The objective of work was evaluated four methods of superation of dormancy in Jitirana (Merremia aegyptia). The treatments used were: 1- Checking, 2 - Submersion in the hot water at 80ºC by one minute, 3 - Mechanic escarification by five minutes; 4 - Submersion in the sulfuric acid by six minutes, 5 - Submersion in the sulfuric acid by ten minutes. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The plot was formed by sample with 50 seeds. The traits evaluated were: fresh weight, dry weight, height of seedling, length of root, percentage of germination and index of velocity of germination. The seeds treated with sulfuric acid showed bigger percentage of germination. The treatments with mechanic escarification and sulfuric acid (10 minutes) showed bigger index of velocity of germination.

Whiteflies are pests of many crops. They cause severe yield losses and reduce crop quality on fruits. Insecticides of differents modes of action have been used with little success in the control of this pest. In this work, the efficiency of buprofezin and pyriproxyfen applied alone and/or mixtured with fenpropathrin and acephate on Bemisia tabaci B biotype eggs, nymphs and adults was evaluated under field conditions. The experiment was conduced in a randomized complete block design in an irrigated area in Paraipaba, CE, Brazil, with six treatments and eight replicates. The mixture of the insecticides fenpropathrin + acephate applied weekly alone or mixtured wasefficient to control eggs, nymphs and adults of the whitefly, while the insect growth regulators buprofezin and pyriproxyfen did not control eggs and adults, but they controled nymphs, being pyriproxyfen more efficient than buprofezin.

The xiquexique ((Pilocereus gounellei (A. Weber ex K. Schum.) Bly. ex Rowl)) is native cactus the caatinga, much utilization of the small farmers in the drought period in the caatinga, To evaluate the xiquexique consumption for goats in the drought period in the caatinga, they were selected to the 12 animals in the community of the Xiquexique, Curaçá, BA, in the period of august to november of the 2005. The experiment consisted the two treatments and four replications. The animals consumed, on the average, 351.13 kg the phytomass the xiquexique. The daily consumption the xiquexique for animal was of 6.63 kg/dia. The animals thatreceived supplement had the period, while the other animals lost.

the research was installed in an experimental area (latitude 6º54'59,88"S, longitude 35º09'17,86"O and altitude of 121,00 m) of Capim II Farm, located in the Municipal of Capim/PB, with objective of evaluating the behavior of the culture of the sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), variety SP 79 1011, as for Leaf Area Index submitted to two factors: sheets of irrigation water and manuring levels with zinc. The experimental design consisted of randomizered blocks (DRB), with three repetitions in factorial outline 5 x 5 analyzed jointly. The irrigation sheets were: without irrigation, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the Etc considering the respective effective precipitations. The levels of zinc were 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 kg ha-1. The irrigation equipment used in the research was of the type central pivot fasten. The irrigation sheets influenced the area index significantly to foliate along the cultivation period. The maximum leaf area index of sugarcane it happens to the five months of age; at the end of the year of cultivation the variety SP 79 1011 of sugarcane answered, in a significant way, to the sheets of irrigation water. The differences in relation to the cane irrigated with 100% of the ETc they are respectively: 41,12; 23,37; 22,07 and 24,67%.

With the objective of evaluating the production of lettuce seedlings in greenhouse under shading and in floating system, it was installed an experiment in the Federal University of Acre, in the period of November of 2006 to January of 2007. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replicates, in split-plot arrangement in strips. The strips corresponded to in the greenhouse and field, the strip, in shading (with and without) and constituting the split-plot,the floating system (with and without). The seedlings were cultivated in trays of polystyrene of 128 cells, containing substrate the base of organic composition, charred peel-of-rice and soil in the proportion of 1:1:1, added 10% of the vegetable coal and 1,5 kg m-3 of termphosphate. The screen with 50% of shading was placed to 50 cm of height. After 24 days of the planting, they were appraised the dry masses of the aerial part, of the root and total of the plant. The largest production of dry mass of the plant's aerial and total part was obtained being used it greenhouse and shading screen. Greenhouse, the floating system without shading presented smaller development of the system root and dry mass total, not differing to each other in the shading condition. The production of seedlings without floating system was better with shading in field and without shading in greenhouse. In the general, the best quality of the seedlings was obtained greenhouse.

