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Evaluation of Microorganisms in Cervical Smears: A Single Institutional Experience 全文
2019
Nasar Alwahaibi | Mai Mohammed Alrubkhi | Usha Rani Bai
Human papilloma virus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) are common microorganisms investigated in the diagnosis of cervical abnormalities, however other microorganisms have received less attention. This study aimed to identify different microorganisms present in cervical smears as well as to determine the association between those microorganisms and cervical abnormalities. A retrospective study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2012, evaluating the presence of microorganisms in cervical smears. The association between the microorganisms and cervical abnormalities was studied by using the odds ratio and relative risk tests. A total of 7112 cervical smears were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 39.13 years (range 17 – 80). Bacteria were the most common microorganism but it showed no association with cervical abnormalities. HPV, HSV and Trichomonas vaginalis are the least common but showed a positive association with a relative risk of 16.59, 7.23 and 1.15 respectively. Bacteria and fungi are the most common microorganisms present in cervical smears but they are not associated with cervical abnormalities whereas HPV and HSV are less common but they are associated with cervical abnormalities.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Phenotypic Detection and Quality Assessment of Indoor Air-Borne Microorganisms Using Passive Air Sampling Technique (Settle Plate) at A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Puducherry 全文
2019
Valentina Y. | Umadevi S.
Microbiological quality of an indoor air is one of the indicators of proper hygienic conditions in a health care hospital. This study intends to assess the bacteriological profile of an indoor air by settle plate method. About 100 air samples were collected from various locations in the hospital by using 5% Sheep blood agar and Sabouraud dextrose agarculture plates. Frequent isolation of common aerobic bacterial flora like Staphylococcus aureus (27.72%) followed by Diptheroids (24.75%), Bacillus spp. (24.09%), Micrococcus (23.43%) were observed. Among fungal isolates Aspergillus niger (25.00%) were more prevalent followed by Zygomyces (23.07%), Fusarium spp. (21.15%), Aspergillus flavus (17.30%) and Aspergillus fumigatus (13.46%) in the hospital environment. Most of the isolates identified were a part of the normal aerobic microbial flora; however, a minimum degree of bacterial and fungal load were observed in the casualty and in the wards due to the constant patient traffic and unrestricted access to patients.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Microencapsulation of calcium lactobionate for protection from microorganisms in a solid phase food 全文
2019
Sáez-Orviz, S. | Camilleri, P. | Marcet, I. | Rendueles, M. | Díaz, M.
Microencapsulation of calcium lactobionate for protection from microorganisms in a solid phase food 全文
2019
Sáez-Orviz, S. | Camilleri, P. | Marcet, I. | Rendueles, M. | Díaz, M.
Prebiotic compounds may be consumed during storage by the foodstuff’s own microflora, so that new processes to protect these bioactive compounds before they are released in the gastrointestinal tract need to be developed. With this aim, lyophilized calcium lactobionate microparticles were designed, employing different coat materials (caseinate, gelatine, gum arabic, maltodextrin and mixtures of gum arabic and maltodextrin), some of which had previously been treated with transglutaminase enzyme. The microparticles were introduced into cottage cheese, as an example of a matrix with low water activity, and were found to exert a successful protective effect against consumption of lactobionate by lactic acid bacteria present in the cheese. Diffusion of the calcium lactobionate to the surface of the microparticles and diffusion of the lactic bacteria into the microparticles were negligible during the tested period. A model was developed to simulate the lactobionate consumption in the microparticles-cheese system. All the microparticles tested had good protective characteristics and no important improvement was observed when transglutaminase was added. Microparticles of sodium caseinate were chosen for the final digestibility analyses. Subsequently, in the digestibility tests, the calcium lactobionate was released from sodium caseinate microparticles in the cottage cheese under both gastric and intestinal conditions. Therefore, this study presents a protective microparticle process for use in functional food products.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Microencapsulation of calcium lactobionate for protection from microorganisms in a solid phase food 全文
2019
Sáez Orviz, Sara | Camilleri, P. | Marcet Manrique, Ismael | Rendueles de la Vega, Manuel | Díaz Fernández, José Mario
This work was financially supported by the Principality of Asturias , by the project GRUPIN IDI/2018/000127.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]SOIL MICROORGANISMS AND STIMULANTS OF SEED GERMINATION 全文
2019
Gennadiy Nikolaevich Fedotov | Valentin Sergeevich Shalaev | Yuriy Pavlovich Batyrev
