This paper aims to find optimal planning solutions for the management of high forests, designed to produce regular wood assortments andfacing with a significant surplus of exploitable stands. In production unit III Șoimu from Tazlău Forest District, the surplus of exploitable stands, determined in relation to forest area, evolved during 1994-2014 from 78.2% to 107.6% of the size of the normal periodic area although, in the same period, the allowable cutting volume increased by 41% (from 13100 to 18500 m3 an-1). Given the difficulties of leading the real growing stock structure to the structure of the normal growing stock, 10 different normalization scenarios have been proposed. Their comparison permitted determining the pattern of normal structure that allows the fastest diminishing of exploitable stands excess and a substantial diminution of exploitability sacrifices in the next 60 years. It has been found that the best scenario corresponds to a rotation of 100 years, divided into four periods, as follows: two periods of 30 and two periods of 20 years. Thus, compared to the solutions provided by current management plan, in the identified scenario, after the first 20 years the growing stock already reaches a small deficit of exploitable stands and, after about 60 years, it reaches a structure very similar to the normal one. In contrast, according to the solutions provided by the current forest management plan, it is estimated that normalization of the growing stock will be achieved in at least 120 years and the exploitability sacrifices will be significantly higher. In addition, periods characterized by high excess of exploitable stands will alternate with highly deficitary periods in exploitable stands and, over about 90 years, the allowable cutting volume will be about 65% lower than the normal one. | În curând

The paper is a brief reminder of moments in the life of Francisc Grudnicki (1926-2016), professor at Faculty of Forestry, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava. He teached the correction of torrents, forest constructions mechanics and material resistance. The author also invoked its moral profile and the quality of mentor of faculty team

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In 2004, the Federal Agency for Forestry launched the international contest for the young foresters, with the unanimous support of the Government of the Russian Federation, of all the forestry companies, the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ), and a large number of governmental and nongovernmental organizations. The International Contest of the Young Foresters takes place annually in important cities, like Moscow or Saint Petersburg. Romania has been invited to all of the editions and took part for the first time in 2011, at the 8th edition. The contest aims at enhancing the students’ knowledge of topics like forest protection, sustainable forest management, the effective use of wood resources based on the current scientific methodology, etc. This year’s contest, held between September 4 and 9, gathered also us, Cezara Gherasim and Alexei Josan, first-year and second-year students respectively, representing the Romanian team. Our project – “The dynamic of the Hylobius Abietis’ capture using traps with synthetic attractants in new vs. old floors”- had the purpose to identify/develop techniques of protecting the conifer seedlings against weevils’ attacks and to confirm the scientists’ researches. The time spent in Russia has been an opportunity for us to visit Saint Petersburg, to meet new people of different nationalities, and to make wonderful memories with amazing people. The whole experience has been a chance to grow professionally, while gaining self-confidence.

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The second session of national conference was held in the 20-21 May 2016 at Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering from Transilvania University of Brasov. To this session took part 21 students from Transilvania University of Brasov, Western University “Vasile Goldis” from Arad and “Stefan cel Mare” University of Suceava. The topics presentations were varied from entomology, hunting, forest harvesting, GIS techniques to NWFP and forest certification. The presentations were scheduled in the first day and in the second day was organized the thematic field trip. The topic of the field trip was the mitigation of bark beetle attacks from Brasov surroundings by installing pheromonal traps. The role of the conference was to help students to improve their communications abilities, to create a web between forestry students from different universities and to prepare a new generation of forest researchers. We are looking forward to participate to the third conference from 2017 which will be held in Suceava

This paper aims to estimate the volume of the harvested wood in two beech stands from North-Eastern Romania. We have installed in 2008 two sample plots of 0.25 hectares each. For each tree, we have recorded the azimuth, the distance to the center and the dendrometric characteristics. Each following year, in March, all the trees of the two plots were inventoried. Thus allow us to identify the harvested trees, with two situations: stump found or whole harvested tree. We have assumed that all harvested trees with remaining stump were cut legally, and we have considered the whole-tree harvesting (with stump removal) as being illegal logging. In the first plot the initial stand volume in 2008 was 459.22 m3 ha-1, while in 2016 the volume was 457.24 m3 ha-1. After 8 years monitoring, we have recorded a volume harvested legally of 43.51 m3 ha-1 (stump existing in the plot) and a volume illegally harvested of 47.16 m3 ha-1 (the trees, including their stump, have disappeared from the plot). In the second plot, the initial volume in 2008 was 461.71 m3 ha-1, and in 2016 the volume was 479.34 m3 ha-1. In this plot, the volume harvested legally was 52.99 m3 ha-1 and the volume harvested illegally (disappeared trees) was 5.92 m3 ha-1. In the first studied plot, 18 trees were legally harvested, and 23 illegally harvested. In the second plot, 14 tress were legally harvested, while 3 trees were illegally harvested. The average diameter of trees harvested illegally is 18.67 cm and the average volume per tree is 0,5 m3 . In average for the two plots, and for the period studied (2008-2016) the volume harvested by illegal whole-tree removal represents half of the legal harvesting. If extrapolating the minimum recorded volume of illegal whole tree removals only to young forest (3,700,000 ha - according IFN - roifn.ro) and to only one third of them considered to be easily accessible to the local population, the volume of illegal whole-tree harvesting may reach almost 1,000,000 m3 year-1. Our results argue that the volume of the illegal whole-tree harvesting is largely underestimated, that the easier accessible stands are the most likely to be affected by the illegal whole-tree harvesting and that the local firewood needs are driving this form of illegal logging

Hunting firearms with smoothbores use multiple missiles (buckshots) or unique missiles (brenneke). As these types of guns have a smooth bore hole, no imprints can be spotted clearly on the missiles, so as to establish the certain type of gun which they belong to. Also, the cartridge cases can be reused, manufacturing manually the ammunition. In this case, it is needed a new primer, which is mounted on the back side of the cartridge case. In fact, the primer represents that part of the cartridge hit by the firing pin, which deforms it irreversibly. On the other hand, the design characteristics of each firearm brand differ from one manufacturer to another. For this reason, it was studied the dynamics of the impact between the firing pin and the primer, at three European firearms brands: IJ, Zastava, Sauer-Bereta. The study focused on the differences which may occur at the impact characteristics (forces, time), and which can lead at least to the identification on the firearm brand.