Cadastral measurements of land parcels are conducted under the guidance of territory planning documents designed by resolutions of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania which in turn regulate the collection of real property cadastral data. However, not always boundaries of the measured land parcels correspond to the documents of territory planning and factual consumption of land. This problem becomes obvious when measuring agricultural land which is most frequently formed in land management schemes during the land reform. The aim of the research is to analyze the correspondence of land parcels after cadastral measurements to the documents of territory planning, identifying discrepancies between line lengths and areas of land parcels. Having investigated the correspondence of agricultural parcels to territory planning documents on the basis of the line lengths designed, it was found that higher line lengths occurred after conducting cadastral measurements. Having identified discrepancies between the areas of agricultural parcels and territory planning documents, one can make an assumption that significant differences could be noticed which manifest inadequacy existing in territory planning documents.

The problem of abandoned agricultural land is relevant in Lithuania, particularly in the territories where poor soils are dominant. The aim of this research is to analyze the statistics of abandoned land in poor soil regions by different estimation methods. The abandoned land was registered for the purposes of the research. Areas might be determined by using statistical data and by applying the results of a distant research method. The initially obtained data showed large differences among the areas of abandoned land determined by different calculation methods, and this might cause a lot of problems, in particular when clarifying the validity of the land taxation. Therefore the initial data of the research concerning abandoned land should be essentially revised. The results of abandoned land accounting and evaluation (inventory) in each territory should be checked and confirmed by the committee of qualified specialists. The reasons of abandonment should be determined for each land plot, and further use of the plot should be determined. Plots of abandoned agricultural land should be estimated for each parcel of the private land and registered in the cadastre data as additional information for estimation of the land tax.

The aim of the research was to identify the change of abandoned lands in Ūdrija cadastral area of Alytus district. This particular area was selected due to the diversity of land cover objects and because of a good agrarian condition. According to the data of 2010, the cadastral area of Ūdrija had 176 plots of abandoned land with the total area of 61.41 ha. After the verification 179 plots of a land were found, with the total area of 62.84 ha. It can be said that there is a minor increasing tendency of abandoned lands. During field verification as many as 41 mismatches were identified. The mismatch of the data was influenced by two main factors: a two year period between the information of the data set and field verification, as well as errors of the data set. To sum up, the information of verification has changed slightly. It happened because some mismatches were positive (identified new areas of abandoned land), while others were negative (plots of land which were in a set of data were denied during the verification).

Peculiarities of farming land usage in southern Lithuania are analyzed in the article. The analysis of archival data and cartographical material reflecting the structure of farming land in Marijampolė, Šakiai, Kazlų Rūda, Alytus, Lazdijai and Vilkaviškis municipalities was accomplished. Information was taken from yearbooks and archives of public institutions of the Republic of Lithuania and other sources as well. It was determined after analysis of collected information that usage and location of cultivated land greatly depend on the land’s productivity. The largest amount of undeclared farming land is in the districts where the land less favourable for farming is dominant. The analysis of the period of last 10 years has shown that the area of farming land decreased by 753 ha in Lazdijai district and by 194 ha in Vilkaviškis district, but increased by 5.5 ha in Alytus district on average per annum.

The development of GIS technologies, of Earth remote sensing methods, improvement of the legal basis, as well as differences in approaches of creation and functioning of the cadastral systems puts on the agenda the task of using a unified methodological approach for the creation of the cadastral systems. It is particularly relevant during the period of integration and globalization of economic, sociopolitical, scientific and cultural, educational and other programs of different countries and, especially, of the countries of the European Union. The purpose of this research is to attempt to improve the structure of cadastral system with regard to land parcels registration outlining the main directions of scientific and practical research meant for the modernization of the cadastre. The results of the research are suggestions and recommendations about the possibility of creating a unified register of cadastral objects, land parcels in particular, as well as the list of scientific tasks aimed at the modernization and improvement of the cadastral system. The conclusions show that the cadastre should be regarded as the state informational and registration system of geospatial position of the objects, their quantitative and qualitative assessment and legal status at this stage of development of technical, techno-logical and legal trends. In a scientific sense, the cadastre is a branch of science which studies the patterns and principles of formation, functioning and preservation of cadastral objects, information about them and their register.

