A study was conducted to determine the shelf life viability test of endophytic bacterial Pseudomonas GanoEB3 against Ganoderma boninense and also to determine the efficacy of Pseudomonas GanoEB3 powder to inhibit G. boninense in vitro during storage. Pseudomonas Gano EB3 was formulated as dry formulation using vermiculite as carrier and supplemented with bacterial cell suspension. After six months of storage, viability cell of Pseudomonas Gano EB3 sustained at 10⁷ CFU g-¹and the efficacy of the viable cells in Pseudomonas Gano EB3 powder was 60 percent inhibition of radial growth (PIRG). However, at nine months, the number of viable bacteria cells in powder formulation reduced to 10⁶ CFU g-¹. Pseudomonas Gano EB3 powder stored at room temperature showed low efficacy with 52% of PIRG. Application of vermiculite-based powder formulation of Pseudomonas Gano EB3 in the field will aid the planters in reducing Ganoderma infection in oil palm.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the natural history and factors related to hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) development in glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review was performed for 117 patients with GSD Ia. Kaplan-Meier analysis of HCA progression among two groups of patients with GSD Ia (5-year mean triglyceride concentration ≤500 mg/dL and >500 mg/dL); analysis of serum triglyceride concentration, body mass index SDS, and height SDS between cases at time of HCA diagnosis and age- and sex-matched control subjects. RESULTS: Logrank analysis of Kaplan-Meier survival curve demonstrated a significant difference in progression to HCA between the 5-year mean triglyceride groups (P = .008). No significant difference was detected in progression to adenoma event between sexes. Serum triglyceride concentration was significantly different at time of diagnosis of adenoma (737 ± 422 mg/dL) compared with control subjects (335 ± 195 mg/dL) (P = .009). Differences in height SDS (P = .051) and body mass index SDS (P = .066) approached significance in our case-control analysis. CONCLUSION: Metabolic control may be related to HCA formation in patients with GSD Ia. Optimizing metabolic control remains critical, and further studies are warranted to understand the pathogenesis of adenoma development.

Potatoes contain 80% water which results in low shelf life The quality of potato and its storage life is reduced by the loss of moisture, decay and physiological breakdown. These deteriorations are directly related to storage temperature, relative humidity air circulation and gas composition. Bruise prevention, minimum weight loss and disease prevention during storage are significant. In this study, attempts have been made to find out an affordable and effective storage system of potatoes in rural condition. For getting it, the effectiveness of storage of potatoes in zero energy cool chamber was tested. Minimum storage losses as weight loss, sprout loss and rottage has been recorded in case of its storage in zero energy cool chambers as compared to other tested methods.

The effects of Magnolia bark extract (MBE) on brown rot control, postharvest quality in peach fruit during storage (0±0.5°C) and its’ safety were investigated. The study showed that MBE at 12.0 mg ml-1 treatment could significantly reduce the disease incidence and lesion diameter of peach fruit inoculated with Monilinia fructicola (P<0.05). The natural disease incidence was also decreased by MBE during 8 week storage at 0°C and an additional 5 days at 20°C. Activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in the MBE-treated fruit were higher than those in control. MBE treatment delayed the decline of firmness in peach during storage. Results of the oral acute toxicity, micronucleus test and primary dermal irritation showed that MBE is non-irritating, non-toxic and safe. These results indicate that postharvest treatment with MBE holds promise as a new technology, substituting for chemical fungicide, for the control of brown rot decay of peach fruit.

