A hipótese intrínseca é, normalmente, a mais utilizada por ser menos restritiva; quando comparada com as demais hipóteses da geoestatística exige apenas a existência de estacionariedade do semivariograma, sem nenhuma restrição quanto à existência de variância finita. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a estacionariedade de dados de umidade em um Espodossolo Humilúvico. Os dados foram coletados em um transeto contendo 128 pontos, espaçados a cada 3 m. O conteúdo de água no solo foi determinado nas camadas de 0,0-0,2 m, 0,2-0,4 m e 0,4-0,6 m. A análise estatística demonstrou que os dados apresentaram distribuição de frequência lognormal. Os valores de umidade variaram com as variações de relevo. Houve estacionariedade do semivariograma para as três profundidades estudadas. A análise de fragmentos do transeto apresentou estabilidade da média e do semivariograma confirmando que a estacionariedade é muito mais exceção do que regra pois, como um todo, os dados também apresentaram semivariogramas bem definidos e sem tendência. | The intrinsic hypothesis is usually the most utilized because it is less restrictive compared to the other hypotheses of the geostatistics, requires only the existence and stationarity of the semivariogram, without any restriction as to the existence of finite variance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stationarity of humidity data in a Humiluvic Spodosol. Data were collected on a transect containing 128 points, spaced every 3 m. The soil water content was determined in the layers of 0-0.2 m, 0.2-0.4 m and 0.4-0.6 m. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the data presented lognormal frequency distribution. The moisture values varied with signage variations. There was stationarity of the semivariogram for the three studied depths. The analysis of fragments of the transect had stability of mean and semivariogram, confirming that stationarity is much more exception than rule, because the data as a whole also showed semivariograms well defined and without tendency.

Land subsidence due to aquifer-system compaction accompanying groundwater extraction is a global hazard. Rising urban construction and groundwater demand necessitate increased awareness and better understanding of the geological problem. Motivated by the lack of laboratory-scale studies on this issue, an experimental investigation on the newly developed Tongchuan region, China, is presented. The study addresses the deformation behaviors of three soil samples, with the lithology of silty clay, silt, and fine sand, under the conditions of groundwater withdrawal and recharge using the GDS Consolidation Testing System. Results indicate that all three samples were characterized by elastic–plastic deformation under the conditions of withdrawing and recharging. The vertical deformation of the silty clay in the aquitard above the first confined aquifer was larger than those of the other two samples, and its deformation is a gradual and long process; thus, considerable attention should be paid to deformation in this aquitard due to the apparent creep effect and tiny rebound deformation. However, the settlement of the fine sand in the second confined aquifer cannot be ignored due to the great thickness of the aquifer. For the same soil, as the pore-water pressure declined, the unit rate of vertical deformation decreased gradually, whereas the creep effect of deformation in the later declining stage of pore-water pressure was more apparent than that in the former declining stage. These observations are highly important to the local government, which is developing measures to prevent and control subsidence.