The summary and the conclusions presented here are based on the results of four case studies, three for drinking water and one for soil and water conservation. The cases were selected from the projects under the Sino-German IESP ("Integriertes Ernaehrungssicherungsprogramm"; Integrated Food Security Programme) in Shandong, People's Republic of China. The aim of the study was to do an economic analysis of the selected cases, in order to answer questions about the sustainability ofthe projects' benefits. The selected drinking water projects include the deep well in Quanziyu village, the big-mouth well in Mawo, and the cisterns in Xiyu. The projects vary in technology, age, and village context (e.g. village size and wealth). The soil and water conservation project covers the whole water catchment area around Mawo village. All projects are located in the county of Pingyi, except for Xiyu, which belongs to Yishui county. In the section A, the main results and conclusions from the drinking water case studies are presented. After a brief introduction, the main findings are explained in general. Next, the situation of each project, as related to costs and water charges, is described in more detail. Finally, an overview of the results from the benefit analysis is given. The section B deals with the main results and conclusions concerning the soil and water conservation project. The results from the financial appraisal of all project components taken together are summarised, before the individual components are described separately.

Este trabalho procurou correlacionar a estrutura anatômica dos intestinos médio e posterior com o habito alimentar de duas especies onívoras de Teleostei da bacia do rio Salo Francisco: Leporinus reinhardti e Brycon lundii. A disposição das circunvoluções do intestino médio não sofre variações nos exemplares das diferentes classes de tamanho das duas especies. Os coeficientes intestinais de Leporinus reinhardti e de Brycon lundii, respectivamente 1,15 e 0,86, corroboram a relação estabelecida entre o comprimento do intestino e o habito alimentar. O padrão da mucosa dos intestinos médio e posterior, em especial a disposição transversal das pregas, deve contribuir para a retenção do material alimentar por período de tempo maior. | This study correlates the anatomic structure of the middle and posterior intestines with the feeding habit of two Teleostei species of the São Francisco River Basin, Leporinus reinhardti and Brycan lundii, both omnivorous. The arrangement of middle intestine circunvolutions did not vary in exemplars of different size classes, of both species. The relative gutlength value (intestine coefficient) of Laporinus reinhardti and Brycan lundii, 1.15 and 0.86, respectively, corroborates the relationship established between gut length and feeding habit. The mucous pattern of the middle and posterior intestines, especially the transverse folds disposition, may contribute to alimentary stock retention for a longer time.

The overall and specific migrations of BADGE n = 0 monomer and m-XDA hardener from a BEPOX LAB 889 (Gairesa internal code), epoxy system cured at room temperature, into three water-based food simulants are studied. Hydrolysis of BADGE n = 0 was observed in all of these simulants, giving more polar products. We thus propose changing the EEC Directives, which at present only legislate for levels of BADGE n = 0 monomer in the simulants, to include the hydrolysis products of BADGE monomers. Another alternative would be to express all the migration levels due to BADGE and its derived products in terms of BADGE itself.

Neste trabalho foi estudada anatomia de estômago de Prochilodus marggravíi e Prochilodus affinis. Em ambas as espécies, a adaptação da região pilórica ao regime alimentar é evidente. Em função da espessa túnica muscular e do padrão da mucosa, essa região gástrica pode ser atribuída a trituração de alimento, que é deglutido sem sofrer preparação pré-cárdica. | In this study the anatomy of the stemach of tha Prochilodus marggravíi and Prochilodus affinis was investigated. In both species the adaptation of the pylotic region to feeding habit is evident. Duo to the thick tunica muscularis and pattern of the mucosa, one can attribute to this gastric region the trituration of food which is swallowed without undergoing precardic preparation.