خيارات البحث
النتائج 171 - 180 من 8,010
Metal stable isotopes in transplanted oysters as a new tool for monitoring anthropogenic metal bioaccumulation in marine environments: The case for copper النص الكامل
2021
Ferreira Araujo, Daniel | Knoery, Joel | Briant, Nicolas | Ponzevera, Emmanuel | Chouvelon, Tiphaine | Auby, Isabelle | Yepez, Santiago | Bruzac, Sandrine | Sireau, Teddy | Pellouin-grouhel, Anne | Akcha, Farida
Metal stable isotopes in transplanted oysters as a new tool for monitoring anthropogenic metal bioaccumulation in marine environments: The case for copper النص الكامل
2021
Ferreira Araujo, Daniel | Knoery, Joel | Briant, Nicolas | Ponzevera, Emmanuel | Chouvelon, Tiphaine | Auby, Isabelle | Yepez, Santiago | Bruzac, Sandrine | Sireau, Teddy | Pellouin-grouhel, Anne | Akcha, Farida
Metal release into the environment from anthropogenic activities may endanger ecosystems and human health. However, identifying and quantifying anthropogenic metal bioaccumulation in organisms remain a challenging task. In this work, we assess Cu isotopes in Pacific oysters (C. gigas) as a new tool for monitoring anthropogenic Cu bioaccumulation into marine environments. Arcachon Bay was taken as a natural laboratory due to its increasing contamination by Cu, and its relevance as a prominent shellfish production area. Here, we transplanted 18-month old oysters reared in an oceanic neighbor area into two Arcachon Bay mariculture sites under different exposure levels to continental Cu inputs. At the end of their 12-month long transplantation period, the oysters’ Cu body burdens had increased, and was shifted toward more positive δ65Cu values. The gradient of Cu isotope compositions observed for oysters sampling stations was consistent with relative geographic distance and exposure intensities to unknown continental Cu sources. A binary isotope mixing model based on experimental data allowed to estimate the Cu continental fraction bioaccumulated in the transplanted oysters. The positive δ65Cu values and high bioaccumulated levels of Cu in transplanted oysters support that continental emissions are dominantly anthropogenic. However, identifying specific pollutant coastal source remained unelucidated mostly due to their broader and overlapping isotope signatures and potential post-depositional Cu isotope fractionation processes. Further investigations on isotope fractionation of Cu-based compounds in an aqueous medium may improve Cu source discrimination. Thus, using Cu as an example, this work combines for the first time a well-known caged bivalve approach with metal stable isotope techniques for monitoring and quantifying the bioaccumulation of anthropogenic metal into marine environments. Also, it states the main challenges to pinpoint specific coastal anthropogenic sources utilizing this approach and provides the perspectives for further studies to overcome them.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Metal stable isotopes in transplanted oysters as a new tool for monitoring anthropogenic metal bioaccumulation in marine environments: The case for copper النص الكامل
2021
Araújo, Daniel F. | Knoery, Joël | Briant, Nicolas | Ponzevera, Emmanuel | Chouvelon, Tiphaine | Auby, Isabelle | Yepez, Santiago | Bruzac, Sandrine | Sireau, Teddy | Pellouin-Grouhel, Anne | Akcha, Farida
Metal release into the environment from anthropogenic activities may endanger ecosystems and human health. However, identifying and quantifying anthropogenic metal bioaccumulation in organisms remain a challenging task. In this work, we assess Cu isotopes in Pacific oysters (C. gigas) as a new tool for monitoring anthropogenic Cu bioaccumulation into marine environments. Arcachon Bay was taken as a natural laboratory due to its increasing contamination by Cu, and its relevance as a prominent shellfish production area. Here, we transplanted 18-month old oysters reared in an oceanic neighbor area into two Arcachon Bay mariculture sites under different exposure levels to continental Cu inputs. At the end of their 12-month long transplantation period, the oysters’ Cu body burdens had increased, and was shifted toward more positive δ⁶⁵Cu values. The gradient of Cu isotope compositions observed for oysters sampling stations was consistent with relative geographic distance and exposure intensities to unknown continental Cu sources. A binary isotope mixing model based on experimental data allowed to estimate the Cu continental fraction bioaccumulated in the transplanted oysters. The positive δ⁶⁵Cu values and high bioaccumulated levels of Cu in transplanted oysters support that continental emissions are dominantly anthropogenic. However, identifying specific pollutant coastal source remained unelucidated mostly due to their broader and overlapping isotope signatures and potential post-depositional Cu isotope fractionation processes. Further investigations on isotope fractionation of Cu-based compounds in an aqueous medium may improve Cu source discrimination. Thus, using Cu as an example, this work combines for the first time a well-known caged bivalve approach with metal stable isotope techniques for monitoring and quantifying the bioaccumulation of anthropogenic metal into marine environments. Also, it states the main challenges to pinpoint specific coastal anthropogenic sources utilizing this approach and provides the perspectives for further studies to overcome them.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Adsorption and degradation of the herbicide nicosulfuron in a stagnic Luvisol and Vermic Umbrisol cultivated under conventional or conservation agriculture النص الكامل