In Israel, black spot caused by Alternaria alternata is the main postharvest factor that impairs the quality and reduces the storability of persimmon fruit (Diospyros kaki cv. Triumph). The fungus infects the fruit in the orchard and remains quiescent until harvest. After harvest, the pathogen slowly colonizes the fruit during storage at 0°C, which elicits black spot symptom development 2–3 months after storage entry. A commercial postharvest dip treatment in chlorine at 500mgL⁻¹, released from sodium troclosene tablets, effectively controlled black spot in fruit stored for up to 2 months. However, decay incidence increased as the length of storage was extended beyond 2.5 months. The long incubation period that precedes black spot symptom development after harvest enabled the development of a series of integrative approaches for application at the pre- and postharvest stages, in combination with the commercial chlorine dip treatment, to improve the control of black spot disease. Preharvest treatments included treatment with the cytokinin-like N₁-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N₃-phenylurea (CPPU) 30d after fruit set, or a single spray with the curative fungicide polyoxin B 14d before harvest, and when one of these was applied in combination with the postharvest chlorine dip treatment, the black spot infected area was reduced by 3 and 60%, respectively, compared with the chlorine dip alone. At the postharvest stage, fogging during storage, or post-storage on-line spraying with sodium troclosene, when applied in combination with the postharvest chlorine dip, improved the percentage of marketable fruit by 2 or 10%, respectively, compared with the chlorine dip alone. The results indicate that postharvest pathogens that show a slow colonization pattern might enable the integration of pre- and postharvest disease control methods to improve quality and reduce postharvest disease development.

Sanfilippo disease (MPS IIIA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from sulfamidase deficiency, which is characterized by severe neurological impairment. Various tissues of MPS IIIA mice accumulate undegraded glycosaminoglycans and mimic the human neurodegenerative disorder, and are an excellent tool to both delineate disease pathogenesis and test potential therapies. The relationship between abnormal glycosaminoglycan storage and neurodysfunction remains ill defined. Pathways such as inflammation or oxidative stress have been highlighted in many neurodegenerative disorders, including lysosomal storage diseases, as major components of the neuropathology. By using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we have compared the expression of selected genes in normal and MPS IIIA mouse cerebral tissues, focusing on inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress-related genes. We have identified several genes strongly over-expressed in the central nervous system of a MPS IIIA mouse, reflecting a neurological deterioration state. We have used these genes as markers to follow-up a long-term aspirin treatment. Aspirin treatment led to the normalization of inflammation- and oxidative stress-related mRNA levels in treated MPS IIIA mouse brains. A biochemical correction of an oxidative stress phenomenon both in the brain and peripheral organs of treated MPS IIIA mice was also obtained. These results suggest that anti-inflammatory intervention may be of potential benefit in MPS IIIA disease.

Mutations in the GBA gene that encodes glucocerebrosidase cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher disease but also increase the risk for Parkinson's disease. Mazzulli et al. (2011) uncover a possible mechanism to explain this connection: loss of glucocerebrosidase creates a positive feedback loop of reduced lysosomal function and α-synuclein accumulation, ultimately leading to neurodegeneration.

Two clinically distinct disorders, Wolman disease (WD) and cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD), are allelic autosomal recessive disorders caused by different mutations in lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA) which encodes for an essential enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of intracellular cholesteryl esters and triglycerides. We describe a case of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency in an infant with WD and report on a novel mutation type, intragenic deletion.

Renal failure was diagnosed in an 11-mo-old male domestic shorthair cat from a colony with mucopolysaccharidosis type I lysosomal storage disease. Grossly, the kidneys were enlarged and bulged on cut section. Histology revealed tubular necrosis and regeneration with severe interstitial macrophage accumulation. Tubular epithelial cells and interstitial macrophages were distended by abundant, large cytoplasmic vacuoles. Electron microscopy demonstrated severe tubular epithelial vacuolar degeneration with lysosomes distended by granular debris and mineral precipitates. Interstitial macrophages contained similarly distended lysosomes. Although the initial cause of the tubular injury was not identified, the presence of macrophages laden with storage product most likely exacerbated the disease. The macrophage infiltrate may have caused tubular ischemia by compressing peritubular capillaries and separating tubules from their blood supply. Because the kidney is not normally affected in MPS I, this case is an unusual presentation of a well-characterized disease. Furthermore, this report documents the diagnostic workflow used to investigate a single case of feline acute renal failure in the setting of numerous at-risk laboratory animals.