The main reason of land fragmentation in Latvia was the restitution of ownership rights to former landowners or their heirs, as well as the land acquisition by other persons in the process of the land reform. As a result the ownership structure was obtained which is not competitive in the aspect of production efficiency. Different instruments as land consolidation, land reallotment and others can be applied for the reduction of land fragmentation. The reduction of land fragmentation should play an essential role in the use of the land corresponding to the spatial development plans which determines perspective land use. Therefore the improvement of the ownership structure should be one of the stages of land use planning.

The research is analysis of forest cadastre plots in Lithuania, which are not on forest land, but are covered with forest. The research was carried out in Dubrava regional division of the Lithuanian State Forest Enterprise. The study covers the forest districts of Ežerelis, Karmėlava, Padauguva, Sitkūnai and Vaišvydava. The main aim of the article is analysis of self-growing forest growth on non-forest land. Data from the Forest Cadastre of Lithuania (non-forest plots covered with forest) were used for the research. In this research were analysed orthophotographic maps of different periods (1995–2023), soil spatial data and other spatial data set. 135 non-forest land plots covered with forest in the Forest Cadastre, with a total area of 146 ha were found after analysing 5 forest districts. Reasons of self-growing is land abandonment, small plots sizes, less productivity of the land and lack of land reclamation.

This article examines the impact of the Russian Federation’s full-scale aggression in Ukraine on the market of land surveying and topographic-geodetic services. The study found that the market for land surveying services decreased by 60–70% due to restrictions in the functioning of the land cadastral system, the introduction of the permit procedure for field geodetic works, and the adaptation of procedures for granting land to citizens during wartime conditions. Technological limitations, such as the use of GNSS networks at the beginning of the war, also played a role in the decline of the industry. The article highlights the prospective needs for land surveying work for post-war reconstruction, including accounting for war damage and mapping affected territories, spatial planning for affected communities, infrastructure restoration, and land reclamation in areas where hostilities took place. The article provides insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by the land surveying industry in Ukraine during wartime conditions and emphasizes the importance of adopting appropriate strategies for recovery and growth. It is shown that despite the war, the development of the industry depends on further digitalization, improvement of the cadastral system, gradual liberalization of access to cadastral geodata, the introduction of special rules for regulating the activities of the surveyor in the territories where hostilities were fought.

The purpose of the article is to consider the institutional foundations of the rational use of agricultural land in a multicultural economy. The formation of land use is faced with the acute problem of organizing a sustainable competitive land use, ensuring a high level of marketability of production and a sufficient level of profitability in conditions of the developing land market. This article discusses the rational use of agricultural land in a multicultural economy, taking into account structural and resource indicators. The efficiency of land use in farms with different land ownership depends on increasing labour productivity, strengthening the economic regime, increasing the intensification of production, using internal reserves and agricultural production opportunities, and, especially, rational use of land. The greatest efficiency of production and use of land has been achieved in large agricultural formations, where high-performance equipment is used, crop rotations are observed, and there is greater availability of credit resources, subsidies, and leasing. The monitoring data of the Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Statistics for 1.01.2020 indicate that 93.7% of peasant farms have a land area of up to 500 hectares. To the greatest extent, small-earth peasant farms have become widespread in the southern region, where the share in the total number of up to 50 hectares is 90.1%, while in the northern region only 8.1%, central — 3.9%, and western — 11.3%. In this regard, the tasks of preserving productive agricultural lands, and optimizing arable land and acreage in terms of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land become a priority. The solution to these tasks is connected with the improvement of technologies for maintaining and increasing the bio-productivity of agricultural lands, the development of technologies for rational land management, land use, and land protection, the creation of effective organizational and legal mechanisms for managing agricultural lands, as well as the development of state monitoring of agricultural lands. Optimization of land use in farms and agricultural enterprises of based on the proposed methodology, taking into account state support measures, will create a basis for a new stage in the development of land reform and will create incentives for the effective use of agricultural land.

The article generalizes theoretical and practical addition to the components of mathematical processing of geodetic measurements, which are the basis and used to support work in land management and cadastre. The research identifies general components of mathematical processing of geodetic measurements and components which are primarily used in the field of land management and cadastre. Completed investigation of the theoretical and practical foundations of these components and developed theoretical and practical additions improve the results of mathematical processing of geodetic measurements.