2021
Cueff, Sixtine | Alletto, Lionel | Dumeny, Valerie | Benoit, Pierre | Pot, Valerie | AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS) ; AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne | Occitanie Region (BAG'AGES project) | Occitanie Region (BAG'AGES CISOL project)
International audience | The main goals of conservation agriculture are to enhance soil fertility and reduce soil degradation, especially through erosion. However, conservation agriculture practices can increase the risk of contamination by pesticides, mainly through vertical transfer via water flow. Better understanding of their sorption and degradation processes is thus needed in conservation agriculture as they control the amount of pesticide available for vertical transfer. The purpose of our study was to investigate the sorption and degradation processes of nicosulfuron in soil profiles (up to 90 cm deep) of a Vermic Umbrisol and a Stagnic Luvisol managed either in conventional or in conservation agriculture. Two laboratory sorption and incubation experiments were performed. Low sorption was observed regardless of the soil type, agricultural management or depth, with a maximum value of 1.3 +/- 2.0 L kg(-1). By the end of the experiment (91 days), nicosulfuron mineralisation in the Vermic Umbrisol was similar for the two types of agricultural management and rather depended on soil depth (29.0 +/- 2.3% in the 0-60-cm layers against 7.5 +/- 1.4% in the 60-90 cm). In the Stagnic Luvisol, nicosulfuron mineralisation reached similar value in every layer of the conservation agriculture plot (26.5% +/- 0.7%). On the conventional tillage plot, mineralisation decreased in the deepest layer (25-60 cm) reaching only 18.4 +/- 6.9% of the applied nicosulfuron. Regardless of the soil type or agricultural management, non-extractable residue formation was identified as the main dissipation process of nicosulfuron (45.1 +/- 8.5% and 50.2 +/- 7.0% under conventional and conservation agriculture respectively after 91 days). In our study, nicosulfuron behaved similarly in the Vermic Umbrisol regardless of the agricultural management, whereas the risk of transfer to groundwater seemed lower in the Stagnic Luvisol under conservation agriculture.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Salinization of Alpine rivers during winter months النص الكامل
2021
Niedrist, Georg | Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel | Cauvy-Fraunié, Sophie | Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck | Universitat de Barcelona (UB) | RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | -University of Innsbruck -MECODISPER project - Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad -Agencia Estatal de Investigacion : CTM2017-89295-P-European Commission
Salinization of Alpine rivers during winter months النص الكامل
2021
Niedrist, Georg | Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel | Cauvy-Fraunié, Sophie | Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck | Universitat de Barcelona (UB) | RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy) ; Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | -University of Innsbruck -MECODISPER project - Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad -Agencia Estatal de Investigacion : CTM2017-89295-P-European Commission
International audience | Human-induced (i.e., secondary) salinization affects aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide. While agriculture or resource extraction are the main drivers of secondary salinization in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, the application of deicing road salt in winter can be an important source of salts entering freshwaters in cold regions. Alpine rivers are probably affected by salinization, especially in highly populated mountain regions, although this remains to be explored. In this study, we analyzed multi-year conductance time series from four rivers in the European Alps and demonstrated that the application of deicing road salt is linked to peaking rivers’ salinity levels during late winter/early spring. Especially in small catchments with more urban surfaces close to the rivers, conductance increased during constant low-flow periods in late winter and was less correlated with discharge than in summer. Thus, our results suggest that small rivers highly connected to urban infrastructures are prone to considerable salinity peaks during late winter/early spring. Given the low natural level of salinities in Alpine rivers, the aquatic biodiversity might be significantly affected by the recorded changes in conductance, with potential consequences on ecosystem functioning. Thereby, we urge the research community to assess the impact of secondary salinization in Alpine rivers and call for an implementation of management practices to prevent the degradation of these pristine and valuable ecosystems.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Salinization of Alpine rivers during winter months النص الكامل
