The objective of the present experiment was evaluate the effect inter cropping systems with the culture of the maize on the production components, aiming at to maximize the grain production and to increase availability of pastures for animal feeding. The treatments had consisted of the culture of DKB-950 maize (Hybrid Simple Modified), on three grassy species of (Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania) inter cropping systems and conventional tillege of soil. In foundation one applied 0, 35, 50 and 4 kg ha-1 of N, P, K and Zn respectively in the sulphate form of ammonium, simple superphosphate, potassium sulphate and zinc Sulphate. In covering it applied if 120 kg ha-1 of N. the used espaçamento was of 0,80 x 0,20 m, The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, with four repetitions. The components of the production of the maize had not been affected by the studied systems of inter cropping, except for the number of spikes and production of grains, where the maize cultivated inter cropping systems with Brachiaria decumbens (4.787 kg ha-1) was better that the Tanzania (3.683 kg ha-1). The accumulation of dry mater presented significant difference between the treatments, in the which Tanzânia presented greater accumulates of dry mater.

Studied biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) in four constants temperatures (20º, 25º, 30º, 32ºC) and with fotofase of twelve hours. With to determinate and goal termic constant of differents fases with the biologic cycle and avaliate the behavior in differents temperatures, viewing the zoneament ecologic in Piauí State. The temperature effected markedly the biologic cycle of the insect the graving and less termic. The bases temperature of the period of the egg, larva, pupa and the cycle total were 13,28; 13,07; 15,29; 13,84ºC, respectively and the constantly termics 35,56; 251,76; 96,57; 381,01 degree-days, respectively. Through the totally the degrees days the probably numbers annually of the insect for the Piauí State that various of 10,7 the 12,6.

The work was conducted in Acauã site, in Caucaia - Ceará State, in a "semi-árida" coast region. The objective was to evaluate thermal stress occurrence and his possible impact on ovulation induction treatment efficiency, onset of estrous behavior of dairy Goats from different breeds. Twenty two adult goats were utilized: 10 Saanen, 4 American Alpines and 8 ½ Murciana x undefined breed, raised in installations with high floor, side windows and sunny areas. The estrous induction treatment was conducted using vaginal sponges with MAP, intramuscularly Cloprostenol and eCG. In the environment were registered air temperature and humidity, Radiant Heat Load and Black-Globe Humidity Index. Rectal temperature was similar between breeds and partum order. Respiratory rate was higher in Alpine goats. The induction treatment and estrous behavior interval was similar in ½ Murciana x undefined breed goats and Saanen goats and higher in Alpines and multiparous goats. The fertility rate at 1st AI was lower in ½ Murciana x undefined breed goats and multiparous goats.

The sweet potato stands out as one of the most important vegetables for Northeastern cookery, being source of energy and mineral salts. This work was driven with the objective of evaluating the propagation in vitro of you cultivars of sweet potato under different concentrations of BAP (6_Benzilaminopurina). The adopted statistical design was it entirely randomized, in factorial scheme 5 x 5, with 10 repetitions. The first factor consisted of 5 sweet potato cultivars (ESAM 1, ESAM 2, ESAM 3, California and Branca RJ) and the second of 5 concentrations of BAP (0.0; 1.25; 2.50; 3.75 and 5.0 ¿Mol L-1). You cultivate them appraised they answered the concentrations of the growth regulator distinctly. In all of the studied cultivars the presence of calluses was influenced by the concentrations of BAP.

An experiment was carried out, in order to evaluate the saline aspect of the substrate with biofertilizer on seedling formation of yellow passion fruit irrigated with different saline water. A completely randomized design was used, with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement 5 x 3 x 2, referring to water salinity levels (0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4,0 dS m-1), substrate volumes (1, 2 and 3 L), in absence and presence of biofertilizer bovine. The following variables were registered at the end of the experiment: pH, electrical conductivity of water and exchangeable sodium percentage. The increase of irrigation water salinity, independently of biofertilizer use, drastically enhanced the substrate salinity, from not saline to saline and strongly saline. No there was definition of the values of PST among substrate volumes. Electrical conductivity values of the saturation extract were higher for substrate with lower volume.

