The field studies were conducted in the years of 2011 and 2014 at the Experimental Station in Osiny, Poland. Triticale (Triticosecale) is a valuable fodder cereal with a high nutritional value of grains. It can also gain importance as a consumer cereal, providing the body with the necessary amino acids. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of precipitation and temperature conditions in the harvest year, agronomic factors (intensive or integrated type of production) and the percentage of cereals in crop rotation (50, 75 and 100%) on the amino acid content of two winter triticale cultivars (‘Pizarro’ and ‘Pigmej’) as well as to determine the nutritive value of the protein: chemical score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI). Our studies have shown that although the amino acid content of winter triticale is strongly genetically determined, it also depends on weather and agrotechnical factors. Precipitation and temperature factors had the biggest effect on the tyrosine (Tyr) content. The contents of essential and non-essential amino acids in triticale grains and EAAI value were higher under intensive technology, with 50% of cereal grains in the crop rotation, and in the traditional cultivar ‘Pizarro’ as compared to the dwarf one ‘Pigmej’. The most important amino acids that limit the quality of protein in the grain are lysine (Lys) and tryptophan (Trp). Using intensive technology, reducing the cereal percentage of cereals in the crop rotation and selecting a proper cultivar, it is possible to maximize the content of the desired essential and non-essential amino acids in the triticale grains, and thereby improve their feed and consumer value.

The field experiments were conducted at the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute Experimental Station in Osiny in the years of 2015 – 2016. The aim of the study was to compare spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield depending on an integrated and intensive technology. The used production technologies differed as regards the nitrogen fertilization level, chemical protection against weeds, diseases, pests and the way of straw utilization. The following cultivars were selected for the research: ‘Arabella’ and ‘KWS Torridon’. The weather conditions differentiated the yield of spring wheat in individual years. A higher effectiveness of intensive technology, expressed with a higher grain yield compared to the integrated one, was recorded in 2015 – on average by 18.0%. The yield increase between intensive and integrated technologies resulted from a higher 1000 grain weight. Spring wheat cultivars showed a varied response to the production technologies used. Under the intensive technology, a significant yield increase was recorded for the cv. ‘KWS Torridon’, while the production technologies did not differentiate the yield of cv. ‘Arabella’. The quantity and quality of protein substances and the activity of amylolitic enzymes in grains were more dependent on the cultivar than on the production technique used. In the case of spring wheat cultivars ‘Arabella’ and ‘KWS Torridon’, the integrated production technology ensures obtaining grains of the quality suitable for processing.