2021
Niedrist, Georg H. | Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel | Cauvy-Fraunié, Sophie
Human-induced (i.e., secondary) salinization affects aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide. While agriculture or resource extraction are the main drivers of secondary salinization in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, the application of deicing road salt in winter can be an important source of salts entering freshwaters in cold regions. Alpine rivers are probably affected by salinization, especially in highly populated mountain regions, although this remains to be explored. In this study, we analyzed multi-year conductance time series from four rivers in the European Alps and demonstrated that the application of deicing road salt is linked to peaking rivers’ salinity levels during late winter/early spring. Especially in small catchments with more urban surfaces close to the rivers, conductance increased during constant low-flow periods in late winter and was less correlated with discharge than in summer. Thus, our results suggest that small rivers highly connected to urban infrastructures are prone to considerable salinity peaks during late winter/early spring. Given the low natural level of salinities in Alpine rivers, the aquatic biodiversity might be significantly affected by the recorded changes in conductance, with potential consequences on ecosystem functioning. Thereby, we urge the research community to assess the impact of secondary salinization in Alpine rivers and call for an implementation of management practices to prevent the degradation of these pristine and valuable ecosystems.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Protection from metal toxicity by Hsp40-like protein isolated from contaminated soil using functional metagenomic approach النص الكامل
2021
Thakur, Bharti | Yadav, Rajiv | Mukherjee, Arkadeep | Melayah, Delphine | Marmeisse, Roland | Fraissinet-Tachet, Laurence | Reddy, Mondem Sudhakara | Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology [Patiala, Inde] (TIET) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | University of Allahabad | Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)
Protection from metal toxicity by Hsp40-like protein isolated from contaminated soil using functional metagenomic approach النص الكامل
2021
Thakur, Bharti | Yadav, Rajiv | Mukherjee, Arkadeep | Melayah, Delphine | Marmeisse, Roland | Fraissinet-Tachet, Laurence | Reddy, Mondem Sudhakara | Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology [Patiala, Inde] (TIET) | Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | University of Allahabad | Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)
International audience | Pollution in the environment due to accumulation of potentially toxic metals results in deterioration of soil and water quality, thus impacting health of all living organisms including microbes. In the present investigation, a functional metagenomics approach was adopted to mine functional genes involved in metal tolerance from potentially toxic metal contaminated site. Eukaryotic cDNA library (1.0-4.0 kb) was screened for the genes providing tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity through a functional complementation assay using Cd-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant ycf1(Delta). Out of the 98 clones able to recover growth on Cd-supplemented selective medium, one clone designated as PLCc43 showed more tolerance to Cd along with some other clones. Sequence analysis revealed that cDNA PLCc43 encodes a 284 amino acid protein harbouring four characteristic zinc finger motif repeats (CXXCXGXG) and showing partial homology with heat shock protein (Hsp40) of Acanthamoeba castellanii. qPCR analysis revealed the induction of PLCc43 in the presence of Cd, which was further supported by accumulation of Cd in ycf1(Delta)/PLCc43 mutant. Cu-sensitive (cup1(Delta)), Zn-sensitive (zrc1(Delta)) and Co-sensitive (cot1(Delta)) yeast mutant strains were rescued from sensitivity when transformed with cDNA PLCc43 indicating its ability to confer tolerance to various potentially toxic metals. Oxidative stress tolerance potential of PLCc43 was also confirmed in the presence of H2O2. Present study results suggest that PLCc43 originating from a functional eukaryotic gene of soil community play an important role in detoxification of potentially toxic metals and may be used as biomarker in various contaminated sites.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Protection from metal toxicity by Hsp40-like protein isolated from contaminated soil using functional metagenomic approach النص الكامل
