Scarification and degermination of sorghum for grits production: effects of hybrid and conditioning
2000
Suroso, J. | Flores, R.A. | Boyer, J.E. Jr
Three sorghum hybrids were tempered and decorticated with an abrasive-type mill (scarifier) to produce low-ash and low-fat grits. The effects of tempering time and temperature were investigated, and the optimum tempering conditions for obtaining low-ash and low-fat grits were found for each sorghum hybrid. The conditions were 3 min at 30 degrees C for bronze sorghum with heteroyellow endosperm, 40 min at 40 degrees C for white sorghum with white endosperm, and 10 min at 20 degrees C for red sorghum with white endosperm. The grits yields were low using the scarifier, hence, another abrasive-type mill was investigated for improving grits yields. A modified experimental corn decorticator-degerminator was used to dry-mill the three sorghum hybrids tempered to the optimum conditions found with the scarifier. The yields were 45.3% grits with 0.23% ash and 0.18% fat for the bronze/heteroyellow hybrid, 49.1% grits with 0.22% ash and 0.36% fat for white/white hybrid, and 44.2% grits with 0.20% ash and 0.22% fat for red/white hybrid. This study showed that grits yields were higher and ash and fat contents were lower when sorghum was processed with the decorticator-degerminator than with the scarifier under the same optimum conditioning.
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