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The analysis of access to land property
2014
Parsova, D., Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development, Riga (Latvia)
The aim of the article is to discuss practical issues of establishing the access to land property during the land reform as well as today, and to propose solutions to the identified problems. The methods of research include the analysis of scientific literature and legal acts as well as the case study and the analysis of documents. In this article several proposals are made. It is proposed that the law should include the condition that the establishment of servitudes is allowed only in rural areas and only as an exception if the access from the state or municipal road cannot be granted. The legal solution must be found for the servitudes without the dominant property which have been established during the land reform. The right for local authorities to determine the dominant property should also be considered. The suggestions may be used to elaborate legislative proposals.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Verification of set of abandoned lands' data by the field method
2014
Gudritiene, D., Aleksandras Stulginskis Univ., Akademija, Kauno reg. (Lithuania) | Jasiniauskaite, R., Aleksandras Stulginskis Univ., Akademija, Kauno reg. (Lithuania)
The aim of the research was to identify the change of abandoned lands in Ūdrija cadastral area of Alytus district. This particular area was selected due to the diversity of land cover objects and because of a good agrarian condition. According to the data of 2010, the cadastral area of Ūdrija had 176 plots of abandoned land with the total area of 61.41 ha. After the verification 179 plots of a land were found, with the total area of 62.84 ha. It can be said that there is a minor increasing tendency of abandoned lands. During field verification as many as 41 mismatches were identified. The mismatch of the data was influenced by two main factors: a two year period between the information of the data set and field verification, as well as errors of the data set. To sum up, the information of verification has changed slightly. It happened because some mismatches were positive (identified new areas of abandoned land), while others were negative (plots of land which were in a set of data were denied during the verification).
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Agricultural land use and ecological farming in the Krekenava regional park
2014
Ivaviciute, G., Aleksandras Stulginskis Univ., Akademija, Kauno reg. (Lithuania);Kaunas Forestry and Environmental Engineering Univ. of Applied Sciences (Lithuania);Klaipeda State College (Lithuania)
The analysis of the declared agricultural land and ecological farming situated in the Krekenava regional park (RP), which is situated in the Middle Lithuania, is presented in the article. The Naujamiestis subdistrict was chosen for the comparison of the use of agricultural lands and ecological farming in the regional park. In 2011, the total agricultural land and crop area declared in the Krekenava Regional Park was 8184.19 ha, i.e. by 317.89 ha or 3.74 percent less than in 2009. 371 family farms were declared, i.e. by 53 farms less in comparison with 2009. In 2009, the declared area of agricultural lands in Naujamiestis subdistrict covered 9877.66 ha and it made up 63.32 percent of the total subdistrict’s area. 359 farmers introduced declarations. The average area of the declared farms was 27.51 ha. In 2011, the declared area of the agricultural lands was 9851.33 ha i.e. smaller than 26.33 ha or 0.27 percent less than in 2009. The number of declared farmers in 2011 was 329, i.e. by 30 farms or 9.12 percent less than in 2009. Ecological farming is relevant to protected areas. The article analyzes the Krekenava RP and Naujamiestis subdistrict’s farms applying ecological farming tools. The analysis of the 2009- 2011 period showed that the declared areas in Krekenava RP have decreased, and the area of farms applying organic measures has increased by 81.69 hectares (nearly 2.5 times). The number of farmers applying organic farming measures in Naujamiestis subdistrict has increased twice and 12 farms i.e., 3.63 per cent of the declared ones had organic farms in 2011, the analyzed area was increased by 581.55 hectares or 3 times.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]European vertical reference system in Baltic countries
2014
Celms, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Bimane, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Reke, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia)
At the moment all three Baltic countries – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – use Baltic Normal Height System 1977 as a national height system. But the European Union regulations declared the European Vertical Reference System as a national height system. For height transformation there is a transformation formula for each European country. After calculations it is seen that height difference between Baltic Normal Height System 1977 and the European Vertical Reference System depends on point location in the territory (coordinates). This unequal height difference between both height systems will cause unequal height values on border connection points between the Baltic countries.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Land management against land/real estate degradation
2014
Pomelov, A., Belarussian Research Inst. on Land Management, Geodesy and Cartography, Minsk (Belarus)
The article concentrates on problems of land/real estate degradation in Belarus, as well as on the ways of solving them by means of land management. The analysis of various documents resulted in the conclusion that there is a lack of a unified conceptual and terminological framework with regard to the following terms and concepts: ''degradation'', ''land degradation'', ''degraded lands'', ''land conservation/protection'', ''real estate degradation'' and others. The concepts of ''land parcel'' and ''real estate unit'' are compared. As an effective tool for combating degradation of land and real estate the article offers more efficient use of land management system developed for this purpose, as well as other legislative, institutional, organizational and technological measures.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Meteorology monitoring of the precipitable water vapour distribution in the atmosphere based on operational GNSS data processing at reference station network ZAKPOS
2014
