With the purpose of evaluating effects of salinity of irrigation water on initial development of rootstocks of guava (Psidium guajava L), an experiment was conducted in greenhouse at Experimental Station of Pacajus, belonging to Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry in the State of Ceará. The treatments in randomized block design consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw: 0.5; 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and two cultivars of guava (Rica and Ogawa) with four replications. The irrigation waters were prepared maintaining equivalent proportion of 7:2:1 respectively of Na:Ca:Mg. Seedlings were appraised 80 days after emergence, the effects, on number of leaves, plant height, diameter of stem, phytomass of the root and aerial parts, total phytomass, diameter, leaf area and root to aerial part ratio were studied. The increment of water salinity affected growth of cultivar in terms of number of leaves, stem diameter plant height, the Ogawa cultivar was found to be more affected. In highest level of water salinity (4.5 dS m-1) the relative reduction in total dry phytomass in case of cultivar Rica was 63.5% while the decrease in cultivar Ogawa was higher (77.4%); with regard to leaf area the effect was linear with reduction of 17.2% and 18.4%, respectively, for unit increase of water salinity. In cultivar Rica roots and in cultivar Ogawa the aerial parts were most affected negatively by water salinity.

The selection of rhizobium strains tolerant to salinity and temperature stress, typically of semi-arid regions, enhances the chance for introducing and establishing the air nitrogen fixing bacteria and cowpea association successfully, resulting in grain yield increases. Effects of factors, such as tolerance to different NaCl concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) and two levels of high temperature (39º C and 42º C). were studied on seventy-six rhizobium strains isolated from cowpea root nodules in order to identify the relation to the origin region and their growth habit in YEM solid culture medium. In general, it was observed that bacteria from the "Sertão" region were more tolerant to high temperatures. On the other hand, results for the salinity study showed that as the salt concentration increased, the percentage of tolerant strains decreased. About 40% of the strains were able to grow in a culture medium with 1% of NaCl. At 2% of NaCl concentration, 17% of the total strains could grow and, from this amount, 15% came from the "Sertão" region and 24% from "Zona da Mata" region. At 3% NaCl concentration, only 12% of the strains were able to grow. From the 76 strains, around 10% were tolerant to high temperatures and to the NaCl levels used, one of them from the "Agreste" region, four from the "Sertão" region and 2 from the "Zona da Mata" region".

The present work had for objective to evaluate the quality of the yellow passion fruit marketed in Rio Branco, in the state of the Acre. This research was accomplished the months of April and May of 2006. It was collected fruits of four commercial establishments, being three supermarkets (A,B,C) and a free market (D). The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four treatments and seven replications (collection time). The experimental unit wasconstituted of fifteen fruits. Medium mass of the fruit of 177,62 g, revenue of pulp of 44,44%, thickness of the peel of 6,98 mm, color of the peel varying of 2 (partially it yellows) to 3 (totally it yellows), format index of 1,16, length of 90,26 mm, diameter of 73,83 mm and class varying from 3 to 4. The appearance intern e had index of 3,87 (seeds and pulp stuck to the endocarp and 80% of the juice in the arilos). Fruits with light damages in the of peel were 91,18% and 14,96% with deep damages, classified in the category III. The fruits presented the following composition: 38 mg 100g-1 of vitamin C, 11% of total soluble solids, 5,2% of titlatable total acidity total and ratio of 2,3. The medium price to the consumer was of R$2.55/kg. It was verified by the characteristics analyzed that the establishment A, B and C presented better quality of the fruits in relation to the medium mass, diameter, length and format index. The establishment B markets fruits with larger market price (R$3.68/kg). Therefore, the passion fruit marketed in the municipal district of Rio Branco it is of low quality and prices above the production cost.

The Cereus jamacaru it is a cactaceae plant very used in food of cows, caprines and sheeplike in the semi-arid of Brazilian Northeastern. The pH, soluble solids, ashes, total solids, moisture, insoluble solids and the yield of Cereus jamacaru samples were determined. Were utilized the bunch of an only plant, this went separates and processes as three types of samples; pulp of the storaging pancreas of water (central stalk), pulp of vascular cylinder of end bunch and of half of bunch (part between the central stalk and the epicarp of the plant). The resultswere statiscally evaluated according to completely randomize design, from which were verified that had significant difference among the samples as to the pH, ash, totals solids, moisture and insoluble solids. Were observed that the soluble solids (ºBrix) the pulps of vascular cylinder of half and the end the bunchs had the sames, had been less to the of pulp of central stalk. The largest yield was of the pulps of the vascular cylinder, about 75%.

The physical and chemical characteristics of quixaba fruits (Sideroxylon obtusifolium Penn.) the chop 2003/2004, harvested in Santa Terezinha region of State of Bahia, Brazil. It was used 450 fruits harvested at random the following physical and chemical analyses: pH, Soluble Solid (SS), Total Acidity (TA), ratio SS/TA, density, diameter, length, and volume of the fruits and pulp yield. The following average values were obtained: 24.13º Brix; pH 4.35, TA 0.4%, ratio SS/AT 63.32 and poor pulp yield (20.89%), which is compensated by the high fruit productivity per plant. The chemical analysis of quixaba¿s fruits presented desirable characteristics for industrialization. The Quixabeira is an alternative of native fruit for exploration in Semi-Arid region. Index terms: Native fruits, Semi-arid region, Quixabeira

