The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization, applied in covering, on the yield and quality of sugarcane (Saccharum ssp., variety SP- 716949) under irrigation. The experiment was conducted in an area of the Miriri`s distillery, in the Capim district, PB. The treatments were constituted by four levels of covering fertilization: AC1- 85 kg ha-1 ( 44 kg de N plus 41 kg de K2O), AC2 - 167 kg ha-1 (86 kg de N plus 81 kg de K2O), AC3 - 305 kg ha-1 (157 kg de N plus 148 kg de K2O), AC4 - 458 kg ha-1 (236 kg de N plus 222 kg de K2O), arranged in an experimental design of randomized blocks, with three replications. The analyzed variables were: productivity of stems, percentage of ºBrix, Pol and PCC, yield of sugar and alcohol. Among of studied variables, just the productivity of stems was affected significantly (p < 0.05) by the fertilization. The regression analyses revealed that the largest productivity of the stems (108.21 t ha-1), the maximum percentage of PCC and ºBrix (14.35 e 20.40%) and the maximum yield of alcohol (9948 L ha-1) were obtained with the level of covering fertilization of 458 kg ha-1 (236 kg de N plus 222 kg of K2O).

This work was carried out in an area covered by the caatinga (savanna-like) vegetation in order to study insect-plant interactions, with emphasis on the pollination agents of the Apoideae superfamily. The study site is situated in the municipality of Caturité, Paraíba, Northeast Brazil (7o 25' 12" S; 36 o 1' 37" W). Plant species visited by bees were identified, as well as the Hymenopterans considered as their visitors. Sixteen Angiospermae species from nine families were identified as being associated to bees in the woody and herbaceous strata. The most visited plant families were Fabaceae (50%) and Anacardiaceae (12.5%). Anandenanthera macrocarpa (Benth) and Senna spectabillis had the greatest numbers of visitors (85% and 57% respectively). Among the pollinating bees, the one which visited more plant species was Trigona spinipes (Fabricius). It was found visiting 81.25% of the plant species under study.

It had the aim to evaluate chemical composition functioning of two systems, three planting densities and four height of plant. It had been used randomized blocks an sub-divided parcels of factoring 2x3x4 with 5 repetition being two soil management (with/without camalhao) three densities of planting (6666; 3333 and 2500 plants/ha) and sub-parcels four planting cutting (5, 15, 30 and 45 cm). Studied variable were: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), non-fibrous carbohydrates e total, (NFC) (CT). Management system and others did not influence (P>0.05), CP mean with medium value of 11%, NDF and ADF were affected (P<0.01) only by soil management and cutting height. System linking and other had influenced (P<0.01) CNF mean. Soil management system as planting density did not influence (P>0.05). CHOT mean with medium value of 78.0%.

This study was carried out in order to evaluate the production and nutritional status yellow passion fruit plants, cultivar IAC 273/277+275 in functions of the water depths irrigation and plants number by cave. The experiment was developed in randomized blocks, using split plot with three replications. The water depths irrigation of 5.3; 7.9; 10.5 and 13.1 mm were the plots and the plants number per hole 1, 2, 3 and 4 were the subplots. The water depths irrigation and plants number by cave exercise significant effect on fruits production but without effect on mineral composition in dry matter of plant leaves. The number of plants increased the production of fruits by cave but it decreased the unitary production by plant. In treatments with four plants per hole were cropped 150 fruits. The supply of water at level of 10.61 mm day-1 induced more production by yellow passion fruits in treatments with four plants per hole.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect two hybrids of maize, cultivated on "safrinha" conditions, in different rates of 08-28-16 formula. The treatments consisted of two hybrids of maize (DKB747 e CO32) cultivated in no-tillage system (SPD) and five rates of fertilizer 08-28-16 (100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 kg ha-1). The randomized block design was used, with subdivided splots and four replications. The maize was sowed on 02/03/2006 using seeder pneumatic of mechanics traction, with four individual lines, spaced of 0.45 m During maize flowering period, morphologic components were evaluated; the harvest occurred on 150 days after the sowing, when the production components were evaluated. The hybrid of maize DKB747 showed greater efficiency, while the hybrid of maize CO32 was more responsive to rates used. NPK rates on 08-28-16 formula above 300 kg ha-1 are not necessary to the hybrid CO32 cultivated on "safrinha" conditions, in Botucatu region, state of São Paulo.

