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VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DO SOLO EM ÁREA DE ENCOSTA SOB PROCESSO DE DEGRADAÇÃO 全文
2015
LIMA, FRANCIEZER VICENTE DE | SILVINO, GUTTEMBERG DA SILVA | MELO, RICHARDSON SOARES DE SOUZA | LIRA, ELDER CUNHA | RIBEIRO, THIAGO DE SOUZA
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DO SOLO EM ÁREA DE ENCOSTA SOB PROCESSO DE DEGRADAÇÃO 全文
2015
LIMA, FRANCIEZER VICENTE DE | SILVINO, GUTTEMBERG DA SILVA | MELO, RICHARDSON SOARES DE SOUZA | LIRA, ELDER CUNHA | RIBEIRO, THIAGO DE SOUZA
RESUMO: As condições físicas do solo são diretamente relacionadas com as práticas de manejo e o formato do relevo. A falta de manejo adequado pode levar os solos a processos erosivos e consequentemente degradação dessas áreas. Atualmente, estudos de variabilidade espacial permitem obter uma melhor análise para tomada de decisões e resoluções das referidas problemáticas. Pensando nisso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade espacial da infiltração de água no solo, densidade do solo e textura em área de encosta sobre processo de degradação. A pesquisa foi realizada em área de encosta com cultivo de pastagem, localizada entre os municípios de Areia (PB) e Remígio (PB). O solo foi amostrado em grade com malha regular (20 x 20m) entre pontos amostrais, perfazendo um total de 49 pontos em duas profundidades (0-10 cm; 10-20 cm), totalizando 98 amostras. Para a análise da variabilidade espacial foi utilizado a geoestatística, por meio da análise semivariográfica, interpolação dos dados por krigagem e construção de mapas de isolinhas. Todos os atributos físicos analisados apresentaram dependência espacial, uma vez que nenhum deles mostrou efeito pepita puro. Pôde-se verificar através dos mapas que houve uma relação muito clara entre a infiltração e os demais atributos físicos do solo, observando essa correlação principalmente na parte superior sudoeste da encosta. | ABSTRACT: The physical conditions of the soil are directly related to management practices and relief format. Lack of proper management can lead to soil erosion and consequent degradation of these areas. Currently, studies of spatial variability analysis to enable better decisions and resolutions of such problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of soil water infiltration, soil density and texture in the hilly area of the degradation process. The survey was conducted in the hilly area cultivated with grassland, located between Areia and Remigio, two towns from Paraíba state. The soil was sampled at the regular grid with mesh (20x20m) between sample points, making a total of 49 points, into two depths, 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, totaling 98 samples. The analyze of spatial variability was doing by semivariogram geostatistical analysis, with data interpolation by kriging and make maps. All of them physical attributes analyzed presents spatial dependence since no one showed pure nugget effect. It was verified through the maps that there was a very clear relationship between infiltration and other soil physical characteristics, observing this correlation mainly in the upper southwest slope.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS DO SOLO EM ÁREA DE ENCOSTA SOB PROCESSO DE DEGRADAÇÃO 全文
2015
FRANCIEZER VICENTE DE LIMA | GUTTEMBERG DA SILVA SILVINO | RICHARDSON SOARES DE SOUZA MELO | ELDER CUNHA LIRA | THIAGO DE SOUZA RIBEIRO
The physical conditions of the soil are directly related to management practices and relief for- mat. Lack of proper management can lead to soil erosion and consequent degradation of these areas. Currently, studies of spatial variability analysis to enable better decisions and resolutions of such problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of soil water infiltration, soil density and texture in the hilly area of the degradation process. The survey was conducted in the hilly area cultivated with grassland, located be- tween Areia and Remigio, two towns from Paraíba state. The soil was sampled at the regular grid with mesh (20x20m) between sample points, making a total of 49 points, into two depths, 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm, totaling 98 samples. The analyze of spatial variability was doing by semivariogram geostatistical analysis, with data inter- polation by kriging and make maps. All of them physical attributes analyzed presents spatial dependence since no one showed pure nugget effect. It was verified through the maps that there was a very clear relationship be- tween infiltration and other soil physical characteristics, observing this correlation mainly in the upper south- west slope.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]SAANEN CARCASS QUANTITATIVE AND Longissimus dorsi QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDING WITH PROTECTED FAT 全文