2021
Thakur, Bharti | Yadav, Rajiv | Mukherjee, Arkadeep | Melayah, Delphine | Marmeisse, Roland | Fraissinet-Tachet, Laurence | Reddy, Mondem Sudhakara
Pollution in the environment due to accumulation of potentially toxic metals results in deterioration of soil and water quality, thus impacting health of all living organisms including microbes. In the present investigation, a functional metagenomics approach was adopted to mine functional genes involved in metal tolerance from potentially toxic metal contaminated site. Eukaryotic cDNA library (1.0–4.0 kb) was screened for the genes providing tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity through a functional complementation assay using Cd-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant ycf1Δ. Out of the 98 clones able to recover growth on Cd-supplemented selective medium, one clone designated as PLCc43 showed more tolerance to Cd along with some other clones. Sequence analysis revealed that cDNA PLCc43 encodes a 284 amino acid protein harbouring four characteristic zinc finger motif repeats (CXXCXGXG) and showing partial homology with heat shock protein (Hsp40) of Acanthamoeba castellanii. qPCR analysis revealed the induction of PLCc43 in the presence of Cd, which was further supported by accumulation of Cd in ycf1Δ/PLCc43 mutant. Cu-sensitive (cup1Δ), Zn-sensitive (zrc1Δ) and Co-sensitive (cot1Δ) yeast mutant strains were rescued from sensitivity when transformed with cDNA PLCc43 indicating its ability to confer tolerance to various potentially toxic metals. Oxidative stress tolerance potential of PLCc43 was also confirmed in the presence of H₂O₂. Present study results suggest that PLCc43 originating from a functional eukaryotic gene of soil community play an important role in detoxification of potentially toxic metals and may be used as biomarker in various contaminated sites.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Reactivity of secondary phases in weathered limestone using isotopic tracers (D and 18O): the case study of the 'Tribunal Administratif' of Paris النص الكامل
2021
Gentaz, Lucile | Saheb, Mandana | Verney-Carron, Aurélie | Sessegolo, Loryelle | Chabas, Anne | Nuns, Nicolas | Remusat, Laurent | Gonzalez-Cano, Adriana | Fourdrin, Chloé | Mertz, Jean-Didier | Verney-Carron, Aurélie | Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) | Institut Michel Eugène Chevreul - FR 2638 (IMEC) ; Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE ) ; Université Gustave Eiffel | Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques (LRMH) ; Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Reactivity of secondary phases in weathered limestone using isotopic tracers (D and 18O): the case study of the 'Tribunal Administratif' of Paris النص الكامل
2021
Gentaz, Lucile | Saheb, Mandana | Verney-Carron, Aurélie | Sessegolo, Loryelle | Chabas, Anne | Nuns, Nicolas | Remusat, Laurent | Gonzalez-Cano, Adriana | Fourdrin, Chloé | Mertz, Jean-Didier | Verney-Carron, Aurélie | Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) | Institut Michel Eugène Chevreul - FR 2638 (IMEC) ; Université d'Artois (UA)-Centrale Lille-Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE ) ; Université Gustave Eiffel | Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques (LRMH) ; Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
International audience | For a long time, limestone has been massively used in stone building and monuments because of its easy extraction and common presence in the landscape. On ancient monuments, mostly built in urban areas, it is exposed to urban-borne pollutants responsible for specific alteration mechanisms and weathering kinetics. Especially, the dissolution of calcite and the precipitation of new phases will affect the limestone pore network, modify the stones capillary properties, and influence the further alteration. In order to better understand these processes, an altered limestone sample from 'Tribunal Administratif' (TA) in Paris was studied. The main secondary phase was found to be syngenite, which can be explained by the location of the sample close to the soil, a potential source of K (fertilizers). This phase is more soluble than gypsum that is commonly found on altered limestone. In order to assess the reactivity of the system (limestone and new phases), oxygen and hydrogen isotopes were used to trace the transfer of water ((D2O)-O-18) and identify the location of the reactive areas (susceptible to alteration). For that, TA samples were exposed in a climatic chamber to relative humidity (RH) cycles (25% RH for 2.5 days and 85% RH for 4.5 days) for 2 months with a (D2O)-O-18 vapor to simulate alteration occurring in conditions sheltered from the rain. Results have shown that the water vapor easily circulates deep in the sample and reacts preferentially with syngenite the most reactive phase (compared with calcite and quartz). This phase could evolve in gypsum when exposed to an environment different from the one resulting in its formation.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Reactivity of secondary phases in weathered limestone using isotopic tracers (D and 18O) النص الكامل