Background. The study effects of plant growth and development regulators (stimulants), increasing sowing qualities of seeds, on development soil microorganisms. Materials and methods. In study carbon dioxide allocation by systems “germinating seeds – substrate” when testing with live and mortified seeds winter triticale variety “Nemchinovskij 56” managed by entering a certain approximation, to divide and to estimate the carbon dioxide fluxes emitted by microorganisms of soil and seeds. Results. On this basis, it was found that pre-sowing seed treatment with stimulants activates the development soil microorganisms to a much greater extent than accelerates the biochemical processes in the seeds. Moreover, the soils on the effect of accelerated development of microorganisms on the biochemical processes in the seeds differ from each other. The results obtained show that stimulant preparations act not only on seeds, but also on soil microorganisms and, apparently, seed microorganisms, and result of their action on microorganisms to change the rate biochemical processes passage in seeds cannot be predicted in advance, since the pathogens action in soils is unknown. Conclusion. In this regard, it is difficult to expect that development of stimulants using inert substrates without taking into account the interaction these stimulants with soil microorganisms can give positive results.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Biofertilizing potential of a fertilizer based on cienego and native microorganisms in corn seeds 全文
2019
Diaz Castañeda, Claudia-Elizabeth | Daza, D. | Arámbula, Claudia-Ivonne
Digital | In the development of the productive process of stone aggregates, during the stage of washing and extraction of sludge from the decanter wells, a "cienego" sand is produced in an approximate quantity of 24.75 tons per day, of which only 10% per day is commercialized, the remaining 90% must be discarded, causing financial detriment, impact on the environment in terms of pollution by handling the product that is discarded, occupation of useful areas and landscape degradation, among other impacts negatively affecting the companies in the sector, and their environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate a fertilizer based on cienego and three native microorganisms (Azotobacter sp, 1 Azotobacter sp, 2 and Pseudomonas sp) in corn seeds. For this purpose, three native strains of diazotrophic bacteria were isolated from soil samples of oil palm crops in Tibú, located at Norte de Santander, Colombia, which were biochemically identified using traditional culture media. These isolates were inoculated into corn seeds in trays with sterile soil plus ciénego at 70/30 ratio respectively, and the plant growth-promoting effect was recorded every 4 days, by measuring morphological variables such as height, number of leaves, number of roots, length and germination rate. The results showed that Azotobacter sp, 2 treatment presented a higher production of roots, reached greater height (cm), number of leaves and germination rate in comparison to control treatment after 12 days of monitoring, besides directly influencing the percentage of organic matter in the substrate and elements such as calcium, potassium and phosphorus, allowing greater productivity and corn seed yield once these were germinated.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Framing the discussion of microorganisms as a facet of social equity in human health. 全文
2019
Suzanne L Ishaq | Maurisa Rapp | Risa Byerly | Loretta S McClellan | Maya R O'Boyle | Anika Nykanen | Patrick J Fuller | Calvin Aas | Jude M Stone | Sean Killpatrick | Manami M Uptegrove | Alex Vischer | Hannah Wolf | Fiona Smallman | Houston Eymann | Simon Narode | Ellee Stapleton | Camille C Cioffi | Hannah F Tavalire
What do "microbes" have to do with social equity? These microorganisms are integral to our health, that of our natural environment, and even the "health" of the environments we build. The loss, gain, and retention of microorganisms-their flow between humans and the environment-can greatly impact our health. It is well-known that inequalities in access to perinatal care, healthy foods, quality housing, and the natural environment can create and arise from social inequality. Here, we focus on the argument that access to beneficial microorganisms is a facet of public health, and health inequality may be compounded by inequitable microbial exposure.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Quantity, diversity and complexity of subgingival microorganisms in children with plaque-induced gingivitis 全文
2019
Mitova, Nadezhda | Rashkova, Maya | Popova, Christina
Quantity, diversity and complexity of subgingival microorganisms in children with plaque-induced gingivitis 全文
2019
Mitova, Nadezhda | Rashkova, Maya | Popova, Christina