To evaluate the utilization of the biofetilizer substituting nutrient solution in hydroponic lettuce was carried out the study in greenhouse at Environmental Science Departament of the UFERSA, located in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. The statistical test was realized in randomized blocks, with thee repetitions. Treatments were composed of five nutrient solution (Biofertilizer - T1; Biofertilizer + 25% of the mineral nutrient solution - T2; Biofertilizer + 50% of the mineral nutrient solution - T3; Biofertilizer + 75% of the mineral nutrient solution - T4 and mineral nutrient solution - T5). The fresh and matter biomes, leaf area, diameter of caulis and number of leaf was analyzed. The T5 treatment showed better response in relation to growth parameters and production of hydroponic lettuce, demonstrating that in a hydroponic requires high levels of nutrients readily available to meet the rapid and high nutrient demand.

The present work had as main objective to identify and to characterize rural producers as well as it productive systems. The characterization of the small producing native of northeastern Brazil, supported in a scientific knowledge about the local agricultural reality, is fundamental to elaborate politics of diffusion of technologies, programs and projects of agricultural development for the northeast. The disorganization of the productive chain and the little articulation among the different segments of this chain, allied the lack of zootecnic control, to the genetic standard bass of the flocks and the technical, managerial less information and of market of the producers it has been resulting in low productive indexes dedicated to the exploration of the cattle raising in Brazil. For initiative of the Clerkship of Agriculture of Quixeramobim a questionnaire was elaborated in partnership with IBAMA, SEBRAE and EMATERCE. The same was applied in the 11 districts of the municipal district in an eclectic and including way, in order to obtain a sampling the most representative possible. The great totality of the producers maintains a typical profile of the family agriculture, with emphasis in the subsistence, little technological progress and little specialization. Turning them less competitive and more susceptible to the adversities, be of physical, climatological, managerial nature or the commerce.

This work was carried in commercial areas cultivate with muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.), variety AF- 646, in the municipal district of Acaraú, state of Ceará, Brazil. The investigation was split in four treatments: hand cross pollination, open pollination in presence of the honey bee hives, open pollination and resricted pollination. The observed variables were: rate of fruit set, fruit weight and seed number of fruits. The hand cross pollination showed the best effect to number of fruit set, fruit weight and seed number of fruits, following to open pollination in presence of the honey bee hives, open pollination and resricted pollination, without fruit set. Considering the melon cultivated at open fields and during the dry season in NE Brazil, it is possible to conclude that it depends on biotic pollinators and that honeybees promote efficientily the pollination.

The objective this work was to evaluate the effect of microbial and chemical insecticides on the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in the development initial phase of crop corn. The work was lead in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do sul, in Cassilândia (MS) city. The treatments had been: 1) control; 2) fipronil; 3) thiametoxan; 4) Beauveria bassiana (0,5 kg of p.c/ha), 5) Beauveria bassiana (1 kg of p.c/ha), 6) teflubenzuron and 7) spinosad, in the doses and recommended way of application. After the tenth second after the emergency of the plants (DAE), had been day applied the treatments in foliar spraying (PF), being evaluated to the 2, 9, 15 and 21 days after the application (DAA), the number of small caterpillars (lesser that 1,5 cm) for parcel in 20 showed plants. The applied results show that teflubenzuron and spinosad in PF to the 12 DAE had been most efficient (71 and 83% respectively). The microbial¢s insecticides had not differed significantly from the chemical insecticides in the percentage of plants attacked for the pest and the 15 and 21 DAA.

The desertification generates and accents the scarcity of vital natural resources for the survival human being, as drinking waters, alone agriculturist and vegetation. Implying in social and economic problems in the affected areas. Recently the remote sensing and the techniques of geoprocessing has been used in diverse areas of the research, mainly in the ambient monitoring of Brazil. For its great territorial extension the application of these tools is of great importance in the country, has seen that if it can thus carry through diagnostic of areas of difficult access by means of transports and in accordance with the secular resolution of the effective satellites can be carried through a monitoring of these areas. The present study it has as objective to analyze the evolution of the process of desertification through the NDVI in the region of the Hinterland of the State of Pernambuco through a secular series of images Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) that it includes years 1994, 1997 and 2001. It was applied the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land - SEBAL, this algorithm calculated the albedo and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for each pixel of the images. It was verified that the characteristic vegetation of the region diminished its area, showing that the analyzed areas meet in process of loss of the vegetation that can lead to the desertification process.