2021
Gentaz, Lucile | Saheb, Mandana | Verney-Carron, Aurélie | Sessegolo, Loryelle | Chabas, Anne | Nuns, Nicolas | Remusat, Laurent | Gonzalez-Cano, Adriana | Fourdrin, Chloé | Mertz, Jean-Didier
For a long time, limestone has been massively used in stone building and monuments because of its easy extraction and common presence in the landscape. On ancient monuments, mostly built in urban areas, it is exposed to urban-borne pollutants responsible for specific alteration mechanisms and weathering kinetics. Especially, the dissolution of calcite and the precipitation of new phases will affect the limestone pore network, modify the stones capillary properties, and influence the further alteration. In order to better understand these processes, an altered limestone sample from ‘Tribunal Administratif’ (TA) in Paris was studied. The main secondary phase was found to be syngenite, which can be explained by the location of the sample close to the soil, a potential source of K (fertilizers). This phase is more soluble than gypsum that is commonly found on altered limestone. In order to assess the reactivity of the system (limestone and new phases), oxygen and hydrogen isotopes were used to trace the transfer of water (D₂¹⁸O) and identify the location of the reactive areas (susceptible to alteration). For that, TA samples were exposed in a climatic chamber to relative humidity (RH) cycles (25% RH for 2.5 days and 85% RH for 4.5 days) for 2 months with a D₂¹⁸O vapor to simulate alteration occurring in conditions sheltered from the rain. Results have shown that the water vapor easily circulates deep in the sample and reacts preferentially with syngenite the most reactive phase (compared with calcite and quartz). This phase could evolve in gypsum when exposed to an environment different from the one resulting in its formation.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Experimental and modelling evidence of splash effects on manure borne Escherichia coli washoff النص الكامل
2021
Mügler, Claude | Ribolzi, Olivier | Viguier, Marion | Janeau, Jean-Louis | Jardé, Emilie | Latsachack, Keooudone | Henry-Des-Tureaux, Thierry | Thammahacksa, Chanthamousone | Valentin, Christian | Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth | Rochelle-Newall, Emma | Modélisation Hydrologique (HYDRO) ; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE) ; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Géosciences Rennes (GR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Department of Agricultural Land Management [Vientiane] (DALaM) ; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Laos | Pastek program of the GIS-Climat | Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) | Géosciences Environnement Toulouse | ANR-13-AGRO-0007,TecItEasy,Effets conjugués de l'expansion des plantations d'arbres et du changement climatique sur le fonctionnement hydro-sédimentaire des bassins versants tropicaux de montagne: la diversité microbienne aquatique comme un proxy de la conversion d'usage des terres(2013)
Experimental and modelling evidence of splash effects on manure borne Escherichia coli washoff النص الكامل
2021
Mügler, Claude | Ribolzi, Olivier | Viguier, Marion | Janeau, Jean-Louis | Jardé, Emilie | Latsachack, Keooudone | Henry-Des-Tureaux, Thierry | Thammahacksa, Chanthamousone | Valentin, Christian | Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth | Rochelle-Newall, Emma | Modélisation Hydrologique (HYDRO) ; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE) ; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) ; Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) | Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Géosciences Rennes (GR) ; Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Department of Agricultural Land Management [Vientiane] (DALaM) ; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Laos | Pastek program of the GIS-Climat | Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) | Géosciences Environnement Toulouse | ANR-13-AGRO-0007,TecItEasy,Effets conjugués de l'expansion des plantations d'arbres et du changement climatique sur le fonctionnement hydro-sédimentaire des bassins versants tropicaux de montagne: la diversité microbienne aquatique comme un proxy de la conversion d'usage des terres(2013)