2015
ANA PAULA SILVA POSSAMAI | CLAUDETE REGINA ALCALDE | PAULA ADRIANA GRANDE | NATALIA HOLTZ ALVES PEDROSO MORA | FRANCISCO DE ASSIS FONSECA DE MACEDO
Twenty-eight uncastrated male Saanen goat kids, on a feedlot, with an average slaughter weight of 28 kg were used to evaluate the effects of feeding goat kids with metabolizable energy levels by the addition of protected fat to the diet. The effects on the quantitative characteristics of the carcass and qualitative characteristics of the loin were assessed. The animals were randomly distributed into one of the four groups: one control group (without protected fat) was fed a diet containing 2.5 Mcal of metabolizable energy/kg dry matter (ME/kg DM). The other three groups were fed diets containing 2.6, 2.7 or 2.8 Mcal of ME/kgDM, using protected fat to increase the energy levels. The carcass quantitative characteristics were not influenced by the diets; however, a reduction was observed on the days of the feedlot and slaughter age for the animals fed protected fat diets. The short length and fat thickness in the loin has improved from diets with protected fat addition. The muscle, fat and bone proportions and the chemical composition of the Longissimus dorsi were similar between the diets. There was an increase in the fatty acid profiles of the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic and linolenic and improvements in the total omega-3 levels and the ratios of omega-6: omega-3. The protected fat can be used to feed Saanen kid goats as an alternative, increasing the energetic density of the diets up to 2.8 Mcal of ME/kg DM with improvements on the omega-3 quantity. And it can also be used to increase the ratio of omega-6:omega-3 in the Longissimus dorsi.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]CONSERVAÇÃO DE INFLORESCÊNCIAS DE HELICÔNIAS PREVIAMENTE ADUBADAS COM DOSES CRESCENTES DE NITROGÊNIO E POTÁSSIO 全文
2015
GENILDA CANUTO AMARAL | MÁRKILLA ZUNETE BECKMANN-CAVALCANTE | LEONARDO PEREIRA DA SILVA BRITO | MARLUCE PEREIRA DAMASCENO LIMA | JOSY ANTEVELI OSAJIMA
CONSERVAÇÃO DE INFLORESCÊNCIAS DE HELICÔNIAS PREVIAMENTE ADUBADAS COM DOSES CRESCENTES DE NITROGÊNIO E POTÁSSIO 全文
2015
GENILDA CANUTO AMARAL | MÁRKILLA ZUNETE BECKMANN-CAVALCANTE | LEONARDO PEREIRA DA SILVA BRITO | MARLUCE PEREIRA DAMASCENO LIMA | JOSY ANTEVELI OSAJIMA
The post-harvest of floral stems is one of the main features observed in the production of flowers for cutting, becoming a prerequisite for product quality and successful marketing. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the conservation of heliconias inflorescences with or without renewal of the water maintenance, previously fertilized with increasing doses of nitrogen and potassium. Inflorescences of Heliconia psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cultivar Golden Torch were used and grown in open conditions in the Floriculture area at UFPI, city of Bom Jesus, Piauí State under increasing doses of fertilization with N and K. The stems were harvested in the morning, standardized and placed in containers with 500 mL of water. The design was a randomized block in factorial 4 x 4 x 2, corresponding to: i) N doses (0, 120, 180, and 240 g N hole-1 ), ii) K doses (0, 120, 180, and 240 g K2O hole-1 ), and iii) renewing the water maintenance in vase (with and without renewal) with three replicates of three stems each. Some evaluations were observed during the Study, such as: the water uptake by the flower stems; loss of fresh weight of the flower stems, dry weight of the flower stems and post-harvest longevity. The dose of 180 g hole-1 both as N and K provided the longevity of the flower stems with quality maintenance. The absorption of water by the flower stems and its dry mass after harvesting are influenced by previous fertilizer N and K. The renewal of the water maintenance also positively influence the longevity of flower stems and its a management indicated to maintain quality post-harvest.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]CONSERVAÇÃO DE INFLORESCÊNCIAS DE HELICÔNIAS PREVIAMENTE ADUBADAS COM DOSES CRESCENTES DE NITROGÊNIO E POTÁSSIO 全文
2015
AMARAL, GENILDA CANUTO | BECKMANN-CAVALCANTE, MÁRKILLA ZUNETE | BRITO, LEONARDO PEREIRA DA SILVA | LIMA, MARLUCE PEREIRA DAMASCENO | OSAJIMA, JOSY ANTEVELI
