivity (3.02 dS m-1). The application of saline water (3.02 dS m-1) reduces the content of potassium in cultivar Goldex by 39%.

The study area involves the territory limit of the Boa Vista municipality, 446.30 km2, situated in the Cariris Velhos homogeneous micro region, semi-arid region of the Paraiba State. The present work had as objective the elaboration of thematic maps of the space-time evolution of vegetal covering classes, period 1987/2004, of the Boa Vista municipality using TM/LANDSAT-5 satellite's digital images and photo interpretation techniques and images digital processing, available in the SPRING v. 4.2 software, beyond field work. The maps were elaboration be using the segment images supervised classification method and edited by SCARTA module. The results had indicated that the covering vegetal class most conserving, dense to semi dense, suffered reduction of 13.93% between 1987 and 2004; in this period the percent of areas with semi-dense to semi-sparse class was practically steady, diminishing only 0.87%; besides, the more critical covering class (semi-sparse to sparse and sparse + exposed soil) had increased 9.02% and 5.73%, respectively. These results are related with the raised use of lands for cattle the extensive one, as well as for the lack of income of the agricultural population that without option uses the vegetation in the firewood form.