Are fungal species from the genus Ganoderma new sources of anti-inflammatory agents?
2018
Rašeta, Milena (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-4185) | Miljić, Milorad | Vlaisavljević, Sanja (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1184-9080) | Šibul, Filip (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-4383) | Karaman, Maja (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-9206) | Mimica-Dukić, Neda (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-6881)
Mushrooms are rich sources of bioactive compounds, among which, Ganoderma lucidum is one of the best traditional Oriental medicine that has been widely used for thousands of years in Asian countries. G. lucidum is mostly used as a tonic to promote longevity and health due to express significant bioactive properties including antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and immunomodulating activity. Although therapeutic potential of this fungal species is well studied, the pharmacological mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory actions, especially on platelets, remain unclear. In this study platales were used as sources of COX-1 and 12-LOX enzymes while highly sensitive and specific LC–MS/MS technique was used for detection of the main arachidonic acid metabolites. The aim of this work was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of both chloroform (CHCl3) and ethanolic (EtOH) extracts of G. lucidum by ex vivo method, based on determination of inhibition of inflammatory mediators‟ production via monitoring of five eicosanoids. The activity of CHCl3 extracts towards PGE2 as 1-COX metabolites was stronger than examined EtOH extracts (IC50=1.10±0.06 mg/mL and 2.01±0.02 mg/mL, respectively) and also towards 12-HETE (12-LOX metabolites) (IC50< 0.39 mg/mL and 1.62±0.25 mg/mL). Activity on 12-HHT and TXB2 was not statistically significant. Furthermore, IC50 values for PFG2α metabolite could not be calculated due to its absence in control samples; experimental data also confirmed that extracts do not stimulate PGF2α synthesis. Low IC50 values of extracts proved high inhibitory potential of these, unpolar, extracts towards the 1-COX and 12-LOX pathway, and confirm their potential use as pharmaceuticals.
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