International audience | In tropical montane South-East Asia, recent changes in land use have induced increased runoff, soil erosion and in-stream suspended sediment loads. Land use change is also contributing to increased microbial pathogen dissemination and contamination of stream waters. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is frequently used as an indicator of faecal contamination. Field rain simulations were conducted to examine how E. coli is exported from the surface of upland, agricultural soils during runoff events. The objectives were to characterize the loss dynamics of this indicator from agricultural soils contaminated with livestock waste, and to identify the effect of splash on washoff. Experiments were performed on nine 1 m2 plots, amended or not with pig or poultry manure. Each plot was divided into two 0.5 m2 sub-plots. One of the two sub-plots was protected with a mosquito net for limiting the raindrop impact effects. Runoff, soil detachment by raindrop impact and its entrainment by runoff, and E. coli loads and discharge were measured for each sub-plot. The results show that raindrop impact strongly enhances runoff generation, soil detachment and entrainment and E. coli export. When the impact of raindrops was reduced with a mosquito net, total runoff was reduced by more than 50%, soil erosion was on average reduced by 90% and E. coli export from the amended soil surface was on average 3 to 8 times lower. A coupled physics-based approach was performed using the Cast3M platform for modelling the time evolutions of runoff, solid particles detachment and transfer and bacteria transport that were measured for one of the nine plots. After estimation of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil erodibility and attachment rate of bacteria, model outputs were consistent with measured runoff coefficients, suspended sediment and E. coli loads. This work therefore underlines the need to maintain adequate vegetation at the soil surface to avoid the erosion and export of soil borne potential pathogens towards downstream aquatic systems.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Experimental and modelling evidence of splash effects on manure borne Escherichia coli washoff النص الكامل
2021
Mügler, Claude | Ribolzi, Olivier | Viguier, Marion | Janeau, Jean-Louis | Jardé, Emilie | Latsachack, Keooudone | Henry-Des-Tureaux, Thierry | Thammahacksa, Chanthamousone | Valentin, Christian | Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth | Rochelle-Newall, Emma
In tropical montane South-East Asia, recent changes in land use have induced increased runoff, soil erosion and in-stream suspended sediment loads. Land use change is also contributing to increased microbial pathogen dissemination and contamination of stream waters. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is frequently used as an indicator of faecal contamination. Field rain simulations were conducted to examine how E. coli is exported from the surface of upland, agricultural soils during runoff events. The objectives were to characterize the loss dynamics of this indicator from agricultural soils contaminated with livestock waste, and to identify the effect of splash on washoff. Experiments were performed on nine 1 m² plots, amended or not with pig or poultry manure. Each plot was divided into two 0.5 m² sub-plots. One of the two sub-plots was protected with a mosquito net for limiting the raindrop impact effects. Runoff, soil detachment by raindrop impact and its entrainment by runoff, and E. coli loads and discharge were measured for each sub-plot. The results show that raindrop impact strongly enhances runoff generation, soil detachment and entrainment and E. coli export. When the impact of raindrops was reduced with a mosquito net, total runoff was reduced by more than 50%, soil erosion was on average reduced by 90% and E. coli export from the amended soil surface was on average 3 to 8 times lower. A coupled physics-based approach was performed using the Cast3M platform for modelling the time evolutions of runoff, solid particles detachment and transfer and bacteria transport that were measured for one of the nine plots. After estimation of the saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil erodibility and attachment rate of bacteria, model outputs were consistent with measured runoff coefficients, suspended sediment and E. coli loads. This work therefore underlines the need to maintain adequate vegetation at the soil surface to avoid the erosion and export of soil borne potential pathogens towards downstream aquatic systems.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Dark septate endophytes isolated from non-hyperaccumulator plants can increase phytoextraction of Cd and Zn by the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens النص الكامل
2021
Yung, Loïc | Blaudez, Damien | Maurice, Nicolas | Azou-Barré, Antonin | Sirguey, Catherine | Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Pôle Scientifique OTELo Université de Lorraine | Deepsurf ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE | Endoextract project | GISFI | ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015)
