Honeybees interact strongly with vegetables, air, soil, and water in the vicinity of the hive and, as a consequence, pollutants from these sources are translated to the honeybees and to the hive products. Therefore, over the last decades of the past century, honeybees and honey have been proposed as possible bioindicators for the study of the environmental status of the area surrounding the hive. This work is a critical review on the use of the hive as a passive sampling device and on the use of honeybees and honey as environmental bioindicator substrates for metals and radionuclides. The design of sampling networks, sampling procedures, sample pretreatments, analytical techniques, data analysis, and other influencing factors in this area are also reviewed. | The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author.

Experimental demonstration of direct exploitative competition between foraging honey bees and native bees in wildlands has proven elusive, due to problems of experimental design, scale, and context‐dependence. We propose a different approach that translates floral resources collected by a honey bee colony into progeny equivalents of an average solitary bee. Such a metric is needed by public land managers confronting migratory beekeeper demands for insecticide‐free, convenient, resource‐rich habitats for summering. We calculate that, from June–August, a strong colony gathers as much pollen as could produce 100,000 progeny of an average solitary bee. Analogous to the animal unit month (AUM) for livestock, a hive unit month (HUM) is therefore 33,000 native bee progeny. By this calculation, a 40‐hive apiary residing on wildlands for 3 months collects the pollen equivalent of four million wild bees. We introduce a rapid assessment metric to gauge stocking of honey bees, and briefly highlight alternative strategies to provide quality pasture for honey bees with minimal impact on native bees.

Vespa hornets are notorious predators of honeybees in Korean beekeeping. Detection of vespa hornet attacking on honeybee colony was tried through analysis of wing beat frequency profiling from Vespa mandarinia. Wing beat profiles of V. mandarinia during active flight and resting were distinctively different. From the wing beat profiling, algorithm of automated detection of vespa attack was encoded, and alert system was developed using Teensy 3.2 and Raspberry pi 3. From the laboratory testing, the prototype system successfully detected vespa wing beats and delivered the vespa attack information to the user wirelessly. Further development of the system could help precision alert system of the vespa attack to apiary.

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the application of three types of protein sources of plant origin as a substitute for pollen in bee feeding (Apis mellifera). This investigation was conducted at the Technical University of Ambato, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Cevallos town in Tungurahua province. The variables to be studied were queen posture (PR), final population weight (PPF), pollen production (PDNP), honey production (NDDP) and food consumption. A completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates was used in which 12 hives were used, which were divided into four groups: The first one received a cake-based supplement of soybean meal (T1), the second received a cake-based supplement of pea meal (T2), the third received a cake-like supplement based on lentil flour (T3) and the fourth was the control group (T0). Supplementation was given for eight weeks, once a week, between November and January 2016 and 2017. The results were evaluated with an analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5%. For PR, PPF, PDNP, PDNM and CTP treatments T1 and T2 showed better results with values ​​for T1 PR (4310.3 eggs), increase in population (0.4133 kg), PDNP (1271.7 g) and CTP (266.55 g) and T2 PR 3908.3 eggs), increase in population (0.20 kg), PDNP (1289.3 g) and CTP (240.80 g) respectively. In conclusion, it is recommended to use soybean meal as a protein ingredient in the production of pollen substitutes for bees as it improves the performance of the hive and its cost is lower.

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias. Departamento Académico de Tecnología de Alimentos y Productos Agropecuarios | La apicultura en el Perú, en la mayoría de casos, es una actividad complementaria a la actividad agrícola principal, constituyéndose en una fuente secundaria de ingresos para las familias del ámbito rural. La apicultura es la ciencia de la crianza de abejas de la especie Apis mellifera con el fin de obtener productos de la colmena como la miel, el polen, los propóleos, pan de abejas, cera, jalea real y larvas, entre otros. Esta actividad es de las pocas actividades productivas en las que una mayor producción implica un mayor beneficio para el medio ambiente. Ya que la apicultura se sustenta en que las abejas visitan diferentes fuentes florales con el fin de obtener el polen y el néctar con el que elaboran la miel, y al realizar esta actividad ayudan en la polinización de una gran variedad de especies vegetales silvestres y cultivadas (MINAGRI, 2015). Debido a la poca información que se tiene sobre la industrializar y comercializar la miel de abeja la presente monografía busca aportar información para el procesamiento de la miel de abeja a nivel industrial mediante procedimientos estandarizados, generando un valor agregado en la miel de abeja, describiendo los efectos en la características de la miel de abeja después de la aplicación de tratamiento térmico para su procesamiento, teniendo como indicador de calidad HMF (Hidroximetilfurfural) y también plantea el diseño de un estudio de vida acelerado para la miel de abeja en anaquel usando como parámetros la actividad de la diastasa, Hidroximeilfurfural, y el color. | Apiculture in Peru, in most cases, is a complementary activity to the main agricultural activity, constituting a secondary source of income for families in rural areas. Beekeeping is the science of raising bees of the species Apis mellifera in order to obtain products from the hive such as honey, pollen, propolis, bee bread, wax, royal jelly and larvae, among others. This activity is one of the few productive activities in which greater production implies a greater benefit for the environment. Since beekeeping is based on the fact that bees visit different floral sources in order to obtain the pollen and nectar with which they make honey, and when doing this activity they help in the pollination of a great variety of wild and cultivated plant species (MINAGRI, 2015). Due to the little information that is available about the industrialization and marketing of honey, the present monograph seeks to provide information for the processing of bee honey at the industrial level through standardized procedures, generating an added value in honey, describing the effects on the characteristics of honey after the application of heat treatment for processing, taking as a quality indicator HMF (Hydroxymethylfurfural) and also proposes the design of an accelerated life study for honey on the shelf using as parameters the activity of the diastase, Hydroxymethylfurfural, and the color. | Trabajo de suficiencia profesional