The study was aimed of evaluating the nutritive value of silages from five corn hybrids (AG 122, AG9090, AG 5011, Dow 766 and DKB 747). The used five treatment with four replications in a completely randomized design to evaluate pH, ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), total carbohydrates (TC) and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC). The ether extract rates (EE), mineral matter (MM), neutral (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) was not affected by corn hybrids. The AG 122, AG 9090 and DOW 766 did not differ significantly with values from pH the 3.42, 3.31 and 3.40, respectively. The AG 122 and DOW 766 showed maximum value of N-NH3 (2.89 mg/100ml). The lower values of N-NH3 was found inthe AG 9090 (0.87 mg/100ml) and DKB 747 (1.05 mg/100ml). The DOW 766 and AG 9090 had higher value of MS rates, 33.51 and 32.32 %, respectively. In the silages, the pH and N-NH3 values had demonstrated that five corn hybrids supplying a good fermentation standard, all the corn hybrids can be classified like a good quality for silages.

The search to exotic fruits by the consumers and producers have in creasing in the latest years. The commercialization in CEAGESP is being similar to the flowers, that are an important part. The dovialis can be used in this way and the present research was conduced due the ausence of technical information about this culture. Evaluate the influence of the temperature on percentage of germination of seeds of this plant. The experiment was conduced in the Laboratory of Seeds, located in the Department of Vegetable Production, of FCAV - UNESP - Campus of Jaboticabal/SP, using seeds that were extracted from ripe fruits of dovialis trees, washed, placed to dry on shade and so conditioned in gerbox, being realized 4 replications with 10 seeds in each one and the treatments were composed by 4 temperatures: 15, 20, 25 and 35ºC, in a experimental delineation entirely randomized. The values of percentage of germination were transformed in arc sen x/ 100 . The averages were compared by the test of Tukey, with 5% of probability. Were realized daily evaluations of the number of germinated seeds, being the percentage of germination represented by the adding of the obtained plants, and the VIG was calculated according to Maguire (1962). Through the obtained results in this research, can be concluded that the temperatures of 20 and 25ºC were the most appropriated to a higher and faster germination for the specie in study.

This work was carried out to measure the adaptability on the heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (RF) and rectal temperature (RT) in Boer and Anglo-nubiana goats at Meio-Norte, Brazil. Fourteen male goats were used (7 = Boer and 7 = Anglo-nubiana) in the same conditions. In the same days and times were too collected the temperature and (TA) and relative humidity of the air (UR). The SNK test was used to compare the means. The results obtained to Bôer and Anglo-nubiana was, in dry period, HR (beats/minutes) = 79.3±16.1 and 97.0±18.3; RF (mov.min-1.) = 25.5±5.9 and 34.4±13.3; TR (oC) = 39.2±0.4 and 39.4±0.4. In rain period, in the same breed order HR = 75.1±6.9 and 82.5±6.0; RF (mov./min.-1) = 27.7±4.47 e 26.7±5.5; TR (oC) = 39.3±0,4 and 39.4±0,4. The TA, in oC, and UR, in %, were in the dry period 33.0±1.5 and 55.0±7.43; and in the rain period, 30.0±2.02 and 81.2±6,99. The Anglo-nubiana goats showed the highest HR, RF and RT relative to the Boer goats in the dry and in the rain periods that indicate the Boer goats are better adaptable in the hot stress conditions.

This work aimed to evaluate the seeds germination and vigor of cv Golden papaya fruits after seeds and fruits storage. The papaya fruits were picked from two maturation stage, from Caliman Farm, in Linhares - ES. The fruits were conserved in 25ºC for 10 days and the seeds germination was evaluated at the 0, 2, 6 e 10 days. After extraction and washing of the seeds, the drying was accomplished using an oven-dried with air circulation at 30ºC until they reached 8 to 10% humidity. A part of the seeds was analyzed, immediately, as germination and vigor percentage (first count of germination test and percentage of strong seedling in first count of germination). Another part was stored in packings of the type pouch of flexible aluminum by 30 and 120 days in 15ºC. The experimental design used was completely randomized in 4x3 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of four fruits storage period (0, 2, 6 e 10 days), with three seeds storage period (0, 30 and 120 days). The vigour was better availed by first count of germination test than by percentage of strong seedling. There were increase in the seed germination and vigor with the increase seed and fruits storage period. The fruit storage for 10 days and seeds storage for 120 days allowed hither seeds germination.

The experiment were carried out to determine sodium requirements for egg-white (EW) and egg-brown (EB) strain pullets from 12 to 18 weeks of age. It was used a completely randomized design according to a 6x2 factorial (sodium levels: 0.04; 0.10; 0.16; 0.21; 0.27 and 0.32%; with 2 strains), content five replicates of six pullets per experimental unit. The standard basal diet was formulated to contain 2,900 kcal AMEn/kg and 14.0 % CP. Feed intake, water intake, daily weight gain, feed: gain ratio, rectal temperature, and comb size were evaluated, as well as feces dry matter and humidity. In the experiment, there was no interaction between sodium levels and strains on the studied variables. The sodium levels had significant effects on feed intake, daily weight gain and feed: gain ratio according to the quadratic model and increased water intake and feces humidity linearly, whereas the feces dry matter and rectal temperature decreased linearly. For EW and EB strain, it is recommended 0.18 % sodium or daily intake of 131 and 148 mg of sodium from 12 to 18 weeks of age.