RESUMO: A longevidade das hastes florais é um dos principais aspectos observados na produção de flores para corte, constituindo-se um pré-requisito para a qualidade do produto e sucesso da comercialização. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a conservação de inflorescências de helicônias com ou sem renovação da água de manutenção, previamente adubadas com doses crescentes de nitrogênio e potássio. Foram utilizadas inflorescências de helicônias da espécie Heliconia psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cv. Golden Torch cultivadas a céu aberto no Setor de Floricultura da UFPI, Bom Jesus (PI), sob doses crescentes de adubação com N e K. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 x 2, correspondendo a: i) doses de N (0, 120, 180 e 240 g de N cova1); ii) doses de K (0, 120, 180 e 240 g de K2O cova-1); e iii) renovação da água de manutenção (sem e com renovação) com três repetições e três hastes cada uma. Fora realizado a avaliação de absorção de água pelas hastes florais, perda de massa fresca das hastes florais, massa seca das hastes florais e longevidade pós-colheita. A dose de 180 g cova-1 tanto de N quanto K proporcionou a maior longevidade das hastes florais com manutenção da qualidade. A absorção de água pelas hastes florais e sua massa seca após a colheita foram influenciadas pela adubação prévia de N e K. A renovação da água de manutenção também influenciou positivamente na longevidade das hastes florais, sendo um manejo indicado para manter a qualidade pós-colheita. | ABSTRACT: The post-harvest of floral stems is one of the main features observed in the production of flowers for cutting, becoming a prerequisite for product quality and successful marketing. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the conservation of heliconias inflorescences with or without renewal of the water maintenance, previously fertilized with increasing doses of nitrogen and potassium. Inflorescences of Heliconia psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cultivar Golden Torch were used and grown in open conditions in the Floriculture area at UFPI, city of Bom Jesus, Piauí State under increasing doses of fertilization with N and K. The stems were harvested in the morning, standardized and placed in containers with 500 mL of water. The design was a randomized block in factorial 4 x 4 x 2, corresponding to: i) N doses (0, 120, 180, and 240 g N hole-1), ii) K doses (0, 120, 180, and 240 g K2O hole-1), and iii) renewing the water maintenance in vase (with and without renewal) with three replicates of three stems each. Some evaluations were observed during the Study, such as: the water uptake by the flower stems; loss of fresh weight of the flower stems, dry weight of the flower stems and post-harvest longevity. The dose of 180 g hole-1 both as N and K provided the longevity of the flower stems with quality maintenance. The absorption of water by the flower stems and its dry mass after harvesting are influenced by previous fertilizer N and K. The renewal of the water maintenance also positively influence the longevity of flower stems and its a management indicated to maintain quality post-harvest.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]ESTRUTURA DA VEGETAÇÃO EM REMANESCENTES DE CAATINGA COM DIFERENTES HISTÓRICOS DE PERTURBAÇÃO EM CAJAZEIRINHAS (PB) 全文
2015
ALAN CAUÊ DE HOLANDA | FRANCISCO TADEU DANTAS LIMA | BRENO MOURA SILVA | RAMON GUANAES DOURADO | ALLYSON ROCHA ALVES
The Caatinga is one of the least known biomes in terms of structure and floristic composition, worrying aspect because it undergoes an intense process of human disturbance. With this assumption, we car- ried out a phytosociological survey of adult vegetation and natural regeneration in areas with different histories of disturbance. For a sampling of the shrub/adult tree and natural regeneration, settled in a systematic, 18 sam- pling units in each area (Habitat I and Habitat II), with dimensions of 10 x 25 m and 10 x 5 m respectively. Individuals were surveyed adults with CAP ≥ 6.0 cm, and natural regeneration measured the individuals taller than 0.5 m and CNB <6.0 cm. Habitat II in the were sampled 1155 individuals belonging to 6 families and 12 species, and the habitat I was sampled 286 individuals belonging to three families and six species. The diversity index was 1.5 and 0.23 for Nats.individual - 1 Habitat II and habitat I respectively. We sampled 636 individuals in natural regeneration, being habitat I in 360 and 276 in the Habitat II. The diversity index of natural regenera- tion for the Habitat II and habitat I were 1.21 and 0.8 Nats.individual - 1 . It was concluded that human activities were able to change the vegetation structure and species diversity in both habitats significantly.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]RELAÇÕES ENTRE CARACTERES DE PIMENTÃO PROVENIENTES DE SEMENTES COM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA 全文