This paper reports the first occurrence of insect-pest Carpophilus hemipterus L. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) infesting dog food collected in Viçosa, Minas Gerais in the period may 2008.

With the objective of evaluate the changes in the physical-chemistry characteristics of the soil cultivated with bell pepper, fish effluent, natural phosphate and cow manure, an experiment was accomplished in the vegetable garden of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido-UFERSA. A randomized complete block design in split plot scheme with two replications within of block. In the plot the water types were designated (well water and fish effluent), in the subplot the treatments of the factorial 2x2, resulting from the combination of two match levels (with and without natural phosphate) with two cow manure levels (with and without cow manure), and in the sub-plot the evaluation times (before and after the bell pepper culture). Soil samples were collected before and after the bell pepper cultivation of 0-20 cm depth. After the assembly of the overhead irrigation and distribution of the treatments, it was collected of each plot a soil sample for the accomplishment of the physiochemical analyses. To verify the alterations happened in the soil with the treatments, after the last crop, to the 100 days after culture. Two sources of irrigation waters were used. The first originating from of a tubular well. And second of a Orecochomis niloticus cultivation. The appraised characteristics in the soil before and after the cultivation they were: chemical analysis of the soil (nitrogen, match, organic matter).

This work was carried out under greenhouse conditions to evaluate the growth and the mineral nutrition of the stylosanthes in response to levels of sugar-cane bagasse used as substrate for multiplication of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and tested as inoculant. Randomized blocks design was used in a 4 x 3 factorial, being four levels of the sugar-cane bagasse (5, 10, 15 and 20% of the volume of the pot of 6 L) and three microbiology treatments (Control; Native Inoculum and Glomus clarum), with four repetitions. The shoot were harvested 60 days after seeding and it was analyzed the dry matter yield (DM) and root (DMR), the accumulations of crude protein (CP), P, K, Ca, Mg and S; the mycorrhizal colonization, density of spores and number of nodules. The sugar-cane bagasse promote lineal increment in the production of DM independent of the mycorrhizal inoculation. In of DMR, there is interaction between levels of sugar-cane bagasse and microbiology treatments. The inoculation with the native inoculum increases the accumulated amounts of P, K, Ca, Mg and S; the density of spores and number of nodules, the same not happening for the Glomus clarum. Crude protein and mycorrhizal colonization were not influenced by the treatments.

The objectives of this work were to determine the genetic correlation and define the strategies for obtain maize cultivars for traditional production system. For that, the white maize landrace population was rescued in Barbacena, MG and two experiments were installed with 100 half sib progenies using lattice triple in Barbacena and Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. The estimates of correlations were different for each local requiring different strategy for trait selection due to contrast edaphoclimatic condition. The additive genetic correlationswere significant among primary production components and the productivity. On the other hand, the additive genetic correlations among primary and secondary production components were non significant. The traits related with flowering showed genetic correlation with productivity and primary production components, but not for secondary production components. Concluded that the increasing of productivity can be reached with direct or indirect selection for all environments; the indirect selection for number of plants/ area and number of plants with ears with kernels can be viability strategy in experiments in the small producers or by themselves instead of to select directly the productivity; the selection for increasing productivity without change the plant architecture is possible and adequate for traditional production system.

The semiarid is characterized for presenting precipitations concentrated in short period of time, form that to most of the year the ground are displayed the strong insolation and to the raised hídrico deficit. On the other hand, the estacional variation of the climate affects the water content of the ground and as consequence the biological activity and the losses of C, mineral N and C-CO2.The purpose of this research was to analyze the losses of C, mineral N and C-CO2 of the ground in a microbasin, that passes for a process of environmental degradation, located in the Fazenda Experimental Bacia Escola/CCA/UFPB in São João do Cariri - PB, during the period of a translation, of the years of 2003 and 2004. It was defined a toposequence and chosen points of determination for the evaluation of the reserves of carbon, mineral nitrogen and microbic activity by means of the C-CO2 production. The biggest amounts of C had been verified in the areas of pediment and the minors in the area of side slopes; The amounts of mineral N was not influenced by the position of the ground in the toposeqüência; The biggest liberation of C-CO2 happened in the areas of pediment followed by the flood plain and half hillside, places with the biggest amount of of water in the soil.