Savchuk, S., Lviv Polytechnic National Univ. (Ukraine) | Kablak, N., Uzhhorod National Univ. (Ukraine) | Kalynych, I., Uzhhorod National Univ. (Ukraine) | Reity, O., Uzhhorod National Univ. (Ukraine)
Remote monitoring of the atmosphere is designed to obtain information about the state of the atmosphere. The principle of the remote monitoring system of the atmosphere is based on the registration and processing of spacecraft radio signals of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The wet tropospheric delay component of the electromagnetic signal (Δρ sup(tropo) sub(w)), which is derived from the GNSS observations data analysis, is used to calculate the water vapour content in the atmosphere. It is well known, that this parameter is critical to meteorologists, because the water vapour content in the atmosphere is a key parameter in the construction of numerical weather modelling. In this article the IWV - Integrated Water Vapour has been estimated and the expected accuracy of its determination on the basis of the operational GNSS data processing from reference station network ZAKPOS and the results of aerologic sensing of the atmosphere are given.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Research of national geodetic network elevations at Eastern part of Latvia
2014
Celms, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Ratkevics, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Rusins, J., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia)
Along with the development of the technological possibilities, the Global Positioning Satellite System (GNSS) is increasingly used in geodetic measurements. Using GNSS, measurements are performed in horizontal plane as well as for point elevation determination. The aim of the article is to demonstrate that the GNSS measurements’ static mode has a high accuracy. To achieve the aim the following objectives were set: 1) to perform global positioning measurements in Class I national leveling network, 2) to calculate the elevation above the sea level, 3) to evaluate the accuracy of performed GNSS measurements. The following research methods were used: static measurement method and analytical method for comparison of the obtained data.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Statistical and distant cartography data of abandoned (unused) land
2014
Gudritiene, D., Aleksandras Stulginskis Univ., Akademija, Kauno reg. (Lithuania) | Abalikstiene, E., Kaunas Forestry and Environmental Engineering Univ. of Applied Sciences (Lithuania)
The problem of abandoned agricultural land is relevant in Lithuania, particularly in the territories where poor soils are dominant. The aim of this research is to analyze the statistics of abandoned land in poor soil regions by different estimation methods. The abandoned land was registered for the purposes of the research. Areas might be determined by using statistical data and by applying the results of a distant research method. The initially obtained data showed large differences among the areas of abandoned land determined by different calculation methods, and this might cause a lot of problems, in particular when clarifying the validity of the land taxation. Therefore the initial data of the research concerning abandoned land should be essentially revised. The results of abandoned land accounting and evaluation (inventory) in each territory should be checked and confirmed by the committee of qualified specialists. The reasons of abandonment should be determined for each land plot, and further use of the plot should be determined. Plots of abandoned agricultural land should be estimated for each parcel of the private land and registered in the cadastre data as additional information for estimation of the land tax.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Analysis of land with self-growing trees in Lithuania
2024
Abalikstiene, Edita | Gudritiene, Daiva | Salkauskiene, Vilma
The research is analysis of forest cadastre plots in Lithuania, which are not on forest land, but are covered with forest. The research was carried out in Dubrava regional division of the Lithuanian State Forest Enterprise. The study covers the forest districts of Ežerelis, Karmėlava, Padauguva, Sitkūnai and Vaišvydava. The main aim of the article is analysis of self-growing forest growth on non-forest land. Data from the Forest Cadastre of Lithuania (non-forest plots covered with forest) were used for the research. In this research were analysed orthophotographic maps of different periods (1995–2023), soil spatial data and other spatial data set. 135 non-forest land plots covered with forest in the Forest Cadastre, with a total area of 146 ha were found after analysing 5 forest districts. Reasons of self-growing is land abandonment, small plots sizes, less productivity of the land and lack of land reclamation.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Impact of climate changes on agricultural land use in Ukraine
2024
Shevchenko, Oleksandr
Climate change threatens crop yields through changes in temperature, precipitation, and more significant changes in weather conditions. Thus, it is important to monitor the potential impact of changing weather parameters on crop yields in order to adapt to climate change. Ukraine is of particular interest in this regard, as this country is an important player in the world grain market due to its large area of agricultural land. Historical climate data already indicate an increase in temperature in Ukraine, and climate forecasts show a further increase in temperature, especially in the South of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to determine the impact of climate change on agricultural land use in Ukraine. The global trends of climate change, which is one of the most urgent threats with a long-term negative impact on the population, the environment and the economy, have been studied. The impact of global climate change on land resources, agriculture, forestry, water resources, energy, infrastructure, biodiversity, public health, emergency situations is analysed. The article describes the most noticeable manifestations of global climate changes on the territory of Ukraine, researches and summarizes their consequences on agricultural land use. The potential impact of climate change on the yield of major agricultural crops and possible economic losses are analysed. The article summarizes the results of studies of the dynamics of changes in climate indicators (air temperature and precipitation), the main consequences and risks of climate change for the agricultural sector of Ukraine are given.
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