2015
RÉLIA RODRIGUES BRUNES | ALESSANDRO DAL\u2019COL LÚCIO | MARCOS TOEBE | DIOGO VANDERLEI SCHWERTNER | FERNANDO MACHADO HAESBAERT
RELAÇÕES ENTRE CARACTERES DE PIMENTÃO PROVENIENTES DE SEMENTES COM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA 全文
2015
RÉLIA RODRIGUES BRUNES | ALESSANDRO DAL\u2019COL LÚCIO | MARCOS TOEBE | DIOGO VANDERLEI SCHWERTNER | FERNANDO MACHADO HAESBAERT
This study aimed to identify the relationship between morphological variables and production variables in bell pepper plants derived from seeds of different physiological levels. The experiments were car-ried out in a randomized block design with eight replications in a protected setting at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Treatments included three lots of hybrid Tiberius seeds and one lot of Rubi Giant seeds during Spring-Winter and Autumn-Winter season with different levels of physiological quality as shown by vigor and germination tests. The following characters (variables) were measured: plant height, first fork height, stem di-ameter, and stem diameter below the first fork after 50 days, 70 days and 90 days of transplanting, average weight of fruits, average production per harvest, total production, average fruit length, and average width of fruits. Next, for each level of vigor was estimated the correlation matrixes, multicollinearity diagnosis, and then path analysis, considering the total production as the main variable.Plants derived from high-, low- and medium vigor seeds whose first fork diameters were greater after 50 days and 70 days of transplanting are more produc-tive during Spring-Winter seeding. Coefficients of correlation and effect of low magnitude were identified in vigor levels (being high, low, medium, and extremely low) during Autumn-Winter season, indicating a weak relationship between cause and effect of explanatory variables measured on total fruit production of bell pepper.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]RELAÇÕES ENTRE CARACTERES DE PIMENTÃO PROVENIENTES DE SEMENTES COM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA 全文
2015
BRUNES, RÉLIA RODRIGUES | LÚCIO, ALESSANDRO DAL'COL | TOEBE, MARCOS | SCHWERTNER, DIOGO VANDERLEI | HAESBAERT, FERNANDO MACHADO
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as relações entre as variáveis morfológicas e produtivas das plantas de pimentão provenientes de sementes com diferentes níveis de qualidade fisiológica. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em ambiente protegido na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), no delineamento blocos ao acaso, com oito repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três lotes de sementes do híbrido Tiberius e um lote da cultivar Rubi Giant nas estações de cultivo primavera-verão e outono-inverno, com diferentes níveis de qualidade fisiológica com base nos testes de germinação e vigor. Foram mensurados os seguintes caracteres (variáveis): altura de planta; altura da primeira bifurcação; diâmetro do caule; diâmetro do caule abaixo da primeira bifurcação aos 50, 70 e 90 dias após o transplantio; peso médio de frutos; produção média de frutos por colheita; produção total; comprimento médio de frutos; e largura média de frutos. A seguir, para cada nível de vigor, foi estimada a matriz de correlação de Pearson, o diagnóstico da multicolinearidade e, posteriormente, a análise de trilha, considerando a produção total de frutos como variável principal. As plantas obtidas a partir de sementes de vigor alto, médio e baixo, com maior diâmetro da primeira bifurcação aos 50 e 90 dias após o transplantio, são mais produtivas na estação de cultivo primavera-verão. No outono-inverno foram verificados coeficientes de correlação e efeitos diretos de baixa magnitude para todos os níveis de vigor, indicando fraca relação de causa e efeito das variáveis explicativas mensuradas sobre a produção total de frutos de pimentão. | ABSTRACT: This study aimed to identify the relationship between morphological variables and production variables in bell pepper plants derived from seeds of different physiological levels. The experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with eight replications in a protected setting at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Treatments included three lots of hybrid Tiberius seeds and one lot of Rubi Giant seeds during Spring-Winter and Autumn-Winter season with different levels of physiological quality as shown by vigor and germination tests. The following characters (variables) were measured: plant height, first fork height, stem diameter, and stem diameter below the first fork after 50 days, 70 days and 90 days of transplanting, average weight of fruits, average production per harvest, total production, average fruit length, and average width of fruits. Next, for each level of vigor was estimated the correlation matrixes, multicollinearity diagnosis, and then path analysis, considering the total production as the main variable.Plants derived from high-, low- and medium vigor seeds whose first fork diameters were greater after 50 days and 70 days of transplanting are more productive during Spring-Winter seeding. Coefficients of correlation and effect of low magnitude were identified in vigor levels (being high, low, medium, and extremely low) during Autumn-Winter season, indicating a weak relationship between cause and effect of explanatory variables measured on total fruit production of bell pepper.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]FARINHA DO ENDOCARPO I DO BABAÇU NA FORMULAÇÃO DE DIETAS PARA OVINOS 全文
2015
HEMILLY CRISTINA MENEZES DE SÁ | IRAN BORGES | GILBERTO DE LIMA MACEDO JUNIOR | JOSÉ NEUMAN MIRANDA NEIVA | LUCIANO FERNANDES SOUSA
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different additions of flour I endocarp of babassu on consumption and digestibility in diets. Twenty uncastrated male sheep were distributed in a completely ran-domized into four treatments with five replicates per treatment. The animals received experimental diets isoca-loric and isonitrogenous (zero, 7.5%, 15%, 22.5%). The dry matter intake as a function of body weight and metabolic weight decreased linearly with the inclusion of flour I Endocarp in the diet. The apparent digestibil-ity coefficients demonstrate the occurrence of a linear decrease with the inclusion of by-product in the diet. Nitrogen balance was positive with all inclusion levels, decreasing with larger inclusions in a linear response. The inclusion of this byproduct promotes change in score of the feces. The flour endocarp I of babassu present-ed the typical features of consumption and digestibility of forages. The inclusion of by-product in diets for lambs should stand at 7.5% inclusion.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]CRESCIMENTO E PRODUTIVIDADE DE CLONES DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA NO SEMIÁRIDO E RELAÇÕES COM VARIÁVEIS METEOROLÓGICAS 全文
2015
THIERES GEORGE FREIRE DA SILVA | JORGE TORRES ARAÚJO PRIMO | JOSÉ EDSON FLORENTINO DE MORAIS | WELLINGTON JAIRO DA SILVA DINIZ | CARLOS ANDRÉ ALVES DE SOUZA | MARIA DA CONCEIÇÃO SILVA
The objective was to evaluate the performance of growth and productivity of three cactus for-age clones, resistant to Cochineal Carmine, grown under irrigated conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The clones evaluated were: IPA Sertânia (IPA), Miúda (MIU) and the Orelha Elefante Mexicana (OEM), be-tween February 2010 and February 2012, in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco. To the end of the crop cycle morphological data were obtained from plants (canopy height and width, cladode total number, cladode number by order of emergence and cladode area index) and cladode (length, width, thickness, perimeter and area), and crop productive parameters (crop fresh and dry matter yield, and final density of plants per hectare). Path anal-ysis was applied to evaluate the influence of meteorological variables (global solar radiation, air temperature and relative humidity, wind speed and rain) on the growth of cactus forage. It was found that the OEM and IPA were those who stood out most of the morphological characteristics. But, in terms of cladode number, the MIU is the clone of greater emission (> 35 units), however it has been demonstrated as the clone less productive in terms of fresh mass (117.5 t ha-1), along with the IPA. The OEM stood out as the most productive clone (163.0 t ha-1). However, there was no difference in productivity in dry basis between the clones (12.6 ± 2.0 t ha-1). The IPA has the highest mortality of plants (10.4%). Meteorological variables showed effect lower on the evolution of crop growth (< 33.1%).