Dark septate endophytes isolated from non-hyperaccumulator plants can increase phytoextraction of Cd and Zn by the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens النص الكامل
2021
Yung, Loïc | Blaudez, Damien | Maurice, Nicolas | Azou-Barré, Antonin | Sirguey, Catherine | Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) ; Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE) ; Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Pôle Scientifique OTELo Université de Lorraine | Deepsurf ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE | Endoextract project | GISFI | ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015)
International audience | Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can improve plant stress tolerance by promoting growth and affecting element accumulation. Due to its ability to accumulate high Cd, Zn, and Ni concentrations in its shoots, Noccaea caerulescens is considered a promising candidate for phytoextraction in the field. However, the ability of DSEs to improve trace element (TE) phytoextraction with N. caerulescens has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the ability of five DSE strains, previously isolated from poplar roots collected at different TE-contaminated sites, to improve plant development, mineral nutrient status, and metal accumulation by N. caerulescens during a pot experiment using two soils differing in their level of TE contamination. Microscopic observations revealed that the tested DSE strains effectively colonised the roots of N. caerulescens. In the highly contaminated (HC) soil, a threefold increase in root biomass was found in plants inoculated with the Leptodontidium sp. Pr30 strain compared to that in the non-inoculated condition; however, the plant nutrient status was not affected. In contrast, the two strains Phialophora mustea Pr27 and Leptodontidium sp. Me07 had positive effects on the mineral nutrient status of plants without significantly modifying their biomass. Compared to non-inoculated plants cultivated on HC soil, Pr27- and Pr30-inoculated plants extracted more Zn (+ 30%) and Cd (+ 90%), respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the responses of N. caerulescens to DSE inoculation ranged from neutral to beneficial and we identified two strains (i.e. Leptodontidium sp. (Pr30) and Phialophora mustea (Pr27)) isolated from poplar that appeared promising as they increased the amounts of Zn and Cd extracted by improving plant growth and/or TE accumulation by N. caerulescens. These results generate interest in further characterising the DSEs that naturally colonise N. caerulescens and testing their ability to improve phytoextraction.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Dark septate endophytes isolated from non-hyperaccumulator plants can increase phytoextraction of Cd and Zn by the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens النص الكامل
2021
Yung, Loïc | Blaudez, Damien | Maurice, Nicolas | Azou-Barré, Antonin | Sirguey, Catherine
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can improve plant stress tolerance by promoting growth and affecting element accumulation. Due to its ability to accumulate high Cd, Zn, and Ni concentrations in its shoots, Noccaea caerulescens is considered a promising candidate for phytoextraction in the field. However, the ability of DSEs to improve trace element (TE) phytoextraction with N. caerulescens has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the ability of five DSE strains, previously isolated from poplar roots collected at different TE-contaminated sites, to improve plant development, mineral nutrient status, and metal accumulation by N. caerulescens during a pot experiment using two soils differing in their level of TE contamination. Microscopic observations revealed that the tested DSE strains effectively colonised the roots of N. caerulescens. In the highly contaminated (HC) soil, a threefold increase in root biomass was found in plants inoculated with the Leptodontidium sp. Pr30 strain compared to that in the non-inoculated condition; however, the plant nutrient status was not affected. In contrast, the two strains Phialophora mustea Pr27 and Leptodontidium sp. Me07 had positive effects on the mineral nutrient status of plants without significantly modifying their biomass. Compared to non-inoculated plants cultivated on HC soil, Pr27- and Pr30-inoculated plants extracted more Zn (+ 30%) and Cd (+ 90%), respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the responses of N. caerulescens to DSE inoculation ranged from neutral to beneficial and we identified two strains (i.e. Leptodontidium sp. (Pr30) and Phialophora mustea (Pr27)) isolated from poplar that appeared promising as they increased the amounts of Zn and Cd extracted by improving plant growth and/or TE accumulation by N. caerulescens. These results generate interest in further characterising the DSEs that naturally colonise N. caerulescens and testing their ability to improve phytoextraction.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Influence of Biochar Particle Size and Concentration on Pb and As Availability in Contaminated Mining Soil and Phytoremediation Potential of Poplar Assessed in a Mesocosm Experiment النص الكامل
