O conhecimento do comportamento estatístico da água armazenada no solo é um dos fatores de maior importância na determinação das necessidades de irrigação e drenagem, em qualquer região. Foi concebida, neste estudo, uma variável representativa do saldo potencial de armazenamento de água no solo, a nível mensal. O comportamento estatístico desta variável foi caracterizado pela análise de frequência de séries sintetizadas, a partir de modelos estocásticos. As séries históricas empregadas no ajuste dos modelos estocásticos, foram obtidas através da aplicação de um balanço hídrico mensal, considerando diversas combinações de capacidades de armazenamento de água no solo e métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiracão. A metodologia foi aplicada a séries de dados coletados em postos climatológicos, situados na região da bacia do rio Vacacaí, na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Esta região foi escolhida em função da grande quantidade de dados disponíveis, distribuídos em séries que variam de 13 a 32 anos. Os resultados obtidos podem ser utilizados para determinar as probabilidades de ocorrência de déficits e excessos hídricos, para combinações variadas de solo e cultura, na região estudada. | The knowledge of the statistical comportment of water storaged in the soil is one of the most important factor to determine the necessities of irrigation and [drainage], in any region. Therefore, in this work, a representative variable of the potential net water storage in the soil was developed, in a monthly period. The statistical comportment of this variable was characterized by the frequency analysis of generated series by stochastic models. The historic data samples used to fit the stochastic models were obtained by application of a monthly water balance, considering several combinations of soil water storage capacity and evapotranspiration estimative methods. The methodology was applied to the data samples from climatological stations, located in the region of the Vacacai river basin, at central region of Rio Grande do Sul State - Brazil. This region was chosen due to the large quantity of available data records, distributed on series which vary from 13 to 32 years. The obtained results can be used to estimate the probabilities of droughts and water excesses occurrence in multiple combinations of soil and plant, in the region analyzed.

Se contempla la realización de un Diseño de agua potable y alcantarillado de la Ciudad Mariscal Cáceres sector I Canto Grande en el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho, departamento de Lima. Considerando su ubica¬ción, límites, topografía, clima y aspectos sociales. En el aspecto técnico se considera dotaciones de agua de acuerdo a la realidad de escasez de agua que afecta a la ciudad de Lima. Se menciona la fuente de abastecimiento describiendo su uso combinado, así como el esquema general. Se señalan las pautas que hay que seguir en el diseño de la red de agua potable y alcantarillado y cálculos realizados con el apoyo de programas de computación. En la elaboración del expediente técnico se han tomado en cuenta las recomendaciones dadas por SEDAPAL y el Ministerio de Vivienda y Construcción. El expediente consta de Memoria Descriptiva a nivel de obra, Metrados, Análisis de Costos Unitarios, Presupuestos, Fórmulas Polinómicas, Especificaciones Técnicas y Relación de Planos. | Tesis

A research was carried out at the Experimental Station of the University of Concepcion in Chillan, to determine: a) The water requirements for highbush blueberries during their first year after plantation. b) The growth response obtained from highbush blueberries, when watered by microjet or by drip irrigation with increasing levels of water reposition. c) The crop coefficients Kc recommended. The statistical experimental design was a completely random block, in a factorial arrangement with two treatments, four subtreatments and four replications. The plantation of the Bluetta variety was made with plants brought from shading, in October 1990. The planting was done at 1.5 by 3.0 meters. The treatments consisted of two irrigation methods: microjet and drip. The subtreatments consisted in the reposition of 15%, 30%, 45% and 80% of the potential evapotranspiration, calculated on the basis of a class A evaporation pan, located at the site of the experiment. The main conclusions of this research are: 1. The plants that were drip irrigated grew more than those irrigated by microjet. 2. In microjet irrigation, the best growth was obtained with a level of reposition of 45% of the potential evapotranspiration. Levels around 60% of the ETpot were excessive and detrimental to growth. 3. In drip irrigation, the best growth was obtained with a level of reposition of 60% of the potential evapotranspiration with the possibility of obtaining an even better growth if more water were applied. 4. The highest water demand occurs in February with a real evapotranspiration of 15.24 liters per plant/day for microjet irrigation and 18.62 for drip irrigation. The maximum crop coefficient Kc for February were 0.556 for microjet irrigation and 0.679 for drip irrigation.

7 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 cuadros. | [EN] Information concerning continental runoff is necessary to estimatewater fluxes and biogenic element budgets in the Rias, using a box model.Horton’s law was applied to compute the volume of fresh water entering Ria deArosa in summer 1989. Its validity was compared with historical data, based ona sampling frequency of twice a week. | [ES] Para el control de los flujos de cuerpos de agua y balances de elementos biogénicos en las Rías a través del modelo de cajas es necesario el seguimiento de los aportes de agua continental. Se estudia la aplicación de la Ley de Horton en la estimación de los caudales de agua dulce vertidos a la ría de Arosa durante el período estival de 1989, una vez comprobado con datos históricos su validez para una frecuencia de muestre0 de dos días por semana. | Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto MAR88-0245 de la CICYT y por la Consellería de Pesca de la Xunta de Galicia | Peer reviewed