The sugar sugar cane (Saccharum spp.) has revealed as a new energy alternative, mainly as one of the possible substitutes of oil through the combustible alcohol, and São Paulo State is distinguished as being the producing greater of sugar cane, and thus studies are necessary for estimate your productivity, and for this a model was used to predict potential productivity through IPCC datas scenarios, in this study was used the scenario A2 for Barretos city in São Paulo state in the period of 2000 the 2099. In a general way the changes climatic had caused a beneficial effect for the sugar cane, reflecting in a bigger production of dry mass in stalks.

The effects of salinity on the plant are first noticed during the germination process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate germination and initial development stage of melon plants hybrids (Mandacaru and Vereda) in different levels of salinity of irrigation water. Research was conduted at the Seed Analysis Laboratory of the Department of Crop Science of the UFERSA from February to April 2007. The treatments were organized in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 2 x 6 (two hybrids of melon plant Mandacaru and Vereda, and six levels of electrical conductivity ofirrigation water: 0,45; 1,95; 3,45; 4,95; 6,45 and 7,95 dSm-1), with four replicates. Evaluation of speed of emergence-index, height of the aerial part of the seedling, dry mass of the aerial part of the seedling and seedling emergence. Compared to the Vereda Hybrid, the Mandacaru proved to be the most tolerant to salinity due to higher estimates of the speed of emergenceindex, height of the aerial part of the seedling, dry mass of the aerial part of the seedling and seedling emergence in different levels of salinity of irrigation water.

The Brazilian Cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) is a native species of Brazil species native to the southernof Brazil. The aerial part of the plant (leaves and fruits) contains essential oil high in sesquiterpenes, which is used in the cosmetics industry and popular medicine. Although it has great potential, information regarding the distillation of its essential oil is scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-harvest treatments of the aerial part in order to improve the extraction of essential oil. The samples were collected from terminal branches of the same access of Eugenia uniflora L. belonging to the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Center ofHorticulture of the Agronomical Institute of Campinas, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, from May to June, 2005. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized blocks and a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial designs, with 3 replications, the factors being: two parts of the plant (leaves and branches), two methods of sample preparation (leaves and branches, whole or triturated) and two forms of the sample (fresh and frozen), totalizing eight treatments. The leaves were distilled in a modified Clevenger distiller for 3 hours. The frozen parts were kept for 7 days at -10oC before distillation. The highest concentration of essential oil is occurs in the leaves of Brazilian Cherry, with the twigs of the plant containing a small amount.. The freezing of the leaves reduced the oil yield as compared to that by others treatments, and the trituration of the vegetal material raised the extracted amount of oil.

The lack of information on seedlings production mainly with respect to the use of residuary water for irrigation and soil subtracts and the sustainability aspect of the production justified the present study. The work was conducted on a greenhouse using the flamboyant (Delonix regia) a forestall specie widely used on reforestation. It was used a randomized block design with four subtracts: soil, soil + NPK, soil + organic compost and soil + biossolid , and two irrigation waters: normal and residuary water, arranged in a factorial form, totalizing fifty six experimental units in seven blocks. At the end of 100 days the plant variables were measured and the data analyzed statistically. Treatments and interactions affected the number of leaves, leaf area, plant height and the aerial plant weight, observing the best results when the residuary water was used for irrigation and when the plant was developed on the soil + organic compost and soil + biossolid subtracts. For the stem diameter and root weight just the subtract nature affected the seedlings, obtaining the best results on the soil + organic compost subtract. The root length was not affected by the treatments.

The objective of this paper was to determine the phosphorus adsorption characteristics using the Langmuir isotherm. The study was carried out in the Laboratório de Irrigação e Salinidade, of Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, with surface (0-20 cm) samples from two soils of Paraiba State. The soil samples (2,5 g) were mixed with a CaCl2 0.01M (25 mL), with addition to 0; 35; 45; 55; 70; 85 and 100 mg L-1 of P as KH2PO4 and maintained in contact for 24 hours. The phosphorus was analyzed from the supernatant in order to determine the amount of P adsorbed by the soils. The maximum P adsorption capacity (MPAC) was determined for all soil through the linear model of the Langmuir equation. The Ultisol showed the highest values of the MPAC and PmCF and the Oxisol showed the highest adsorption energy. The results showed that the soil attributes that had influenced on soil MPAC were soil organic matter and clay content and thebase saturation.