2021
Lebrun, Manhattan | Miard, Florie | Nandillon, Romain | Hattab-Hambli, Nour | Léger, J.C. | Scippa, Gabriella Stefania | Domenico, Morabito | Bourgerie, Sylvain | Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC) ; Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | IDDEA (IDDEA) | Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) ; Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327 ; Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) ; Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL)
International audience | Metal(loid)s found at many sites as a result of human activities induce contamination of ecosystems, which threatens the environment and public health. Several approaches can be used in order to reduce such negative impacts of pollutants, and among them, phytoremediation has gained attractive attention. The objective of the present study was to assess the capacity of Populus euramericana, Dorskamp cultivar, for the phytoremediation of metal(loid)s on a technosol (former mining site) highly contaminated mainly with Pb and As, and amended with biochars having different particle sizes. In a 46-day mesocosm glasshouse pot experiment, technosol was mixed at three ratios (0, 2, or 5% w/w) with four different hardwood-derived biochars (with various particle sizes) in order to study the biochar application rate and particle size effects on soil pore water (SPW) characteristics, on poplar growth, and on metal(loid) distribution and concentrations in the plant organs. The results showed that all biochars tested had a significant impact on several SPW physico-chemical parameters. Especially, biochar additions reduced available Pb concentrations but with no effect on As. In such conditions, Populus growth in amended technosol increased whatever rate and particle size of biochar used. Metal(loid) concentrations and repartition in plant organs showed the following: (1) for Pb, a higher root concentration with low aerial part translocation, which depended on biochar used, and (2) for As, mainly a root sequestration. We identified biochar with the finest particle size and combined with P. euramericana, Dorskamp, was the most suitable as remediation tools for Pb stabilization in post-mining contaminated soils.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]Passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and hematological malignancies in the general population: a systematic review النص الكامل
2021
Roingeard, Camille | Monnereau, Alain | Goujon, Stephanie | Orazio, Sebastien | Bouvier, Ghislaine | Printemps-Vacquier, Blandine | Bordeaux population health (BPH) ; Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) | Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancer | Epidémiologie des cancers de l'enfant et de l'adolescent (EPICEA [CRESS - U1153 / UMR_A 1125]) ; Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics | Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125)) ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
International audience | Incidence rates of hematological malignancies have been constantly increasing over the past 40 years. In parallel, an expanding use of agricultural pesticides has been observed. Only a limited number of studies investigated the link between hematological malignancies risk and passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides in the general population. The purpose of our review was to summarize the current state of knowledge on that question. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases. We built a scoring scale to appraise relevance of each selected articles. We included 23 publications: 13 ecological studies, 9 case-control studies and a cohort study. Positive associations were reported between hematological malignancies and individual pesticides, pesticide groups, all pesticides without distinction, or some crop types. Relevance score was highly various across studies regardless of their design. Children studies were the majority and had overall higher relevance scores. The effect of passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides on hematological malignancies risk is suggested by the literature. The main limitation of the literature available is the high heterogeneity across studies, especially in terms of exposure assessment approach. Further studies with high methodological relevance should be conducted.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]FAIRCHAIN project overview النص الكامل
2021
Gésan-Guiziou, Geneviève