Periodontal diseases, as an important part of oral pathology, have their distinctive characteristics when affecting children and young adults. The aim of this study was to identify the subgingival microorganisms through the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children at the age of puberty who have plaque-induced gingivitis. The subjects of observation were 60 children, aged between 10 and 14, who did not have any systemic diseases: 30 without gingivitis (up to 25% PBI); 30 with clinically diagnosed plaque-induced gingivitis (over 25% PBI). The clinical status of each child was registered using a custom-made medical card. Gingival sulcus samples were taken with a paper pin from six teeth for real time PCR identification based on nine control strains (a comprehensive sample). Samples were transported in standardised containers. The results showed that the average quantities of the tested microorganisms were between 1 × 10² and 1 × 10⁵ microorganisms per sample. There was a trend towards a putative increase in the average quantities of microorganisms, except for Fusobacterium nucleatum, in children with gingivitis as compared to healthy children. There were associations with up to four microorganisms in healthy children. In children with gingivitis, there was greater diversity of microorganisms, with half of the children from this group having associations with 5–7 microorganisms. The subgingival microflora became more complex in children with gingivitis: the predominant group were microorganisms from the red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia) and the frequency of microorganisms from the orange complex also increased.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Quantity, diversity and complexity of subgingival microorganisms in children with plaque-induced gingivitis 全文
2019
Nadezhda Mitova | Maya Rashkova | Christina Popova
Periodontal diseases, as an important part of oral pathology, have their distinctive characteristics when affecting children and young adults. The aim of this study was to identify the subgingival microorganisms through the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children at the age of puberty who have plaque-induced gingivitis. The subjects of observation were 60 children, aged between 10 and 14, who did not have any systemic diseases: 30 without gingivitis (up to 25% PBI); 30 with clinically diagnosed plaque-induced gingivitis (over 25% PBI). The clinical status of each child was registered using a custom-made medical card. Gingival sulcus samples were taken with a paper pin from six teeth for real time PCR identification based on nine control strains (a comprehensive sample). Samples were transported in standardised containers. The results showed that the average quantities of the tested microorganisms were between 1 × 102 and 1 × 105 microorganisms per sample. There was a trend towards a putative increase in the average quantities of microorganisms, except for Fusobacterium nucleatum, in children with gingivitis as compared to healthy children. There were associations with up to four microorganisms in healthy children. In children with gingivitis, there was greater diversity of microorganisms, with half of the children from this group having associations with 5–7 microorganisms. The subgingival microflora became more complex in children with gingivitis: the predominant group were microorganisms from the red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia) and the frequency of microorganisms from the orange complex also increased.
显示更多 [+] 显示较少 [-]Interactions between anaerobic ammonium- and methane-oxidizing microorganisms in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor 全文
2019
Stultiens, Karin | Cruz, Simon Guerrero | van Kessel, Maartje A. H. J. | Jetten, Mike S. M. | Kartal, Boran | Op den Camp, Huub J. M.
The reject water of anaerobic digestors still contains high levels of methane and ammonium that need to be treated before these effluents can be discharged to surface waters. Simultaneous anaerobic methane and ammonium oxidation performed by nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane-oxidizing(N-damo) microorganisms and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing(anammox) bacteria is considered a potential solution to this challenge. Here, a stable coculture of N-damo archaea, N-damo bacteria, and anammox bacteria was obtained in a sequencing batch reactor fed with methane, ammonium, and nitrite. Nitrite and ammonium removal rates of up to 455 mg N-NO₂⁻ L⁻¹ day⁻¹ and 228 mg N-NH₄⁺ L⁻¹ were reached. All nitrate produced by anammox bacteria (57 mg N-NO₃⁻ L⁻¹ day⁻¹) was consumed, leading to a nitrogen removal efficiency of 97.5%. In the nitrite and ammonium limited state, N-damo and anammox bacteria each constituted about 30–40% of the culture and were separated as granules and flocs in later stages of the reactor operation. The N-damo archaea increased up to 20% and mainly resided in the granular biomass with their N-damo bacterial counterparts. About 70% of the nitrite in the reactor was removed via the anammox process, and batch assays confirmed that anammox activity in the reactor was close to its maximal potential activity. In contrast, activity of N-damo bacteria was much higher in batch, indicating that these bacteria were performing suboptimally in the sequencing batch reactor, and would probably be outcompeted by anammox bacteria if ammonium was supplied in excess. Together these results indicate that the combination of N-damo and anammox can be implemented for the removal of methane at the expense of nitrite and nitrate in future wastewater treatment systems.
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