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]INDICADORES DE QUALIDADE DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO NA MESORREGIÃO DO AGRESTE PARAIBANO 全文
2015
GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA SILVA | DJAIL SANTOS | ALEXANDRE PAIVA DA SILVA | JEORGE MEDEIROS DE SOUZA
INDICADORES DE QUALIDADE DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO NA MESORREGIÃO DO AGRESTE PARAIBANO 全文
2015
GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA SILVA | DJAIL SANTOS | ALEXANDRE PAIVA DA SILVA | JEORGE MEDEIROS DE SOUZA
Cropping systems modify soil attributes and may change its quality.The work had the objective to evaluate the changes in physical, chemical and biological soil under organic farming systems (soils cultivated organically for more than seven years), in conversion to organic and conventional, with reference to the soil under native forest, and identify the attributes used as indicators of soil quality. Three areas of farm crops, located in the municipalities of Areia, Remígio, and Lagoa Seca, the state of Paraíba, Brazil were selected, and soil samples deformed collected in the layers 0-10 and 10-20 cm. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, the Tukey Test, and the Principal Component Analysis. There was a reduction of soil density (Ds) and increased porosity (PT) in the system of organic farming compared to cropping systems in conversion organic and conventional. The contents of phosphorus and organic carbon (CO), the base sum (SB), cation exchange capacity (CTC), light particulate organic matter (MOPL), carbon particulate organic matter light (CMOPL), edaphic respiration (RE) and pH of soils under organic cultivation are higher than soils under conventional tillage.The growing organic basis contributes to the maintenance of soil quality under similar conditions and/or even better than the condition forest and, under the conditions of this study, the most appropriate indicators to analyze the cultivation organic basesare Ds, PT, CO, MOPL, CMOPL, pH, SB, CTC e RE.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]INDICADORES DE QUALIDADE DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE USO NA MESORREGIÃO DO AGRESTE PARAIBANO 全文
2015
SILVA, GERÔNIMO FERREIRA DA | SANTOS, DJAIL | SILVA, ALEXANDRE PAIVA DA | SOUZA, JEORGE MEDEIROS DE
RESUMO: Os sistemas de cultivo modificam os atributos do solo, podendo alterar sua qualidade. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações nos atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos de solos sob sistemas de cultivo orgânico (solos cultivados organicamente há mais de sete anos), em conversão para orgânico e convencional, tendo como referência o solo sob mata, assim como identificar os atributos a serem utilizados como indicadores de qualidade do solo. Foram selecionadas três áreas de propriedades agrícolas, localizadas nos municípios de Areia, Remígio e Lagoa Seca, Paraíba, para a coleta de amostras de solo deformadas, nas camadas de 0-10 e 10-20 cm. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA, Teste de Tukey e Análise de Componentes Principais. Houve redução da densidade do solo (Ds) e aumento da porosidade total (PT) no sistema de cultivo orgânico comparado aos sistemas de cultivo em conversão para orgânico e convencional. Os teores de fósforo e de carbono orgânico (CO), a soma de bases (SB), a capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC), a matéria orgânica particulada leve (MOPL), o carbono da matéria orgânica particulada leve (CMOPL), a respiração edáfica (RE) e o pH dos solos sob cultivo orgânico foram superiores aos obtidos nos solos sob cultivo convencional. O cultivo em bases orgânicas proporcionou a manutenção da qualidade do solo em condições semelhantes e/ou melhores que a condição de mata e para as condições deste trabalho os indicadores mais adequados para analisar o cultivo em bases orgânicas foram Ds, PT, CO, MOPL, CMOPL, pH, SB, CTC e RE. | SUMMARY: Cropping systems modify soil attributes and may change its quality.The work had the objective to evaluate the changes in physical, chemical and biological soil under organic farming systems (soils cultivated organically for more than seven years), in conversion to organic and conventional, with reference to the soil under native forest, and identify the attributes used as indicators of soil quality. Three areas of farm crops, located in the municipalities of Areia, Remígio, and Lagoa Seca, the state of Paraíba, Brazil were selected, and soil samples deformed collected in the layers 0-10 and 10-20 cm. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, the Tukey Test, and the Principal Component Analysis. There was a reduction of soil density (Ds) and increased porosity (PT) in the system of organic farming compared to cropping systems in conversion organic and conventional. The contents of phosphorus and organic carbon (CO), the base sum (SB), cation exchange capacity (CTC), light particulate organic matter (MOPL), carbon particulate organic matter light (CMOPL), edaphic respiration (RE) and pH of soils under organic cultivation are higher than soils under conventional tillage.The growing organic basis contributes to the maintenance of soil quality under similar conditions and/or even better than the condition forest and, under the conditions of this study, the most appropriate indicators to analyze the cultivation organic basesare Ds, PT, CO, MOPL, CMOPL, pH, SB, CTC e RE.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SINTOMAS, ÍNDICES BIOMÉTRICOS E TEORES DE NUTRIENTES EM MAMONEIRA SOB DEFICIÊNCIA DE MICRONUTRIENTES 全文
2015
GUILHERME AMARAL DE SOUZA | PAULO JORGE DE PINHO | ANA ROSA RIBEIRO BASTOS | ÉLBERIS PEREIRA BOTREL | JANICE GUEDES DE CARVALHO
The current work had the objective to characterize the visual symptoms of nutrient deficiencies, single and multiple, in castor bean cultivar Guarani, as well as their effects on dry matter and biometrical index. The experiment was carried out in culture solution with randomized blocks with six treatments and four repli-cations. The treatments were represented by control, then the Hoagland and Arnon (1950) control, omission of iron (-Fe); multiple omission of iron and zinc (-FeZn), omission of manganese (-Mn), multiple omission of manganese and zinc (-MnZn) and omission of zinc (-Zn). Castor bean plants under single Zn omissions did not show visual symptoms, however multiple omission of this nutrient increased the symptoms intensity and re-duced the plant height. In such results, the symptoms of Zn deficiency were observed. The nutrients content, in leaves, were more affected by the treatment -FeZn, while the stem contents were affected under Zn omissions. The nutrient omission, single or multiple, in culture solution caused morphological changes and turn into a vis-ual symptoms, altered the dry matter, biometrical index and nutrient contents in castor bean plants.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]COMUNIDADE EPIFÍTICA DE SYAGRUS CORONATA (MART.) BECC. (ARECACEAE) EM ÁREAS DE PASTAGENS NA CAATINGA, BAHIA 全文
2015
ULDÉRICO RIOS OLIVEIRA | FABIO DA SILVA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO | IVAN ANDRÉ ALVAREZ
The aim of this study was to provide information on the ecology and floristic composition of vascular epiphytes on specimens of licurizeiro (Syagrus coronata), palm tree native to the Brazilian Backlands, whose individuals were isolated in pasture areas in the municipality of Várzea da Roça - BA. The epiphytic species were classified according to their ecological category and dispersion forms. The vascular epiphytes were represented by 26 species, 21 genera and seven families, and Bromeliaceae (8 spp.), Cactaceae (7 spp.), Polypodiaceae (4 spp.) and Orchidaceae (3 spp.) the most representative. The true holoepiphytes and accidental epiphytes were the most frequent categories, gathering, respectively, 42.31% and 30.76% of the species inven-toried. Regarding the dispersion forms, it is observed the predominant of zoochoric species (14 spp.) while anemochoric were represented by 12 species. The results show the importance of licurizeiro in the maintenance of the epiphytic community in areas of Caatinga and show its role as maintainer of biological diversity in an-thropogenic environments.
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